RU74932U1 - FENCING DESIGN FOR BUILDING A BUILDING - Google Patents

Abstract

The building envelope, containing wall panels made of heat-insulating material fixedly placed in a supporting metal profile, the panels are interconnected to form a single enclosure frame, characterized in that the structure contains single-layer panels containing basalt mineral wool as a heat-insulating material rocks, all wall panels are fixed to the lower harness and in height among themselves, including in the corners, through connecting elements from of corrosion material, and on the top all wall panels are connected around the perimeter by a strapping made of steel framing bent corners and at least two rows of wooden beams, while the metal profile of each panel is fixed to the upper trim.

Description

The utility model relates to construction, in particular to enclosing structures with heat-insulating, sound-proofing and fire-fighting properties of walls and can be used in the construction of pre-fabricated buildings and structures.

Traditional small houses are built from a wooden or metal frame erected on a foundation. Typically, this frame consists of horizontal and vertical posts of wood or metal, which form a load-bearing structure. Heat-insulating panels, usually consisting of a metal profile and a heater between them, are hung on a supporting structure. This type of construction requires a lot of manual labor. Modern construction is distinguished by the use of enclosing wall structures in the form of finished panels that are prefabricated in factories and connected to each other at the construction site. Such wall elements are heavy and require lifting machines to assemble them at the construction site. In addition, the use of ready-made panels does not allow changes to be made to the technology for manufacturing walling at a construction site. The colorful range of such panels is small, and the predefined shape does not allow to solve more complex architectural projects.

The emergence of new building elements and materials allows you to create new building supporting structures, consisting of small and relatively light elements, from which you can easily assemble building envelopes of various sizes, compatible with the foundation and overlap of the building. They allow you to make changes to the configuration of the supporting structure directly on the construction site and implement various architectural projects related to both the shape of the building and the decoration.

For these purposes, it is known to enclose a building made of prefabricated elements in the form of multilayer panels containing a base of plasterboard or profiled sheet, mechanically rigidly connected to a heat-insulating layer made primarily of polystyrene foam. The base of the panel is motionlessly placed in the outer frame of a metal profile that performs the supporting function of the structure. The panels are made not less than the height of the floor of the building being erected. To create a building envelope, the panels are attached by an external supporting frame to the elements of the house frame, for example, foundation or floors, and the panels are connected by external frames to form a single enclosure frame (application RU 2004128777, claim 4, publ. 2006).

The task to which this technical solution is directed is to improve the enclosing structure by replacing multilayer panels with single-layer ones.

In contrast to the known, the claimed design contains panels, which are a single-layer structure consisting of a vertical galvanized profile with a thickness of at least 1 mm., Hermetically filled with a non-combustible mineral wool slab of basalt rocks. The metal profile is load-bearing, and the filler from basalt rocks, performing heat-insulating, sound-insulating and fire-fighting functions, simultaneously serves as the basis of the structure, providing it with additional rigidity. At the same time, to create a building envelope in which the panels would be seamlessly connected with the elements of the house frame - the foundation and ceilings, all wall panels are fixed to the lower trim and in height with each other, including in the corners through connecting elements made of anticorrosive material, and on the top, all wall panels are connected around the perimeter by a strapping of steel framing bent corners and not less

than two rows of wooden beams, while the metal profile of each panel is fixed to the upper trim.

With this design of the fence, the transfer of vertical loads to the wall and window panels is carried out at the joints of the wall panels through the load-distributing elements - a strapping of a wooden beam or steel framing corners fixed to the metal profiles of the panels, on the floor panel - through a hard flooring, supported by metal profiles panels and through the roofing - profiled steel flooring or other roofing material. A new technical result achieved by the utility model consists in the monolithic execution of the entire building envelope for the construction of a building made of single-layer panels.

