RU2770013C1 - Device for cutting plates - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction, more specifically to cutting tools used for cutting tile materials: ceramic tiles, porcelain stoneware, glass, etc. The device comprises a guide containing a lower surface placed on the plate being cut, an upper surface opposite to it, and at least one side face connecting them, perpendicular to the lower surface, and a carriage. In this case, the carriage contains a cutting unit and two pairs of running rollers, and is mounted on a guide with the cutting unit located on the side of the said side face. The running rollers of the carriage, placed on one side with the cutting unit, are made with the possibility of rolling along this edge, and the running rollers of the other pair are made with the possibility of rolling along the upper surface of the guide. At the same time, the axes of the running rollers of the other pair are deviated from the orthogonal position with respect to the axes of the rollers of the first pair by an angle of 5-35°.EFFECT: elimination of requirements for strict conformity of the shape and geometrical parameters of the running gear of the carriage and the guide, and in expanding the possibilities of the carriage with a number of guides.7 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention belongs

The present invention relates to the field of construction, more specifically to cutting tools used for cutting tile materials: ceramic tiles, porcelain stoneware, glass, etc.

State of the art

The design of any mechanical desktop tile cutter involves the presence of two main components: a carriage that carries the cutting unit, and one or a pair of guides along which the carriage moves, see patents CN 1420005, publ. May 28, 2003, WO2014154811, publ. 10/02/2014, US11014266 B2, 05/25/2021, EA 201100554, 12/30/2011, CN107405787, 11/28/2017, CN201329620, 10/21/2009.

The carriage has two possible versions, in the first of which it is made with the possibility of sliding along the guide (slider), and in the second it is equipped with at least two pairs of running rollers for the possibility of rolling along the guide.

In the case of a single guide, as a rule, the running rollers of the carriage are fixed mirror-symmetrically and interact with the opposite surfaces of the guide, in which grooves are usually made for rolling the rollers.

For the convenience of controlling the carriage, a handle (handle, lever) is used. Additionally, the tile cutter may include a base plate (base), on which guides (or a guide), various stops, tile breaking elements, etc. are rigidly fixed by means of racks.

The disadvantages of all known analogues include the fact that the carriage can only work in tandem with a strictly defined guide having the appropriate dimensions, shape and location of the contact surfaces. If the guide is damaged or worn, the performance of the device can only be restored by replacing it with a new identical one. It is impossible to make an exact copy of a worn guide in artisanal conditions, it is problematic to buy, and therefore, a damaged device is usually thrown away and a new one is purchased.

As the closest analogue, according to the presence of features similar to the essential features of the proposed technical solution, a device for cutting plates was selected, the design of which is disclosed in the German patent DE 1421792(A1), publ. 10/31/1968, IPC: C03B33/02.

The closest analogue is characterized by the following features, similar to the essential features of the proposed technical solution. The known device for cutting plates includes a carriage with a cutting unit and two pairs of running rollers, and a guide containing a lower surface placed on the surface of the plate to be cut, opposite the lower upper surface and connecting them with a side face perpendicular to the lower surface. The carriage is mounted on the guide with the cutting assembly located on the side of the mentioned side face, while the running rollers of one pair, fixed on the carriage on the same side with the cutting assembly, are made with the possibility of rolling along the mentioned side face of the guide.

In the closest analogue, the running rollers of the second pair interact with the second side face of the guide opposite the first one, while longitudinal grooves are formed in the side faces of the guide to move the rollers.

As in other well-known solutions, in the closest analogue, the geometric parameters of the chassis of the carriage and the contact surfaces of the guide are rigidly interconnected, which excludes the possibility of using the carriage after the guide fails or is lost.

The present invention is directed to solving the mentioned problems.

The achieved technical result of the invention is to eliminate the strict requirements for matching the shape and geometrical parameters of the chassis of the carriage and the guide, expanding the possibilities of using the carriage, providing the possibility of using various available materials (bars, profiles) and tools (level, building rules, etc.) as a guide .).

Disclosure of the essence of the invention.

The object of the invention is a device for cutting plates, including a guide containing a lower surface placed on the plate being cut, an upper surface opposite to it and at least one side face connecting them, perpendicular to the lower surface, and a carriage with a cutting unit and two pairs of running rollers, installed on the guide with the placement of the cutting unit on the side of the said side face, while the running rollers of the carriage, placed on the same side with the cutting unit, are made with the possibility of rolling along this side face.

The design features of the proposed device, according to the claimed invention, lie in the fact that the running rollers of another pair are made with the possibility of rolling along the upper surface of the guide, while their axes are deflected from orthogonal, with respect to the axes of the rollers of the first pair, by an angle that can be selected within 5-35°.

