RU2797155C1 - Frame-panel modular building - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: frame-panel modular building includes stiffening elements, pillars, beams, floor slabs and coverings, load-bearing longitudinal and transverse wall panels, bottom and top panels made solid, and panels with openings, the dimensions of which are unified, to the outer side of which external heat and sound insulating facade modules are attached, which include a load-bearing spatial frame of horizontal, vertical and inclined profiles, load-bearing elements for mounting and fastening to the building frame, heat and sound insulating non-combustible mats, vapor/waterproofing membranes and films, while an air gap is formed between the outer side of the load-bearing wall panel and the heat and sound insulating facade module.

EFFECT: reduction of time of manufacturing and construction of the building.

9 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of frame-panel residential, public and administrative buildings and structures.

Known prefabricated building of universal purpose (RF patent No. 81740), consisting of modules. The module is a frame structure on which windows, wall sandwich panels, etc. are mounted, and are interconnected by bolted connections. In the lower part, the modules have a U-shaped notch and special removable panels, the configuration of which is similar to the U-shaped notch.

The specified building can only be one-story, which is due to the design of the modules of which it consists.

A prefabricated building is known (RF patent No. 107801) containing load-bearing external and internal wall panels, partition panels, floor slabs and coatings, a plinth of foundation blocks, connecting fasteners and heat and sound insulation. Bearing external, internal wall panels and partition panels have the same height and are made with ribs located along the contour of the panels, while floor and roof slabs have the same width and are also made with ribs located along the contour of the plates.

The disadvantages of the known building include the presence of a "cold bridge" in the floor slabs, the absence of heat and sound insulation modules with facade decoration, which reduces the performance of the building.

A frame building is known (RF patent No. 2381334), containing floor slabs with consoles, columns, multilayer outer walls supported on consoles, including inner, middle and facade layers. The front layer is made of piece blocks.

The disadvantages of the known building include the execution of the facade layer of piece blocks, which increases the construction time of the building.

The technical objective of the invention is the creation of a frame-panel modular building, the construction of which is carried out from unified panels and modules that have increased factory readiness, are convenient for installation and transportation, and provide the shortest manufacturing and installation time, taking into account the technology of internal engineering networks.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to reduce the time of manufacture and construction of the building.

An additional technical result consists in reducing the consumption of materials, increasing the manufacturability and environmental friendliness of the construction of the building, which is due to the reduction of construction waste, improving performance and increasing the energy efficiency class of the frame-panel modular building.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the frame-panel modular building includes stiffening elements, racks, beams, floor slabs and coatings, bearing longitudinal and transverse wall (floor, basement and parapet) panels, made solid, and panels made with openings, dimensions which are unified, to the outer side of which external heat and sound insulating facade modules are attached, which include a supporting spatial frame of horizontal, vertical and inclined profiles, load-bearing elements for installation and fastening to the building frame, heat and sound insulating non-combustible mats, vapor / waterproofing membranes and films, at the same time, an air gap is formed between the outer side of the load-bearing wall panel and the heat and sound insulating facade module, intended for laying engineering networks, and the heat and sound insulating facade modules, intended for fastening to load-bearing wall panels with openings, are made as a single block with filling, respectively, window, door and technical openings .

Heat and sound insulating facade modules with filling elements for window, door and technical openings are mounted on load-bearing wall panels with openings.

The dimensions of the heat and sound insulating facade module do not exceed the external dimensions of the outer surface of the supporting panel to which it is attached.

Heat and sound insulating facade modules can be made with facade cladding.

Bearing longitudinal and transverse wall panels are interconnected at least in two places.

Internal engineering networks are installed in the air gap between the outer side of the bearing wall panel and the heat and sound insulating facade module.

Bearing longitudinal and transverse wall panels are made with a width of not more than 2.4 m and a height of not more than 3.3 m, while the thickness of the wall panel is selected based on the requirements for strength, rigidity, stability and other normalized conditions that ensure the safe usability of the building frame.

Floor slabs and coatings are made with a width of 0.3 m to 1.8 m, while the length and height of the slab is determined based on the requirements for strength, rigidity, stability and other normalized conditions that ensure the safe usability of the building frame.

The use of typical unified load-bearing elements during the construction of the building frame allows to reduce the construction time of the building due to the unification of load-bearing panels and modular facades.

Each load-bearing wall, basement and parapet panel has one large-format heat and sound insulating facade module attached from the outside, the dimensions of which do not exceed the external dimensions of the load-bearing panel.

