RU213244U1 - tillage unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for preparing soil for sowing grain and industrial crops. To improve the quality of soil cultivation, expand the functionality of the tool, reduce energy consumption and simplify the design, on the frame 1, the disk module is followed by a chopper module, which also includes chopper rollers 6 placed in two rows and in a checkerboard pattern, having grinding cutting sections in the form of flat shovels 7, behind the chopper module, a tooth module is attached to the frame 1, which also contains rollers 8 placed in two rows and in a checkerboard pattern with fingers 9 welded in and evenly distributed along their perimeter, on which spring teeth 10 are mounted radially and symmetrically on both sides, and the chopper - rollers 6 and rollers 8 with spring teeth 10 have the same racks 4 with disks 2 with bearing mechanisms 3 and are mounted similarly.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for preparing soil for sowing grain and industrial crops.

Known tillage unit Max-Chiesel™ (see Internet resource https://www.greatplainsint.com/ru/implements/united-states/vertical-tillage (https://www.greatplainsint.com/ru/products/9641) ), containing a powerful frame, two rows of exclusive concave turbo discs, pivotally mounted on separate C-shaped racks, one row of angular chopping wheels (chopper rollers) with cutting sections that look like flat shovels, while the chopper rollers work together with turbo discs , are designed to fill the soil back into the voids formed by the racks, that is, to level the soil.

The main disadvantage of the Max-Chiesel™ tillage implement is that it is produced by Great Plains in the USA, and Russia's dependence on imports has a strong impact on final prices and can become an important factor in inflationary pressure.

The closest in terms of technical essence and achieved economic effect is the “Disc-chisel harrow (disco-chisel) of the BDCh “Wolverine” (see the Internet resource https://bdt-agro.ru/kombinirovannye-orudiya-b/). The basic model of the disk chisel contains a trailing frame developed longitudinally in length, two rows of spherical disks with a diameter of 560 mm in a checkerboard pattern on individual racks (disk module), each harrow disc is installed on an individual rack in units with individual grease nipples, with a device that ensures smooth adjustment of the angle of attack of each row of discs in the range from 0° to 30° in the form of levers, slats for adjusting the angle of attack and lanyards. Behind the disc module are two rows of subsoiler shares (chisel module) with height-adjustable side knives. The subsoiler shares are mounted on racks, and they can be rearranged with racks to a working depth of 10 cm below the discs. In this case, the side knives are removed. Without side knives, the subsoiler shares are installed deeper than the discs by 10 cm, i.e. simultaneously with disking by 10-18 cm, deep loosening by 20-28 cm is carried out. Such a depth of processing is necessary for tilled crops and for the accumulation of moisture in the autumn-winter period. For deep loosening of 35-40 cm, the module with discs is removed, while side knives adjustable in height can be installed on the subsoiler's paws. Deep loosening should be carried out once every 3 years. Therefore, this permutation will need to be done infrequently. Behind the main working bodies there is a slatted-spiral roller equipped with mounting brackets and lanyards for adjusting its vertical position. The working depth is regulated by changing the angle of attack of the discs, by relying on a slatted spiral roller and, sometimes, by partially relying on a tractor hitch.

The disadvantages of this design are the low quality of tillage, which consists in the need to get rid of the furrows created by the discs, and there are also no means of ensuring a uniform distribution of crop residues, including high energy consumption due to the presence of chisel working bodies.

The technical solution is to improve the quality of soil cultivation, expand the functionality of the tool, reduce energy consumption and simplify the design.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in a known device, including a trailer frame, two rows in a checkerboard pattern of spherical discs with a diameter of 560 mm on individual racks (disk module), each harrow disc is mounted on an individual rack with a bearing mechanism in units with individual grease nipples , with a device that provides smooth adjustment of the angle of attack of each row of disks in the range from 0° to 30° in the form of levers, angle of attack adjustment bars and lanyards, while, according to the utility model, the disk module is followed by a chopper module on the frame, which also includes in two rows and in a checkerboard pattern, chopper rollers having grinding cutting sections in the form of flat shovels, behind the chopper module, a tooth module is attached to the frame, which also contains rollers placed in two rows and in a checkerboard pattern with welded-in and evenly distributed fingers along their perimeter, on which are mounted radially and symmetrically on both sides of the spring teeth, p In addition, chopper rollers and rollers with spring teeth have the same racks with bearing mechanisms as the discs and are mounted in the same way.