A significant difference of the proposed device is the execution of the running gear of the carriage with an asymmetric installation of the running rollers.

Unlike the closest and other known analogues, in which the rollers are installed mirror-symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the carriage and interact with two opposite faces of the guide, in the proposed device the carriage is made to move along two adjacent (adjacent) sides of the guide.

Thus, one pair of rollers of the carriage in the proposed device is made with the possibility of rolling along a sheer, vertically located in the working position, side edge of the guide, and the other pair of rollers is made with the possibility of rolling along the upper surface of the guide adjacent to the side edge and located, in fact, , orthogonal to it, at least in the area where the sides adjoin.

We can say that the carriage covers the guide from one corner with its running gear. With this position of the carriage, for the possibility of its movement and operation, the thickness, width and even the shape of the cross section of the guide are not essential.

The stability of the carriage and the guaranteed interaction of its running rollers with the side face, which is actually the guide surface that determines the cutting line, is ensured by installing the second pair of carriage rollers not strictly orthogonally to the rollers of the first pair, but at an angle less than the right angle by (5-35 )°. Such a deviation of the axes of the second rollers from orthogonality allows them to be tilted in the direction opposite to the location of the first pair of rollers, which ensures that when the carriage moves, the constant presence of a traction force in the direction of the inclination of the rollers (such as a radial component, as when turning the wheels of a car), this contributes to the preload of the rollers the first pair to the vertical side edge of the guide during the movement of the carriage and guarantees the quality of the cutting line.

To create the said traction force, a slight inclination of the running rollers is sufficient, which is formed with a slight deviation of their axes from orthogonality, from 5°.

The deviation of the axes from orthogonality by more than 35° leads to a significant deterioration in the adhesion of the running rollers to the rolling surface. The optimal size of the said deflection angle is 10-20°.

Thus, the proposed design of the carriage makes it possible to eliminate the requirements of strict correspondence between the geometrical parameters of the chassis of the carriage and the guide, which significantly expands the possibilities of using the carriage. In particular, it is possible to operate the carriage with various guides made from improvised materials. Any even beam (rail), metal rectangular profile, building level, building rule, etc. can be used as such guides.

A necessary condition for the guide is the presence of at least one side face, perpendicular to its lower surface, placed on the plate being cut. If there is a second side edge perpendicular to the bottom surface, for example, in the case of using a bar, lath or rectangular cross-section profile, the guide has a double-sided use. Both side faces in this case are working and can act as a guide surface for the rollers of the carriage. The upper surface of the guide in this case is flat and parallel to its lower surface.

The design of the carriage also makes it possible to work with a guide having an inclined upper surface or a surface other than a plane, for example, made in the form of a cylindrical or in the form of a broken surface consisting of several flat sections.

For the convenience of controlling the carriage and facilitating its movement, a handle (handle) is attached to the body of the carriage.

In order to compensate for the difference in levels at the end of cutting and to avoid collision with the guide carriage, it is preferably equipped with an idler roller.

The running rollers are preferably made with a convex contact surface made of a polymeric material, which contributes to the best adhesion to the guide when moving.

Both single and double (double) rollers with sequential arrangement of rollers in pairs can be used as running rollers.

The proposed design of the carriage is simple, can be made from available materials at hand and suggests the possibility of its bilateral use, both right-handed and left-handed.

The device as a whole is characterized by high operational reliability and maintainability.

The design of the running gear of the carriage makes it possible to use it with a curved profile guide, for example, for curly glass cutting.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the device for cutting in the working position, as a guide used building rule;

in fig. 2 shows the relative position of the axes of the running rollers of the carriage;

in fig. 3 (a-d) - examples of using a carriage with different guides.

Implementation of the invention

Device for cutting plates includes (see figure 1) guide 1 and mounted on it with the possibility of longitudinal movement of the carriage 2 with a cutting unit (cutting roller, disk) 3, a handle 4 and two pairs of rollers 5 and 6, fixed on different sides relative to the longitudinal axis of the carriage.

The guide 1 is characterized by the presence of longitudinal working surfaces: the lower surface (A), the upper surface opposite to it (B) and the side face (C) perpendicular to the lower surface.

In FIG. 1 embodiment of the device as a guide used building rule, commercially available and widely used in construction.

To carry out cutting, the guide 1 is installed with its lower surface (A) on the surface of the cut plate 7, which is laid on a rigid base 8, for example, a table.

The carriage 2 is mounted on top of the guide 1 in such a way that its cutting unit 3 is located on the side of its side edge (C), the rollers 5 located on the side of the cutting unit 3 interact with the edge (C), and the rollers 6 interact with top surface (B) adjacent to face (C).