Heat and sound insulating facade modules are made in the factory with facade cladding. Modules are insulated taking into account the climatic conditions of the area of operation of the building and the requirements for the energy efficiency class of the building.

The use of heat and sound insulating facade modules in the building, made in the factory with filling, respectively, window, door and technical openings, designed for attachment to load-bearing wall panels with openings, allows you to reduce the time spent on building a building by eliminating from the construction process operations for installing windows, respectively ( window frames), doors (door frames) and technical hatches. The unification of the filling of window and door openings allows us to provide a variety of architectural and planning solutions in the production of standard products.

The maximum width and height of load-bearing wall panels, the range of widths of floor and floor slabs, as well as the width and height of heat and sound insulating facade modules are determined taking into account the possibility of their optimal transportation by available vehicles (railway, air, auto, sea and other). Fast and convenient transportation, reduced assembly times reduce building construction costs.

The use of building elements, the dimensions of which are unified, as well as large-format elements in the cladding with filled openings, which can be attached to load-bearing panels at the factory, makes it possible to increase the manufacturability of building assembly and reduce its material consumption.

The presence of an air gap between the outer side of the load-bearing wall panel and the heat and sound insulating facade module allows you to quickly install internal engineering networks without affecting the interior decoration of the room, which generally reduces the construction time of the building.

The claimed invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional section through the building.

In FIG. 2, 3 shows the general product range of a frame-panel building.

In FIG. 4-14 shows a three-dimensional model of the building with the sequence of installation of elements of a frame-panel building.

The building is modular, frame-panel and includes vertical elements, horizontal elements and nodal stiffeners.

Vertical elements include wall, basement and parapet panels (solid and / or with window, door and technical openings) and racks. Horizontal elements include floor slabs and coatings, beams, crossbars. Stiffening elements include nodal stiffening ties, spacers, self-supporting prefabricated diaphragm walls.

For the installation of a building from prefabricated frame elements, the use of fast assembly connections of elements and assemblies is provided, and / or:

1) threaded connections;

2) plug connections;

3) gravity connections;

4) welded joints;

5) post-voltage connections;

6) keyed-adhesive connections.

Bearing longitudinal and transverse wall panels are interconnected at least in two places.

Horizontal and vertical loads on the frame are perceived by floor disks and transferred to the bearing longitudinal and transverse panels. The spatial rigidity of the building is provided by the rigidity of the junctions of the floor disks with the bearing panels and the foundation of the building.

The unification of elements is represented by the following standard sizes.

Bearing longitudinal and transverse panels:

- wall panel width: 1.5 m, 1.8 m, 2.4 m.

- wall panel height: no more than 3.3 m.

- thickness of the wall panel: based on the requirements for strength, rigidity, stability and other normalized conditions that ensure the safe usability of the building frame.

Floor slabs and coatings:

- plate width: 0.3 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m, 1.8 m.

- length and height of the slab: based on the requirements for strength, rigidity, stability and other normalized conditions that ensure the safe usability of the building frame.

Materials of prefabricated frame elements: solid homogeneous or composite panels (composite concrete, concrete polymers, polymers, etc.), or spatial load-bearing blocks of bar elements with sheathing of the outer planes with sheet materials to organize the internal planes of the building.

Large-format heat and sound insulating modules are made deaf and filled with window, door and technical openings. Heat and sound insulation modules are manufactured at the factory, and their composition includes:

- load-bearing space frame made of horizontal, vertical and inclined profiles (aluminum, galvanized steel sheets),

- load-bearing elements for installation and fastening on the building frame,

- thermal insulation with non-combustible slab insulation in accordance with the energy efficiency class of the building, the climatic conditions of the operating area and the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological standards,

- sound insulation with slab sound-absorbing mats in accordance with the required level of sound insulation,

- steam / waterproofing membranes and films,

- if necessary, the facade finishing layer and the installed filling of the opening (window or door frame).

The load-bearing spatial frame is a geometrically rigid structure designed to withstand external loads and impacts from its own weight, atmospheric influences (wind, ice), overlying structures, hanging and decorative elements.

Mounting modules on the building frame is carried out using load-bearing elements (brackets) for mounting, with the ability to adjust the position of the module relative to the building in three planes.

To provide additional rigidity of the facade of the building, the insulation modules are fastened to each other in at least two places.

