RU106823U1 - CULTIVATOR WESTERN WATER-SAVING - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A cultivating cultivating moisture-saving cultivator containing a beam with support-drive disc wheels, parallelogram sections with ridges and working bodies, fertilizer devices, characterized in that the parallelogram section is made of unregulated links, a rack with left- and right-sided plane-cutting mounted on the bed is mounted paws, behind which there are two tooth discs, freely rotated in horizontal and vertical planes, while a bit is installed in front of the rack, and a trailer koprovoda. ! 2. The cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the stand is mounted with the possibility of moving "up and down". ! 3. The cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the tooth discs are mounted with the ability to move "left-right", "up-down".

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, namely, to row cultivators intended for processing corn, sunflower, and other row crops.

State of the art

A cultivator is known for cultivating, including a beam with supporting-drive wheels with pneumatic tires, sections placed on a beam with a set of working bodies (Mechanization and electrification of agricultural production / A.P. Tarasenko, et al. - M .: KoloS. 2002. - S. 147-150).

The disadvantages of this machine is the lack of stabilizing the cultivator and section devices, most of the working bodies are single-operation.

Known cultivator containing a transverse beam with parallelogram sections, each of which is equipped with upper and lower rods connecting the front and rear brackets, a copy wheel and interchangeable working bodies, mounted in holders mounted on ridges made in the form of a pipe, with the front part of each the ridge is rigidly connected to the rear bracket, and the holder is made in the form of a C-shaped element, the shelves of which cover the upper and lower walls of the pipe and are equipped with a vertical groove, and the stand is located and the side of the pipe with an adjustable gap.

In the cultivator-hiller, the attachment unit of the copy wheel is located on the section from the side opposite to the holder.

In the cultivator-hiller, at least two holders with an adjustable longitudinal distance are sequentially installed on the bed (see US Pat. RF No. 20133910, class A01B 39/18, publ. June 15, 1994).

The disadvantage of this cultivator is the design complexity and low operational reliability.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect and adopted by the authors for the prototype is a row cultivator, consisting of a beam with support wheels attached to the beam by sections with rubberized copy rollers, on the section bed there are replaceable working bodies: lancet, chisel and one-sided plane-cutting paws, weeding harrows, hilling bodies. Fertilizers are attached to the beam. Sowing fat is carried out through feeding knives. (Prototype. Klenin N.P., Sakun V.A. Agricultural and land reclamation machines - M .: - 1994. - S.148-149).

A row cultivator has a number of significant disadvantages. Firstly, when driving the support wheels of the cultivator and the copying rollers of the section onto the lumps of soil, all working bodies mounted on the cultivator are deepened. The destructive effect of the copy rollers on the lumps often does not occur, which leads to a variation in the depth of processing. The adjustable upper link of the four-link chain does not form a parallelogram, but a trapezoid, which does not ensure parallel movement of the blade of the paws of the soil surface.

Furrows remain from the supporting-driving, copying wheels, which in rains lead to deflation, soil erosion.

The design is complicated by an additional set of working bodies: weeding harrows for pre-emergence processing, feeding knives, hilling bodies that perform only one operation.

Utility Model Disclosure

The technical result that can be achieved using the proposed utility model is to improve the quality indicators, cutting and combing weeds, creating a mulching layer that traps soil moisture, simplifying the design.

The technical result is achieved with the cultivator of a tilled moisture-saving cultivator containing a beam with supporting-drive disc wheels placed on it by fertilizer devices, parallelogram sections with a bed and working bodies, while the parallelogram section is made of unregulated links, a rack with a left attached to it is installed on the bed - and right-handed flat-cutting paws, behind which there are two tooth discs, freely rotated in horizontal and vertical planes. A chisel is installed in front of the rack, followed by the end of the ductwork. Tooth disks have the ability to move "left-right", and the rack - "up and down."

Brief Description of the Drawings

In Fig.1 - cultivator cultivating moisture-saving, side view.

In Fig.2 - cultivator row crop moisture-saving, top view.

Figure 3 - Diagram of the placement of the tooth discs in the processing of protective zones.

Figure 4 - Diagram of the placement of the tooth discs during earthing up.

Figure 5 - Scheme for adjusting the depth of processing.

