RU2789915C1 - Method for firing a mine and the device implementing it - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military technology.

SUBSTANCE: mortar contains a base and a barrel. The barrel in the breech has a ball bearing pivotally connected through the rack to the base, and the muzzle of the barrel moves along the guides on sliding bearings in the horizontal direction. The mortar contains a self-locking rotary mechanism, a battery, a radio-controlled electric motor, on the shaft of which a gear moving along the rail is fixed. A method for firing a mine, in which mortars are installed depending on the width of the enemy’s offensive lane. The mortar is charged from the muzzle first with a knock-out charge inside the barrel, then a mine is put on the muzzle of the barrel, the tail part with seals is inserted into the barrel, while the grenade is located on the muzzle. When the “fire” command is given, an electric discharge is applied to the propellant charge, which throws the mine to a height of 3-30 meters, where it explodes under the action of the fuse, while it is possible to adjust the fire along the front due to the rotary mechanism.

EFFECT: expansion of the functionality of the complex of mortar weapons with a muzzle-loading mortar, reducing the weight and size characteristics, providing the possibility of remote control of firing by the operator.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of artillery, mainly to the complexes of mortar weapons and methods of firing from them. Currently, mortars are widely used in combat operations in local wars against enemy units equipped with modern means of observation and movement, rapid detection and destruction of firing points.

A well-known design of a domestic 82 mm mortar (see Technical description and operating instructions 2B14-1.00 TO, Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense, 1990, p. 6 ... , and a ball heel with a cylindrical groove made on it, a base plate with a ball seat in the center for placing and fixing the breech ball heel and an inlet equal to the diameter of the cylindrical groove of the ball heel, and a bipedal carriage containing the HV and GN mechanisms and the leveling mechanism with L-shaped handles equipped with a hub with a counterweight, a clip, a shock absorber, a sight mount, two racks.

In this mortar, the barrel is also several times longer than the length of the mine and is rigidly connected to the breech on the thread, the shock absorber contains a rod fixed at one end in the body of the GN mechanism, and at the other, equipped with a guide bush, in the hole of the body, made in the form of a hollow cylinder installed parallel to the pipe in a hole located at the bottom of the cage, and a spring installed between the highlander of the guide sleeve and the bottom of the cylinder. The clip is made for rigid fastening of the pipe in it and consists of a semi-clip, a basting and a clamp. The lower ends of the posts are interconnected by a chain, the leveling mechanism is fixed on the middle part of one of the posts and is connected by a movable part to the body of the VN mechanism with the possibility of quick detachment, and the attachment point of the sight is located on the body of the GN mechanism.

Such a mortar has greater combat effectiveness than the 60 mm "classic" mortar, however, it also has less mobility due to the large mass and the need to separately carry its components, requiring numerous combat crews (five people).

A well-known design is a 60 mm mortar in the performance of "Commando" ("silent" mortar TN8111 / France /; T10 and T13 mortars from VALENTEC / USA /; mortars HM12, HM13 from HADID / Iran /, see Janes Infantry Weapons. 1998-1999, p. 410), including a pipe with a breech equipped with a device for initiating a propellant charge of a shot, consisting of a striker, a percussion mechanism and a cocking mechanism, and a ball heel, a base plate with a ball socket in the center for placing and fixing the ball heel of the breech and a clip with a mounted on her longitudinal level. Moreover, in it the pipe is less than or approximately equal to the length of the mine, the breech is fixed in the node of the ball heel of the base plate without the need for disassembly, the holder is fixedly fixed on the pipe, selected as a prototype.

Such a mortar has high mobility, low weight and small dimensions, which allows it to be transferred without disassembly to its component parts, however, it has low combat effectiveness due to the small caliber and low shooting accuracy associated with holding it when firing with hands.