The building (Fig. 1) includes a foundation 1, bearing half-storey outer 2-3 and inner 4-5 panels, bearing storey outer 6-11 and inner 12-14 panels, floor slabs 15, 16, 17, half-storey 19-20 and storey 21-22 solid modules, and modules with filled window and door openings 23-25, half-story 26 and floor 27 solid additional modules, corner half-story 28 and floor 29 modules, heat and waterproofing roofing 30 and parapet 31. Installation of the building is carried out as follows :

Known foundations 1 are made of concrete of the "Insulated Swedish slab" (UShP) or "Insulated Finnish foundation" (UFF) type, taking into account the requirements for the strength and deformability of the soil base. If it is necessary to ensure the seismic resistance of the building, the foundation insulation layer is supplemented with a layer of elastomeric vibration damping mats (EDM) in accordance with the technology of the EDM manufacturer.

According to the marked axes and the installed mortgage-guides, load-bearing half-storey outer 2-3 and inner 4-5 panels and load-bearing storey outer 6-9 panels are installed at the level of the day surface. For the device of wide openings, panels of portal openings 18 are installed. First of all, corner panels are mounted to ensure the vertical stability of the panels during installation. Panels are mounted diagonally from the outer corner of the building to the inner corner of the room. To ensure the design position of the panels in height, the horizontal seams between the panels are filled with a high-strength polymer binder. Vertical seams between panels are sealed with polymer or binder compositions.

Floor slabs 15, 16, 17 are installed on the installed load-bearing basement and floor panels. To ensure the horizontal rigidity of the frame, the floor slabs are connected to each other and to the load-bearing wall and basement panels by nodal stiffness ties.

The device of the second and subsequent tiers is carried out by installing load-bearing storey outer 6-11 and inner 12-14 panels, and also, for the final tier, half-storey outer 2-3 panels are installed. Mounting of load-bearing panels is carried out in the same way as mounting panels of the lower tier. Floor slabs 15, 16, 17 are installed on the installed load-bearing floor panels, similarly to the slabs of the lower tier.

Outside the mounted frame panels, engineering networks of heating systems and power supply are laid. Networks are carried out in accordance with the current standards for the installation of networks and the required design characteristics of the actually installed building. Leads to connected devices are made through the frame panels, in accordance with the arrangement of devices / leads.

After the installation of engineering network highways, facade heat and sound insulating modules are mounted using power elements (brackets), in the following sequence:

- half-storey 19-20 and storey 21-22 solid modules, and modules with filled window and door openings 23-25.

- half-floor 26 and floor 27 solid additional modules, and corner half-floor 28 and floor 29 modules.

The installation is completed with the installation of a well-known thermal waterproofing roofing 30 (operated/non-operated/vegetated) and a parapet 31 from known small-piece blocks on a polymer binder.

After the installation of the supporting frame and the warm contour of the building, the installation of internal elements of engineering networks and interior decoration is carried out in the traditional way.

Claims (9)

1. Frame-panel modular building, including stiffening elements, pillars, beams, floor slabs and coverings, load-bearing longitudinal and transverse wall panels, socle and parapet panels, made solid, and panels with openings, the dimensions of which are unified, to the outer side of which are attached external heat and sound insulating facade modules, which include a bearing spatial frame of horizontal, vertical and inclined profiles, load-bearing elements for mounting and fastening to the building frame, heat and sound insulating non-combustible mats, vapor / waterproofing membranes and films, while between the outer side of the bearing wall panel and an air gap is formed by the heat and sound insulating facade module. 2. A frame-panel modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that one external heat- and sound-insulating facade module is attached to each load-bearing wall, basement and parapet panels. 3. A frame-panel modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that external heat and sound insulating facade modules are attached to the load-bearing wall panels with openings with filling window, door and technical openings. 4. Frame-panel modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimensions of the heat and sound insulating facade module do not exceed the outer dimensions of the outer surface of the carrier panel to which the module is attached. 5. Frame-panel modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat and sound insulating facade modules are made with facade cladding. 6. Frame-panel modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that the load-bearing wall panels are interconnected in at least two places. 7. Frame-panel modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing longitudinal and transverse wall panels are made with a width of not more than 2.4 m and a height of not more than 3.3 m, while the thickness of the wall panel is selected based on strength requirements , rigidity, stability and other normalized conditions that ensure the safe operational suitability of the building frame. 8. Frame-panel modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that the floor slabs and coatings are made from 0.3 m to 1.8 m wide, while the length and height of the slab is determined based on the requirements for strength, rigidity, stability and other normalized conditions that ensure the safe operational suitability of the building frame. 9. A frame-panel modular building according to claim 1, characterized in that internal engineering networks are installed in the air gap between the outer side of the bearing wall panel and the heat and sound insulating facade module.

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