RU2796493C1 - Modular-combined irrigation system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: modular-combined irrigation system contains an irrigated area, a water source, a pumping station, a pump for a one-time charge of a siphon spillway, a main pipeline with successively placed water distribution units, an irrigation module with sprinkling machines with pipelines. The irrigation system is equipped with drip and subsoil irrigation areas, additional water treatment units and agrochemical units for drip and subsoil irrigation modules. Additional water treatment units are connected by means of intermodular pipelines to the irrigation module with sprinkling machines.

EFFECT: high-quality and timely irrigation of areas of complex shape within the irrigated array is ensured by combining irrigated modules with various irrigation methods in a plain zone.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to irrigation melioration and can be used in the design of irrigated areas of complex configuration.

Known irrigation system, which includes a water source, a pumping station with shut-off valves and a pressure gauge, a main pipeline, successively installed distribution pipelines of subsoil and drip irrigation, irrigation pipelines distributed in parallel along the length of the distribution pipelines and perpendicular to them with a given step humidifiers in the form of pipes with subsoil perforations irrigation and flexible irrigation pipelines with drip outlets (patent RU 2346427, Ovchinnikov et al., 20.02.2009).

The disadvantage of this technical solution, in relation to the technical problem we are solving, is that the use of a combination consisting of only two modules (irrigation methods) - subsoil and drip irrigation is not enough for the most complete and high-quality irrigation within the irrigated array. To irrigate fields of complex configuration, including areas where sprinkler irrigation is required, it is also necessary to use multi-support circular sprinklers in a combination of modules.

An irrigation system is also known, including sprinklers and subsoil pipes-moisturizers that implement combined subsoil irrigation. Irrigation water is supplied through subsoil humidifier pipes and, under the action of capillary forces, is distributed in an upward flow in the soil along the roots of plants. In the next 48 hours, one-time sprinkling irrigation is carried out, then 1-3 sprinkling irrigations are carried out, which ensures maximum simultaneous germination of seeds and the possibility of regulating the microclimate in crops of small-seeded agricultural crops during the period of maximum water consumption to increase their productivity (the method of combined intrasoil irrigation of small-seeded agricultural crops ( patent RU 2743380 C1, Ovchinnikov et al., February 17, 2021).

A disadvantage of the known irrigation system is its limited capacity, which does not allow its use in areas of complex configuration.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is a multi-support circular sprinkling machine (options) (RU 2562214 C2, Shchedrin et al, 09/10/2015), which improves the quality of irrigation for irrigating fields of various configurations. When irrigating fields of complex configuration (square or rectangular), a multi-support sprinkling machine is moved with a constant width of the irrigation strip in a circle around the vertical axis of symmetry of hydrants located at a distance equal to the length of the machine from each other; when moving from the starting position, the direction of rotation around the vertical axes of symmetry is maintained hydrants, and the return of the sprinkling machine to its original position is carried out along an adjacent, previously unirrigated lane.

According to another option, the rotation of the sprinkling machine is made around the vertical axes of symmetry of the hydrants in a clockwise direction, then the movement of the machine is repeated counterclockwise around the vertical axes of symmetry of the hydrants of an additional row, which are located at the ends of the branches from the water supply network opposite the main hydrants at a distance equal to the length of the sprinkling machine, while maintaining the general direction of movement along the irrigation strip.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the use for one type of irrigated fields due to the use of sprinkling machines of only circular action, which causes difficulty in the formation of high-quality irrigation and complete coverage of areas of complex shape (with alternating irrigation methods in them), within the irrigated array, where the use of combined irrigated modules with various irrigation methods, including irrigated modules for subsoil and drip irrigation.

The objective of the invention is to create a modular irrigation system with hydraulically interconnected areas for irrigating crops, using various types of irrigation: sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation, subsoil irrigation.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to expand the functionality and ensure high-quality and timely irrigation of areas of complex shape within the irrigated array, by combining irrigated modules with different irrigation methods in a flat zone.

The specified technical result is achieved by a modular-combined irrigation system, including an irrigated area, a water source, a pumping station, a pump for a one-time charge of a siphon spillway, a main pipeline with successively placed water distribution nodes, an irrigation module with sprinkling machines with pipelines, which is equipped with drip and subsoil irrigation areas, additional water treatment units and agrochemical units for drip and subsoil irrigation modules, while additional water treatment units are connected via intermodular pipelines to the irrigation module by sprinkling machines.

