RU222336U1 - Mounted cultivator for continuous tillage - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely to devices for surface tillage, in particular to cultivators for continuous tillage. The technical result that can be achieved using the proposed utility model boils down to increasing reliability and ease of use, simplifying the design and improving the quality of tillage. The technical result is achieved with the help of a cultivator for continuous tillage, including a frame, an attachment, lancet tines, rollers, and on the supporting frame are mounted an attachment and two rows of universal lancet tines mounted on spring racks, with two sections of needle rakes made of rods with a diameter of 16 mm are installed perpendicular to the movement of the unit with overlapping of the loosening zone; there is also an additional frame 8 with support rollers made of rods with a diameter of 16 mm, connected by two side plates fixed to the ends of a pipe with a diameter of 52 mm, using support bearings and equipped mechanisms for adjusting the depth of tillage. 2 ill.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model relates

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely to devices for surface tillage, in particular to cultivators for continuous tillage.

State of the art

The cultivator cultivates the soil for sowing spring, vegetable and row crops; it is necessary for cultivating fallow fields, as well as for pre-sowing loosening of the top layer of soil.

The cultivator includes a supporting frame with a linkage and two support rollers, two rows of universal pointed tines mounted on spring struts, and two sections of needle rakes. An attachment and a support roller with mechanisms for adjusting the tillage depth are rigidly mounted on the cultivator frame. The needle rake sections are installed at angles of attack, covering the loosening zone. This combination of working bodies will ensure soil preparation with the least energy consumption and improve the quality of the work performed. Adjacent working bodies in successive rows along the direction of travel are installed with overlap. The cultivator includes a supporting frame and an additional one for support rollers, connected through hinges on top of the main frame.

The rake is mounted on an additional frame on hinges; chains are installed nearby for smooth adjustment of the working tilt of the rake.

The use of a utility model will improve the quality of surface tillage.

A cultivator is known for continuous tillage (see information sheet. A.O. "Red Aksai". Trailed wide-cut cultivator KPK-8.0. Rostov-on-Don. 1999. - 2 p.), including a sectional frame, support -transport wheels, adjustment and control mechanism, working parts (loosening arms, behind which there is a compacting-loosening roller attached to the frame).

The disadvantages of the known cultivator for continuous tillage include the fact that when cultivating the soil in the spring-summer period, namely during the pre-sowing period and during fallow maintenance, a significant amount of wet soil is carried to the day surface of the cultivated field, the moisture of which is within 2 hours it completely evaporates.

The removal of moisture by this cultivator occurs due to a number of technological and design deficiencies, which lead to intensive overhang of crop residues and some cut weeds, which, even with vibration devices, are unsatisfactorily thrown off the racks.

A well-known mounted combined cultivator KNK-4 contains a frame, support wheels, an attachment, a mechanism for adjusting the depth of tillage, two rows of pointed shares, one row of disks and rollers. The racks of the pointed paws are rigidly attached to the frame (https://agrocentr-ug.ru/technics/kultivator-navesnoy-kombinirovannyiy-knk-4-knk-4k).

The disadvantage of this cultivator is the low quality of soil cultivation with rear finishing equipment - discs and rollers, which leads to a decrease in the quality of surface leveling, unequal distribution of plant residues and the removal of weeds.

A cultivator for surface tillage of the soil is known [RU 155209 U1, A01B 35/00 (2006.01), 09.27.2015], containing a frame on which a running gear with a rotating support on the soil, a mechanism for adjusting the depth of tillage, and loosening working bodies in the form of lancets are mounted paws, soil-cultivating rollers, which are four sections, combined into two groups of two bar rollers in each and interconnected by rods through a hinge, characterized in that each group of compacting rollers is installed on longitudinal rods, the front ends of which are fixed to the first transverse beam of the frame in the form of a hinged connection with it, and the rear row of rollers of each group is spring-loaded with at least two springs each.

The disadvantage of the known device is the low quality of tillage and insufficient weed cutting.

A known cultivator for pre-sowing tillage [RU 36932 U1, A01B 39/19 (2000.01), 04/10/2004], containing a frame with sections placed on it, including a gauge wheel, a row with working parts, characterized in that the gauge wheel of the section is made ring-shaped - spur, in front of the beam there is a lancet paw equipped with a rod deck, above which an active finger rotor is installed, while chain links are hinged to the ends of the fingers, and a leveling element is located at the end of the beam.

The disadvantage of this design is that the working bodies are driven by the power take-off shaft, which increases the metal and energy consumption of the structure, the cost of its manufacture, the complexity of maintenance and repair.

Known is a mounted cultivator for continuous tillage, containing a supporting frame on which the chassis is mounted, a mechanism for adjusting the depth of tillage, loosening working bodies in the form of pointed paws mounted on S-shaped racks and installed in at least two rows, soil cultivators rollers, which are four sections, combined into two groups of two rod rollers in each and connected to each other by rods through a hinge. In this case, each group of compacting rollers is installed on longitudinal bars, the front ends of which are fixed to the first transverse beam of the frame in the form of a hinged connection with it, and the rear row of rollers of each group is spring-loaded, with at least two springs each (patent RU 155209 U1; IPC A01B 35/00; published September 27, 2015, bulletin No. 27).