The new elements are that on the frame the disk module is followed by the chopper module, which also includes chopper rollers placed in two rows and in a checkerboard pattern, having grinding cutting sections in the form of flat shovels, the chopper module is followed by a tooth module to the frame, which also contains in two rows and in a checkerboard pattern, rollers with fingers welded in and evenly distributed along their perimeter, on which spring teeth are mounted radially and symmetrically on both sides, moreover, chopper rollers and rollers with spring teeth have the same racks with bearing mechanisms as the disks and are mounted similarly .

New elements of the device are known in agricultural science, but according to the patent and scientific and technical literature, a similar declared set of features has not been found that allows to achieve a technical result.

The novelty lies in the fact that when the unit is operating behind the discs, voids formed by the racks are obtained, the chopper rollers, with their grinding cutting sections in the form of flat shovels, will fill the soil back into the voids, that is, they will level the soil, and the rollers with spring teeth will provide lifting and uniform distribution on the surface of crop residues and other organic matter, forming a layer in the form of mulch.

The drawings schematically show the tillage unit:

in fig. 1 - side view;

in fig. 2 - chopper module;

in fig. 3 - module with spring teeth;

in fig. 4 - roller with spring teeth (a - straight view, 6 - left side view, c - right side view, d - top view and d - perspective view).

The utility model "Tillage unit" contains a longitudinally developed trailer, equipped with sequentially placed modules with the main working bodies, a support roller, hydroficated transport wheels, a frame 1. The first is a disk module containing two rows in a checkerboard pattern of spherical disks 2 with a diameter of 560 mm, mounted on individual 3 racks with bearing mechanisms 4. The upper part of the racks 4 is mounted in nodes 5 with individual grease nipples, with a device that provides smooth adjustment of the angle of attack of each row of discs in the range from 0 ° to 30 ° in the form of levers, angle adjustment bars attacks and turnbuckles (not shown in the diagrams). The disk module is followed by a chopper module, which includes, also placed in two rows and in a checkerboard pattern, chopper rollers 6 with grinding cutting sections in the form of flat shovels 7. Behind the chopper module, a tooth module is attached to the frame 1, containing also placed in two rows and in a checkerboard pattern, rollers 8 with fingers 9 welded in and evenly distributed along their perimeter, on which spring teeth 10 are mounted radially and symmetrically on both sides. Chopper rollers 6 and rollers 8 with spring teeth 10 have the same 2 racks 4 with bearing mechanisms 3 and mounted in the same way.

The work is as follows.

During soil cultivation, when the power tool (shown in the diagrams) moves the frame 1, then the disk bodies (disks 2 mounted on individual racks 4 with bearing mechanisms 3), rotating, cut the stubble, crush plant residues and mix it with the soil . Following them, the chopper rollers 6 come into operation, which, with their chopping cutting sections in the form of flat shovels 7, will grind and fill the soil back into the voids formed by the discs 2 and racks 4. Thus, the chopper rollers will crumble and level the soil. Rollers 8 following them with spring teeth 10 will provide additional loosening, as well as lifting and uniform distribution of crop residues and other organic matter on the surface, forming a layer in the form of mulch, which will then be pressed down by the track roller.

The use of the utility model "Soil-cultivating unit" will improve the quality of soil cultivation, expand the functionality of the tool and reduce energy consumption.

Claims (1)

A soil-cultivating unit, including a trailer frame, two rows of 560 mm spherical discs in a checkerboard pattern on individual racks in the form of a disc module, with each spherical disc mounted on an individual rack with a bearing mechanism in assemblies with individual grease nipples, with a device that provides smooth adjustment angle of attack of each row of disks in the range from 0° to 30° in the form of levers, angle of attack adjustment bars and turnbuckles, characterized in that a chopper module is installed on the frame behind the disk module, which also includes chopper rollers placed in two rows and in a checkerboard pattern , having grinding cutting sections in the form of flat shovels, behind the chopper module, a tooth module is attached to the frame, which also contains rollers placed in two rows and in a checkerboard pattern with welded-in and evenly distributed along their perimeter fingers, on which are mounted radially and symmetrically on both sides of the spring teeth, with chopper rollers and rollers with spring and teeth have the same racks with bearing mechanisms as the disks and are mounted in the same way.

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