SU1335188A1 - Irrigation system for combination watering of agricultural crops of rice rotation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, irrigation systems for combined irrigation of agricultural crops of rice crop rotation. The purpose of the invention is to increase the land ratio 10 S T P P R 12 9 9 11 / / & / / / / / / use by reducing the length of the channels and reducing the number of hydraulic structures. The system includes water supply and drainage networks, irrigation cards, divided into checks by transversal inter-partitions. These partitions are located one from another at a distance, mainly equal to the width of the irrigation equipment. Kart irrigation canals and discharges are introduced into the system, interconnected by discharges - irrigators, which pass along transverse inter-sectional partitions. Kart irrigation canals are made in a half-drain-half-pile, and their bottom is laid at a depth sufficient to perform drainage functions. Kart irrigation canals are equipped with end hydraulic structures with water outlets interfacing with collectors. 4 il. (L

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to irrigation systems of rice fields, and can be used in the construction and reconstruction of rice systems.

The purpose of the inventions is to increase the land use ratio by reducing the length of the canals and reducing the number of hydraulic structures.

Figure 1 presents a fragment of the proposed irrigation system plan; Fig. 2 shows a section A-A in Fig. 1 (along a transversal inter-sectional partition with a discharge-sprinkler passing along it and a sprinkler irrigation machine / SCHA-GrOMA); in Fig. 3, the proposed irrigation system, the plan. In Fig. 4, the irrigation system, the plan, is known.

The irrigation system contains a district distributor 1, a district discharge 2 and located between them and perpendicular to them kart irrigation channels 3 with hydraulic structures (water outlets) 4 located at the beginning of channel 3, serving to connect it with the district distributor 1, and with hydraulic structures ( water outlets) 5 at the end, serving to connect it to the local discharge 2,

Parallel to the map irrigation canals 3, at some distance from them, are located the map outlets 6 with hydraulic structures 7, which serve to connect them with the local discharge 2.

These kart irrigation canals 3 and discharges 6 are interconnected by canals — irrigation discharges 8, made parallel to precinct distributors 1 and precinct discharges 2, Discharge sprinklers 8 of unilateral command are supplied with hydraulic structures (outlets) 9 connecting them with card irrigations - veins channels 3, and structures (water outlets) 10 connecting them with card faults 6,

Drops-sprinklers 8 have one side facing the serviced check 1 i, performed at the level of the check plane. When filling channel 8 through this side of the water, flowing over the entire front, fills check 11, the other side of channel 8 has an embankment that

351882

it is an intercellular partition and at the same time serves as a passage for sprinkling machines during irrigation.

Along precinct distributors 1 and discharges 2, as well as along cardiac discharges 6, roads 12 are arranged.

Card drops 6 have a sufficient depth of the bottom and perform also the functions of drainage channels, and the distance b between them, called the intermediate distance, is chosen in accordance with the expression

„Ь.

where b is the international distance;

t - depth of drainage

channels;

20 N - the rate of drainage determined by the requirements of the cultivated crop;

h is the depth of the drainage channel; 25 tg / 1 - tangent angle of depression,

defined by the properties of the soil.

It is advisable, however, that the kart irrigation canal 3 of bosom 30 is made with the laying of the bottom to a sufficient depth to perform drainage functions during the period of its emptying. In this case, the length of the sprinklers (channels) 8 is chosen 25 equal to the interline distance b, the outcome of the same mathematical expression.

This will significantly (twice) increase the length of the check 11. If 40 in normal conditions for the Krasnodar Territory the intermediate distance is 400 m, then if the cart irrigator 3 is made of a conventional construction, the check will be 200 m. I., B / 2. If 45 kart irrigation canal 3 is sunk, then the length of the check is 400 m. The width of the check 11 is chosen to be equal to the width of the irrigation equipment, which, moving through channel 8, should 5Q check the checks 11 on either side of the passage. Thus, taking into account the capture of one wing of a sprinkler, equal to 60 m, in practice, the width of checks is 120 m, and the width of

Plot checks 13 60 m.

Drainage channels 14 are running along the district distributor 1.

Channels 8 are performed with a throughput providing normal 31

The work of the irrigation machine, while the water level in the channel 8 must be such that the water does not inhibit the crops on adjacent checks. If necessary, a closed porous or perforated tubular network or mole cells can be connected to the check channel. The role of the tubular network or mole cells can be double; both to improve the drainage of checks, and for subsurface irrigation.

To intercept the most active part of the upstream groundwater flow, improve the thermal conditions of the soil and prevent salts from reaching the plant roots in saline and marshy areas of the irrigation system with differences between checks of more than 0.3-0.4 m, channels 8 cutoff drains.

As a watering machine, dual-console sprinkler units or long-range sprinkler heads can be used. In addition to receiving waste water from sprinkler discharges 8, kart waste faults-drainages 6 lower groundwater in the adjacent territory, and they also perform a drainage function.

If it is necessary to irrigate crop rotation crops along furrows, irrigation furrows are cut perpendicularly to the check channel 8 and connected to this channel.

The water supply and discharge in the system is carried out as follows.

From the district distributor 1, through the water outlet 4, water is supplied to the kart irrigation channel 3, while the outlet 5 at the end of the irrigation channel 3 is closed. From the irrigation canal 3 through the water outlet 9 when the water outlet 10 is closed, water is supplied to the relief-irrigator 8, while when irrigating with sprinkling water in the discharge irrigator 8 it should be sufficient for normal operation of the irrigation machine, while the water level in the discharge irrigator should to be such that water does not inhibit crops on adjacent checks 11, from the discharge-sprinkler 8 water is taken up by the suction device of the irrigation machine and is fed in the form of rain on the checks 11, the number of discharge-sprinklers 8, into which water is simultaneously fed, depends on with available irrigation ma

five

50

Q

five

0

five

88

tires. During irrigation with flooding, the creation and maintenance of a layer of water on checks 11 is performed by overflowing discharges 8. During irrigation by overflow, water on checks 11 is also supplied by overflowing dischargers-irrigators 8, however, the delivery time is limited by the irrigation rate. When irrigating the furrows, the water horizon in the check channels 8 is supported so that water flows into the irrigation grooves. When subsurface irrigation water in the check channels 8 should be sufficient to fill the tubular network or mole 15 along the entire length.

Water is discharged from checks 11 through vodovshuski 10 into kart discharges-drains 6. Discharge, seepage and groundwater are removed from the system both during the growing season and during the non-vegetation periods through card 6 and precinct 2 discharges. During off-irrigation periods, filtering and groundwater are also discharged through the crank irrigation canal 3. When comparing Figs 3 and 4, there are obvious advantages of the proposed irrigation system (the land use ratio is increased, the specific length of the canals is reduced, the number of hydraulic structures is reduced).

Claims (1)

The invention of the irrigation system for the combined irrigation of agricultural crops of rice crop rotation, including water supply and drainage networks, irrigation maps, divided into checks by cross-sectional partitions, in order to increase the land use ratio by reducing the channel extension and reducing the number of hydraulic structures, kart irrigation canals and discharges are introduced into it, interconnected by irrigation discharges passing through s mezhduchekovyh transverse partitions, wherein the Cartesian irrigation channels formed in poluvyemke- polunasshi with sufficient for emplacement depth in the bottom of performing a drainage function and provided with end hydrostructures E discharge outlets, mating with the collectors. . ff fi / 77 .Z that ( Compiled by L.Serova Editor I.Nikolaychuk Tehred M.Didyk Corrector V.But ha Order 3990 / 3Tirage 627 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4