The specified cultivator is closest to the proposed one in terms of technical essence and was adopted as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype include the low quality of leveling the top layer of soil after the passage of the loosening working bodies, behind which ridges and furrows with a large number of blocks are formed, which partially crush the rollers, but the ridges and furrows remain unleveled. In addition, the disadvantages include the lack of working bodies that contribute to the uniform distribution of plant residues, the removal of weeds and the crushing of blocks after the passage of the loosening working bodies.

Disclosure of utility model

The objective of the proposed utility model is to improve the quality of continuous tillage.

The technical result that can be achieved using the proposed utility model boils down to increasing reliability and ease of use, simplifying the design and improving the quality of soil cultivation.

The technical result is achieved with the help of a cultivator for continuous tillage, including a frame, an attachment, lancet tines, rollers, whereby an attachment and two rows of universal lancet tines, mounted on spring stands, are attached to the supporting frame, with two sections of needle rakes, made of rods with a diameter of 16 mm, installed perpendicular to the movement of the unit with overlapping of the loosening zone, there is also an additional frame 8 with support rollers made of rods with a diameter of 16 mm, connected by two side plates fixed to the ends of a pipe with a diameter of 52 mm, using support bearings and equipped with mechanisms for adjusting the depth of tillage.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to improve the quality and uniformity of loosening of the top layer of soil.

This result is achieved by converting the trailed cultivator KPS 4.2 into a mounted one, with the removal of the support wheels, which, when hitting the surface of the soil, bounced and changed the depth of tillage, thereby reducing the quality of cultivation. Instead of support wheels, pointed paws were additionally installed. Instead of a drawbar, a hitch is installed.

On the resulting mounted cultivator for continuous tillage, containing a supporting frame with an attachment and two support rollers, two rows of universal pointed shares, mounted on spring struts, and two sections of needle rakes. An attachment and a support roller with mechanisms for adjusting the tillage depth are rigidly mounted on the cultivator frame. The needle rake sections are installed at angles of attack, covering the loosening zone. This combination of working bodies will ensure soil preparation with the least energy consumption and improve the quality of the work performed. Adjacent working bodies in successive rows along the direction of travel are installed with overlap. The rake is mounted on an additional frame on hinges; chains are installed nearby for smooth adjustment of the working tilt of the rake.

Brief description of drawings

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the cultivator.

Figure 2 shows the bearing assembly of the support roller.

Figure 3 shows a 3D model of the cultivator.

Implementation of a utility model

A device for surface tillage, in particular a cultivator for continuous tillage, was developed within the framework of the Priority 2030 program, with the support of scientific projects of young researchers and scientific teams of young researchers of SSAU.

The cultivator consists (Fig. 1) of a supporting frame 1 with an attachment 2 and support rollers 3, two rows of universal pointed arms 4 mounted on spring struts 5, two sections of needle rakes 6. An attachment 2 is rigidly mounted on the frame 1 of the cultivator , support rollers 3 with mechanisms for adjusting the depth of tillage 7. Sections of needle rake 6 are installed perpendicular to the movement of the unit with overlapping of the loosening zone.

The cultivator contains an additional frame 8 for support rollers 3 made of 60x60mm profile.

The support rollers 3 are made of rods 9 with a diameter of 16 mm, connected by two side plates 10, which are fixed to the ends of a pipe 11 with a diameter of 52 mm, using support bearings 12, No. 208 (Fig. 2).

Rakes 6 are made of rod with a diameter of 16 mm; they serve for more efficient processing and for leveling the soil from the trace left by the pointed tines 4 of the cultivator. Rakes 6 are installed on an additional frame 8 on hinges 13.

The mounted cultivator for continuous cultivation works as follows. The cultivator is mounted using hitch 2 on the tractor. Using the adjustment mechanism 7, the depth of tillage is set, the cultivator is lowered to its surface, and movement begins. When the cultivator moves along the cultivated surface, pointed arms 4, mounted on spring-mounted racks 5 on frame 1, moving at a given depth, cut out weeds, rakes 6, installed on an additional frame 8, connected by hinges 13, break up small and medium-sized lumps, and support rollers 3, mounted on a pipe 11, mounted on the side plates 10 of the bearing assembly 12, roll, crumble small pieces of soil and level the treated soil surface with rods 9.

A distinctive feature of the cultivator from other samples, from the point of view of mechanical impact on the soil, is an increased degree of copying of the soil microrelief and more effective destruction of lumps.

Thanks to the increased degree of soil copying and its layer-by-layer processing, the traction force required to move the cultivator is reduced, which significantly increases its productivity in comparison with most other samples, where, as a rule, the soil is cultivated with compaction rollers in one soil horizon, and stable quality of work is ensured technological process.

The technical result that can be achieved using a utility model boils down to increasing reliability and ease of use, simplifying the design and improving the quality of tillage.

Thus, the proposed device allows for better and more efficient continuous tillage of the soil.

Claims (1)

A cultivator for continuous tillage, including a frame, an attachment, lancet tines, rollers, characterized in that an attachment and two rows of universal lancet tines mounted on spring stands are attached to the supporting frame, with two sections of needle rakes made from a rod with a diameter of 16 mm, installed perpendicular to the movement of the unit with overlapping of the loosening zone, there is also an additional frame with support rollers made of rods with a diameter of 16 mm, connected by two side plates, fixed to the ends of a pipe with a diameter of 52 mm using support bearings and equipped with depth adjustment mechanisms tillage.