The modular-combined irrigation system is illustrated by the drawing in the figure, where schematically (horizontals with marks 95 ... 180) a modular irrigation system is presented with three working modules located on tiers I, II, III (irrigation area with sprinkling machines, drip irrigation area, subsoil irrigation area) .

The modular irrigation system of the combined network includes a pumping station located on three tiers (I ... III) of the water source (1), a pump for a one-time charge of the siphon spillway (2), a main pipeline (3) with successively placed water distribution units (6), (11), respectively on the modules of I and II tiers, a section for irrigation with sprinkling machines (7), a pressure-accumulating pipeline (5) of the I tier (horizontals 110…140), pipelines (9) of the irrigation network for the irrigation module with sprinkling machines of the III tier. Pressure-storage pipeline (10) of II tier (horizontals 100…110) Water treatment unit (12), agrochemical unit (13) for drip irrigation module, drip irrigation section (14), intermodular pipeline (19). Water distribution unit (15) of the III tier, water treatment unit (16) of the III tier (horizontals 95…110), agrochemical unit for the subsoil irrigation module (17) of the III tier, subsoil irrigation site (18).

The system provides a sump (4) in front of the main pipeline and water distribution units (6, 11, 15) for each module, located at the junction of irrigated areas with the main pipeline. The water treatment unit (12, 16) is used to purify irrigation water to the required level, from where water enters the agrochemical unit 13, 17) for the purpose of preparing technological solutions, from which irrigation water or solution is supplied to the irrigation network of the corresponding module. If necessary, the layout and design scheme of the irrigation system may include two irrigation modules, for example, a sprinkling irrigation module and a drip irrigation module, and, if necessary, more than two irrigation modules.

The sequence of arrangement of irrigated modules with different irrigation methods along the route of the main pipeline (3), (5) depends on the specific conditions of the irrigated massif: slopes of the earth's surface, existing forest belts, roads (entrances), location of the water source unit with pumping station 2, and so on. Hydraulic calculation to substantiate the parameters of pipelines in the declared combined scheme of the irrigation network should be performed taking into account the distance of the most remote irrigation site from the water intake point.

As part of the proposed irrigated array, as the main irrigation module (irrigation site), we propose irrigation with sprinkling machines. In areas of complex configuration, within the irrigated array, the areas left unused by the sprinkling irrigation module are recommended to be used for drip irrigation modules and subsoil irrigation modules, while various irrigation methods make it possible to grow those crops for which these irrigation methods are applicable (gardens , vineyards).

The modular watering system of the combined network works as follows. Water intake into the main main pipeline (3) of a combined section in the conditions of a flat zone is carried out by pumping irrigation water (1) with subsequent settling in a sump (4) (regulating basin). After the sump 4, the water is sent to the supply line (5) directly to the irrigated areas of the 1st tier. All irrigation modules are provided with irrigation water from a single main pipeline (3, 5) (without the installation of additional water intake structures), which is why the operation of the modules must be coordinated with each other.

To ensure the rational use of the power of the pumping station, the water supply network and the efficient use of water resources, the water supply schedule is made up of the condition of uniform irrigation of the land during the day (sprinkling is carried out during the day, and drip irrigation and subsurface irrigation are performed around the clock, including at night ), as well as the irrigation season.

If necessary, the water prepared in the water treatment unit (12) and the agrochemical unit (13) of the drip array can be transferred to the subsoil irrigation site (18) to ensure the rational use of water resources and nutrient solution that remained (not useful) after drip irrigation. The transfer of filtered water and the prepared nutrient solution can also be carried out in the opposite direction (from the water treatment unit (16) and the agrochemical unit (17) of subsoil plots to drip irrigation). For these purposes, an intermodular pipeline (19) is provided in the design scheme. The inventive system makes it possible to combine irrigated modules with different irrigation methods and their alternate use in irrigation plots of complex shape within an irrigated array and can be used in the design of irrigated plots of complex configuration.

Thus, the proposed system achieves the claimed technical result - expanding functionality and ensuring high-quality and timely irrigation of areas of complex shape due to the possibility of alternately using several different irrigation modules required for irrigation areas of complex shape.

Claims (1)

Modular-combined irrigation system, including an irrigated area, a water source, a pumping station, a pump for a one-time charge of a siphon spillway, a main pipeline with successively placed water distribution units, an irrigation module with sprinkling machines with pipelines, characterized in that the irrigation system is equipped with drip and subsoil irrigation areas, additional water treatment units and agrochemical units for drip and subsoil irrigation modules, while additional water treatment units are connected via intermodular pipelines to the irrigation module by sprinkling machines.

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