Rollers 5 and 6 are mounted on the carriage so that it can move along two adjacent orthogonal surfaces (or close to orthogonality).

As seen in FIG. 2 axes 9 of rollers 5 are oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the carriage, while the axes 10 of rollers 6 are oriented with respect to the axes 9 of rollers 5, not strictly orthogonally, but with a deviation from the right angle by α = (5-35)°, optimally by 10 -20°. As can be seen in the drawings, the rollers 6 are located with a slight inclination outward from the carriage, in the direction opposite to the rollers 5.

To cut the tile 7, the guide 1 is installed so that the location of the cutting roller of the assembly 3 coincides with the intended cutting line. The carriage 2, held by the handle 4, moves along the guide 1 in compliance with the uniformity of the applied force. In the process of moving the carriage 2, due to the inclined arrangement of the rollers 6, the force F acts on it, directed towards the slope, which helps to press the rollers 5 to the surface of the edge (C) of the guide 1, and provides a high-quality cutting line.

When the deflection of the rollers is less than 5°, the generated traction force F is negligible. A deviation of more than 35° leads to a deterioration in the adhesion of the running rollers 6 to the rolling surface (B).

Upon completion of the cut, the tile 7 is broken by a special separating tool or by means of improvised devices (not shown in the drawings).

Carriage 2 can be made in a workshop using scrap materials. The body of the carriage 2 may be formed from a metal profile with a rectangular cross section.

An idle roller 11 can be installed on the same axis with the handle 4 inside the carriage body 2, which makes it possible to compensate for the level difference at the end of cutting and to prevent the carriage body from colliding with the guide when leaving the tile 7.

The rollers 5 and 6 are preferably made with a convex contact surface made of a wear-resistant impact-resistant polymer material, such as Blickle Extrathane polyurethane elastomer, which ensures their best grip on the guide during movement.

Commercially available single or double rollers with a serial arrangement of rollers in pairs can be used as running rollers. Such rollers mounted on rolling bearings are used, for example, in the manufacture of furniture, shower enclosures, etc.

Such a constructive solution of the carriage removes the requirements of strict correspondence between the geometric parameters of the chassis of the carriage 2 and the guide 1.

As a guide 1, a building rule, a building level or any even bar, rail or rectangular cross-section profile, which are always at hand for builders, can be used.

In FIG. 3 (a - d) shows examples of using the carriage 2 with guides of different thicknesses, widths and cross-sectional shapes.

In FIG. 3a - the guide is made in the form of a wooden block of rectangular section, and in Fig. 3b - in the form of a metal rectangular profile.

In these embodiments of the device, the upper surface (B) of the guide is made in the form of a plane parallel to the lower surface (A).

In the example shown in FIG. 3, the top surface (B) of the guide is slanted to the bottom surface, which is not flat.

In FIG. 3d, a building rule is used as a guide - a level designed to level the walls, the upper surface of which is a broken surface consisting of two flat sections, one of which is parallel to the lower surface (A), and the other is inclined to it. In this case, the rollers 6 of the carriage can move both in the first section and in the second.

The proposed device can be used for cutting slabs of various formats, including large-format slabs.

The design of the undercarriage of the carriage allows it to be used with a curved profile guide, for example, for figured cutting of glass, while in the case of installing double rollers, the rollers of each pair work alternately on surface bends, eliminating the complete separation of the pair of rollers from the guide, which guarantees high-quality contact with the guide and cutting line accuracy.

The proposed design of the tile cutter is characterized by simplicity and versatility of use, operational reliability and maintainability.

It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above exemplary embodiments provided to illustrate and better understand the essence of the invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize other modifications to the use of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A device for cutting slabs, including a guide containing a lower surface placed on the slab being cut, an upper surface opposite to it and at least one side face connecting them, perpendicular to the lower surface, and a carriage with a cutting unit and two pairs of running rollers mounted on guide with the placement of the cutting unit on the side of the said side edge, while the running rollers of the carriage, placed on the same side with the cutting unit, are made with the possibility of rolling along this edge, characterized in that the running rollers of the other pair are made with the possibility of rolling along the upper surface of the guide, while their axes are deflected from the orthogonal position with respect to the axes of the rollers of the first pair by an angle of 5-35°. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper the surface of the guide is made flat and parallel to its lower surface. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that upper the surface of the guide is made different from the plane. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The carriage is equipped with a handle for ease of movement. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the carriage is equipped with an idle roller, which compensates for the level difference at the end of the cut. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the running rollers are made with a convex contact surface made of polymeric material. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that used as running rollers twin rollers with a sequential arrangement of rollers in pairs.

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