Mortar firing is carried out as follows:

- before loading, the safety mechanisms with spring-loaded stoppers are in the “open” position, while the stoppers are located in the path of the regular mine, but do not prevent the free passage of its shank with a propellant charge attached to it;

- when loading, a regular mine, passing through the fuse from double loading, presses its rear ogival part on the stopper, while the safety mechanisms turn and take the “closed” position, blocking the bore and thereby preventing the loading of the mortar with a second regular mine;

- when fired, propellant gases breaking through the guaranteed gap between the standard mine and the bore of the propellant charge discard the safety mechanisms, freeing the bore for the departure of the standard mine, which leaves the bore without coming into contact with the safety mechanisms;

- after the shot and the end of the action of the powder gases of the propellant charge, the safety mechanisms under the action of the springs return to the "open" position before loading.

This method of firing limits the functionality of the mortar in terms of the use of guided munitions (mines). Their use requires the exclusion of the impact of the pressure of the bursting powder gases of the propellant charge on the body parts of guided munitions, which include elements of the control system (GLONASS / GPS antennas, optical elements, non-folding control rudders, etc.), as a rule, placed on the outer surface of the guided munition and without power protection. The powder gases rushing forward affect the above elements of the control system and destroy them or, at least, put them out of service.

The purpose of the proposed technical solution is to expand the functionality of the mortar armament complex with a muzzle-loading mortar with low weight and dimensions, by providing the possibility of firing at a distance from the operator with radio control and the possibility of installing a barrier line in front of the advancing enemy.

This goal is achieved by the fact that a non-separable device with small dimensions of 300 * 300 * 300 mm ³ and a weight of 5 kg with the ability to control firing via a radio channel and pointing along the horizon is proposed as a mortar. Loading is carried out from the muzzle of the device, first with a propellant charge, then the tail is installed in the mine barrel. The “fire” command is given over the radio channel, while the propellant charge throws out a mine and it explodes at a height of 3-10 meters with a fuse.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows the main view of the mortar, in Fig. 2 - top view. The mortar consists of a base 1, a barrel 2, a propellant charge 3 and a mine 9, in which the barrel in the breech has a ball bearing 4, hinged through the rack 5 with the base 1, and the muzzle of the barrel 2 moves along the guides 12, 13 on sliding bearings 9, 11 in the horizontal direction by a self-locking rotary mechanism containing a battery 6 controlled via a radio channel 7, an electric motor 15, on the shaft of which a gear 8 is fixed, moving along the rail 14.

The principle of operation of the proposed device.

Depending on the width of the enemy offensive zone, mortars are installed in a line at a distance of 500-1000 meters from the front edge with an interval of 10-20 meters in the direction of the advancing enemy, the mortar is loaded from the muzzle, first an expelling charge is inserted into the barrel, then a mine is put on the muzzle of the barrel while the tail section with seals is inserted into the barrel, and the grenade is located on the muzzle, when the “fire” command is given, an electric discharge is applied to the propellant charge, which throws the mine to a height of 3-10 meters, where it explodes under the action of the fuse, while it is possible adjustment of fire along the front due to the rotary mechanism.

Using a mortar in defense when firing mines stuffed with ready-made lethal elements, significant losses in enemy manpower are achieved. Due to the small size and weight, the mortar can be installed by 1 operator.

Claims (2)

1. A mortar consisting of a base and a barrel, characterized in that the barrel in the breech has a ball bearing pivotally connected to the base through a rack, and the muzzle of the barrel moves along guides on sliding bearings in the horizontal direction by a self-locking rotary mechanism containing a battery controlled via a radio channel, an electric motor, on the shaft of which a gear is fixed, moving along a rack. 2. A method of firing a mine, characterized in that, depending on the width of the enemy offensive zone, mortars are installed in a line at a distance of 500-1000 meters with an interval of 10-20 meters from the front edge in the direction of the advancing enemy, the mortar is loaded from the muzzle first with an expelling charge inward barrel, then a mine is put on the muzzle of the barrel, the tail with seals is inserted into the barrel, the grenade is located on the muzzle, when the “fire” command is given, an electric discharge is applied to the propellant charge, which throws the mine to a height of 3-30 meters, where it explodes under the action of a fuse, while it is possible to adjust the fire along the front due to the rotary mechanism.

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