Utility Model Implementation

The cultivating cultivating moisture-saving cultivator consists of a beam 1 (Fig. 1) to which the supporting-drive wheels 2 and sections 3 are attached. Sections 3 are parallelogram, four-link: two vertical links 4, 5, the upper link 6 and the lower 7. The links are rigid, unregulated and connected interconnected, which ensures their rotation in a vertical plane.

A row 8 is welded to the rear link 5, into which the rack 9 is inserted with the possibility of moving “up-down” and subsequent fixation with the finger 10. On the rack along its length, holes 11 are drilled 11. A transverse pipe 12 of circular cross section is welded to the end part of the row 8, at the end of which collets 13, 14 are installed. Inside them, holders 15, 16 are inserted on both sides, at the ends of which collets 17, 18 are located. Vertical racks 19, 20 of the tooth discs 21, 22 are inserted into them (FIG. 2). Holders 15, 16 and racks 19, 20 have the ability to rotate around their axes. The holders 15, 16 can be moved "left-right" and fixed with collets 13, 14, and the vertical struts 19, 20 - up-down and fixed with collets 17, 18. The teeth 23 are screwed uniformly around the circumference into the hub 24 of the tooth disk 21 ( 22), based on a bearing assembly 25 (26), the horizontal axis of which is connected to a vertical strut 19 (20).

On the rack 9, left- and right-handed flat-cutting legs 27, 28 are installed. In front of it is a chisel 29, and at the back there is a pipe end switch 30.

The technological process of the cultivator cultivating moisture-saving is as follows.

When the cultivator moves, the plane-cutting paws 27, 28 are buried in the soil to a depth of 5 ... 6 cm. Since the paw crushing angle is 12 °, they cut the weeds without shifting the soil.

Chisel 29 cuts a gap that improves moisture accumulation, aeration, and also serves to accommodate fertilizers introduced during plant nutrition. Fertilizers from fertilizer sowing devices (not shown) enter the pipelines to the limit switches 30. The tooth disks 21, 22 (Fig. 2) that go behind the plane-cutting paws 27, 28 loosen the soil, comb the trimmed weeds, mix them with the soil, forming the upper mulching layer that traps soil moisture.

If it is necessary to process the protective zones, the holders 16, 17 extend, the tooth disks 21, 22 are installed parallel to the direction of movement (Fig. 3) or at a small angle of attack (up to 8 ... 10 °). For earthing up, the tooth disks 21, 22 are turned to the rows at an angle of attack α of up to 25 ° (Fig. 4) and, if necessary, are tilted to a vertical plane, turning the holders 15, 16 in the nozzle 12.

To change the processing depth, the rack 9 is moved up if it needs to be reduced, or down if it is increased (Fig. 5). When lifting the rack 9 up (a), the angle of inclination of the lower link 7 to the horizontal plane (β) increases, when lowering decreases (b). An increase in the angle β leads to a decrease in the depth of processing, a decrease leads to an increase.

where F _in - the force directed vertically upward, N;

F _U - traction, N.

The deepening force F _Z is determined by the following formula:

where F _T is the gravity section of the cultivator, N;

m is the mass of the section, kg

As can be seen from formula (2). The larger the angle β, the smaller the depth of the deepening force, the smaller the depth of processing.

The proposed utility model in comparison with the prototype and known technical solutions has the following advantages:

- the design is simplified by replacing the upper adjustable link of the four link, with unregulated, eliminating the copy rollers, reducing the set of working bodies of the cultivator (weeding harrows, okuchnik, lancet paws, feeding paws, protective shields and discs, etc.);

- an upper mulching layer of soil is created, which prevents evaporation of soil moisture;

- eliminates the survival of weeds due to their full combing.

Claims (3)

1. A cultivating cultivating moisture-saving cultivator containing a beam with support-drive disc wheels, parallelogram sections with ridges and working bodies, fertilizer devices, characterized in that the parallelogram section is made of unregulated links, a rack with left- and right-sided plane-cutting mounted on the bed is mounted paws, behind which there are two tooth discs, freely rotated in horizontal and vertical planes, while a bit is installed in front of the rack, and a trailer koprovoda. 2. The cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the stand is mounted with the possibility of moving "up and down". 3. The cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the tooth discs are mounted with the ability to move "left-right", "up-down".