CZ305744B6 - Agricultural machine for strip cultivation of soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an agricultural machine for strip cultivation of soil, particularly the agricultural machine for strip cultivation of wide-row plants, comprising a frame (1) with at least two cultivation units (2) for loosening strips of soil, has at least two rolls (3, 4), which are arranged one after the other in the direction of the machine movement after the at least two cultivation units (2). Each roll (3, 4) comprises a plurality of spike-teeth (5, 6) arranged on the circumference thereof in at least one point of its axis. The spike-tooth (5) of the front roll (3) is axially shifted relative to the spike-tooth (6) of the rear roll (4), whereby a circle (7), circumscribed by the front roll (3) spike-tooth (5) during the rotation thereof, overlaps the circle (8), circumscribed by the rear roll (4) spike-tooth (6) during the rotation thereof. The spike-teeth (5) of a common front roll (3) and spike-teeth (6) of a common rear roll (4) are arranged in zones (9) behind the at least two cultivation units (2) with the proviso that the width of each zone (9) is less than 60 percent of the pitch (10) of the adjoining cultivation units (2).

Description

(54) Title of the invention.

Agricultural machine for belt tillage (57)

Agricultural machine for belt tillage, in particular agricultural machine for belt tillage of wide row crops comprising a frame (1) on which at least two cultivating units (2) for cultivating soil strips are arranged, comprising at least two rollers (3, 4) which are arranged one after the other in the direction of movement of the machine behind the cultivating units (2). Each of the rollers (3, 4) comprises a plurality of nails (5, 6) arranged on its circumference at at least one point on its axis. The nail (5) of the front cylinder (3) is axially displaced relative to the nail (6) of the rear cylinder (4), the circle (7) circumscribed by the nail (5) of the front cylinder (3) during its rotation overlapping with the circle (8) , circumscribed by the nail (6) of the rear cylinder (4) during its rotation. The nails (5) of one common front roller (3) and the nails (6) of one common rear roller (4) are arranged in the zones (9) behind the cultivating units (2), with the width of each of the zones (9) being less than 60% of the spacing (10) of adjacent cultivating units (2).

Agricultural machine for belt tillage

Field of technology

The invention relates to an agricultural machine for belt tillage, in particular an agricultural machine for belt tillage of wide-row crops, which comprises at least one cultivating unit for loosening soil strips.

Prior art

At present, a number of constructions of agricultural machines for belt tillage are known.

From the patent document CZ 287123 a cultivator is known which has a frame carrying two rows of point arms provided with blades, behind the frame there is a unit containing hollow disks and a crushing roller, which is adjusted in height by a flax over a four-joint system.

Another patent document CZ PV 1991-1147 discloses a machine system, in particular for stubble cultivation and soil preparation and inter-row cultivation of plantations and agricultural crops, which consists of a combination of tools for basic tillage, which consists of a heavy cultivator with a cultivator, fine tillage implements, such as hoes and soil tillage implements, which is a crushing roller.

U.S. Pat. No. 6,681,868 discloses an agricultural machine for belt tillage which comprises cultivating units, a small crushing roller being arranged behind each of these units.

A similar design is known from patent documents US 6871709 and US 8006775.

Patent document US20130192855 further discloses an agricultural machine for belt tillage, which comprises a cultivating unit and behind it, on the arm, two disks arranged obliquely opposite each other, provided with blades for crushing the soil.

It is clear from the above state of the art that existing belt tillage machines have some major disadvantages, these disadvantages being particularly pronounced when treating heavier soils and soils at higher humidity. The technical problem is in particular that the arrangement of the working bodies and their technical solution causes poor loosening on heavier and wetter soils, excessive formation of large clods, sticking and clogging of the rollers and compaction elements. To reduce the formation of clods, narrow chisels are used, which, however, very poorly loosen the soil and at a greater depth only form a groove without the required loosening. When using wider chisels, there is an excessive formation of large lumps, which subsequent cylinders are not able to crush. In addition, in humid conditions, the rollers stick or become clogged and blocked.

The object of the invention is to design an agricultural machine for belt tillage, which will be able to process heavier and wetter soils, with good loosening and without the formation of large clods, gluing and clogging of rollers and compacting elements.