The constructive solution of the enclosing structure makes it possible to install window and door openings in the building under construction of all basic standard sizes with typical or individual filling of wood, PVC or aluminum. If necessary, device gates, they are attached to steel profiles installed on the foundation. Window and door blocks are attached to steel guide profiles or to frame elements of the opening. There are two options for filling the window-sill space, one of which is filling with wall panels supported by a steel or wooden window-sill, the second involves the installation of window-sills - jumpers.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows the enclosing structure (frontal view of the wall) of interconnected panels 1. The panels are connected according to the notch-comb principle, and are fixed with metal plates 2 made of galvanized steel with a thickness of at least 1 mm. using self-tapping galvanized screws 3. Production of connecting parts from sheet steel according to GOST 19903-74 or strip steel according to GOST 103-76 with anti-corrosion coating in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.03.11, GOST 9.032 is allowed.

The upper tier of panels is attached to the strapping of figure 2 from steel framing bent corners 4 and two rows of wooden timber 5 with a thickness of at least 40 mm., The lower tier is attached to the strapping of figure 3 from steel bent profile 6 of an angular or channel section or figure 4 of wooden strapping beam 7. The lower tier of the wall panels is installed on the verified horizontal surface of the edge of the strip foundation through the strapping attached to the foundation.

Figure 5 presents an embodiment of a window opening from panels. The window-sill panels (jumpers) 8 have a lower (window-sill) frame 9 of two angles connected to the vertical supporting profiles of the frame 10. The extreme profiles 11 of the frame are similar to wall panels. To ensure bending strength in the window-sill panel, intermediate channel profiles 12 are also provided, installed in increments of not more than 500 mm. To enable the jumper panels in operation, it is necessary during installation to ensure a reliable connection of all vertical panel profiles with the upper frame 13 of steel corners, as well as the fastening of the lower frame corners to the vertical guide profiles 11 adjacent to the wall panel opening. The bearing capacity of the jumper panel is mainly due to the strength of the threaded joints of the profiles between themselves. The use of self-tapping screws with a diameter of at least 4.2 mm is recommended. (permissible shear force per screw - 170 kg. with a thickness of profiles 1 mm.) 2 pcs. on one connection. Fasteners should be used galvanized.

The bearing capacity of the panels used allows them to be used as load-bearing structures of buildings with a height of two floors. The use of these panels is also possible for single-story, single- and multi-span buildings up to 4 m high, covered by lightweight rafter structures (steel or wooden beams and trusses).

The use of light wall panels in building envelopes for the construction of buildings is technological, because allows manual installation, without the use of lifting mechanisms. The small overall dimensions of the panels simplify their installation in the design position, temporary fixation and alignment. The design of assembly units using fasteners through steel connecting plates on self-tapping screws does not require highly qualified personnel, the use of welding equipment, and “wet” processes. The design of the joints of the panels practically does not require additional sealing on the site, however, to more fully seal them and fill the cracks that may occur during the installation of panels, it is recommended to use mounting foam or foam seals.

Due to the lightness of the structures and their resistance to sedimentary deformations, there is no need for massive foundations, which makes it possible to build a site under almost any engineering and geological conditions. Due to the fact that the panels are available without external and internal finishing layer, the customer has a large selection of finishing materials. The outer finishing layer is recommended to be carried out on the principle of a ventilated facade. The external enclosing layer can be made in the form of masonry in half a brick, or finished with metal siding, flat panels with decorative stone chips. Can be applied "wet" stucco facade on the grid or other materials. The inner finishing layer can be made of drywall, gypsum plasterboard, sheet pile, PVC sheets, etc.

Claims (1)

The building envelope, containing wall panels made of heat-insulating material fixedly placed in a supporting metal profile, the panels are interconnected to form a single enclosure frame, characterized in that the structure contains single-layer panels containing basalt mineral wool as a heat-insulating material rocks, all wall panels are fixed to the lower harness and in height among themselves, including in the corners, through connecting elements from of corrosion material, and on the top all wall panels are connected around the perimeter by a strapping made of steel framing bent corners and at least two rows of wooden beams, while the metal profile of each panel is fixed to the upper trim.