The essence of the invention

These shortcomings are largely eliminated and the objects of the invention are fulfilled by an agricultural machine for belt cultivation of a soil, in particular an agricultural machine for belt cultivation of wide-row crops comprising a frame on which at least two cultivating units for cultivating soil strips according to the invention are arranged. comprises at least two rollers which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the machine behind the cultivating units, where each of the rollers

-1 CZ 305744 B6 comprises a plurality of nails arranged on its circumference at at least one point of its axis, and where the nail of the front cylinder is axially displaced relative to the nail of the rear cylinder, the circle circumscribed by the nail of the front cylinder as it rotates. during its rotation, and wherein the nails of one common front roller and the nails of one common rear roller are arranged in zones behind the cultivating units, the width of each of the zones being less than 60% of the spacing of the adjacent cultivating units. The advantage of this design solution is that it allows the use of wide loosening chisels for high-quality and deep loosening of the soil, with the crushing nail rollers placed one behind the other with nails circumscribed by circles, while cleaning each other during rotation.

Preferably, each roller comprises a plurality of nails arranged on its circumference at at least one location on its axis, most preferably the nails of the front roller and the nails of the rear roller are arranged in the zone behind the cultivating unit. This allows for precise and loosening goals.

The agricultural tillage machine preferably comprises at least two cultivating units and the nails of one common front roller and the nails of one common rear roller arranged in zones behind them.

It is preferred that the width of the zone is less than 60% of the spacing of adjacent cultivating units. This enables precise and targeted tillage of the soil strips that need tillage, while saving energy.

From the point of view of optimizing the tillage, it is advantageous if the at least two individual nails are of different shapes and if the at least two individual nails have different lengths. This makes it possible to optimize and refine the work of the nails, which brings better tillage, while saving energy.

The main advantage of the construction of the agricultural machine for belt tillage of wide row crops according to the invention is that it allows the use of wide cultivating chisels for quality and deep loosening of the soil, while minimizing the formation of large clods, sticking and clogging of rollers and compaction elements. Nail crushing rollers arranged one behind the other overlap, cleaning each other when rotating with nails or other protrusions arranged only in the zones of the treated soil strips, crushing large lumps very efficiently and having a high resistance to sticking. Another advantage is that if the nail crushing rollers overlap several loosening units, the risk of blocking their rotation during work is significantly reduced due to the fact that a large number of nails are in contact with the soil at one time.

Explanation of drawings

The invention will be further elucidated with the aid of the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a side view of an arrangement of cultivating units and nail rollers, Fig. 2 shows a rear perspective view of the whole agricultural machine and Fig. 3 shows a front perspective view of the whole machine.

Example of an embodiment of the invention

The agricultural machine (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) for belt cultivation of wide-row crops comprises a frame 1, on which four cultivating units 2 for cultivating soil strips are arranged. The agricultural machine further comprises two rollers 3, 4 arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the machine behind the cultivating units 2.

Each of the rollers 3, 4 is provided with a plurality of nails 5, 6 arranged on its circumference at eight places of its axis.

-2EN 305744 B6

The nails 5, 6 are arranged on the rollers 3, 4 in the zones 9 behind the cultivating units 2, the nails 5 of the front roller 3 being axially displaced relative to the nails 6 of the rear roller 4 so that the circle 7 circumscribed the nails 5 of one common front roller 3 , overlap with the circles 8 circumscribed by the nails 6 of one common rear cylinder 4 during its rotation.

The width of the zones 9 is less than 60% of the pitch 10 of the adjacent cultivating units 2.

In a variant (not shown), the individual nails 5, 6 have different shapes.

In another variant, not shown, the individual nails 5, 6 have different lengths.

Industrial applicability

The agricultural tillage machine according to the invention can in particular be used for the tillage of wide-row crops.

Claims (3)

Agricultural machine for belt tillage, in particular agricultural machine for belt tillage of wide row crops, comprising a frame (1) on which are arranged at least two cultivating units (2) for cultivating soil strips, characterized in that it comprises at least two rollers ( 3, 4), which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement of the machine behind the cultivating units (2), wherein each of the rollers (3, 4) comprises a plurality of nails (5, 6) arranged on its circumference at at least one point on its axis, and wherein the nail (5) of the front cylinder (3) is axially displaced relative to the nail (6) of the rear cylinder (4), the circle (7) circumscribed by the nail (5) of the front cylinder (3) during its rotation overlapping the circle (8) ) circumscribed by the nail (6) of the rear roller (4) during its rotation, and wherein the nails (5) of one common front roller (3) and the nails (6) of one common rear roller (4) are arranged in zones (9) behind the cultivating units (2) with the proviso that the width of each of the zones (9) is less than 60% of the spacing (10) of the adjacent cultivating units (2). Agricultural machine for belt tillage, according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least two individual nails (5, 6) have different shapes. Agricultural tillage machine according to one of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the at least two individual nails (5, 6) have different lengths.