RU2735823C1 - System for protection of fire and/or trained qualified personnel, fire-prevention equipment and equipment from heat radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: firefighting equipment.

SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to firefighting equipment. Invention is a system for protection against heat radiation, intended for protection against heat radiation of firefighters, trained qualified personnel, fire-prevention equipment containing at least one device for protection against thermal radiation, which is a frame with elements of attachment to a fire tower or enclosure, consisting of relative to each other and a fixed distance between the front and rear frames, on which mesh and / or perforated panels are fixed, wherein in the space between the front and rear frames a sprinkling system pipe is arranged with at least one nozzle attached to the rear frame or the front frame of the device by means of a bolt or a welded joint, made with possibility of creation in inter-frame space of drop-air mixture and water film on mesh or perforated panels; a water line comprising a drain valve and at least one point of connection to a heat radiation protection device; filtration unit; water supply unit; device connection unit to water supply system; water discharge unit.

EFFECT: technical result of the declared invention consists in improvement of protection degree of fire and / or prepared qualified personnel and used fire-prevention equipment and equipment from damaging factors of thermal impact, high reliability and maneuverability of the disclosed system, as well as broader functional and operational capabilities thereof.

8 cl, 13 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to firefighting equipment and can be used on fires to protect firefighters and / or trained qualified personnel from thermal radiation, performing combat and rescue operations, including on a fire tower and on the ground, as well as to protect firefighting equipment, in accordance with the operational firefighting plan and technology.

LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

From patent RU 2182024, publ. 05/10/2002, a device is known to the fire monitor for creating a protective screen from the flow of energy in the form of light, heat and convective gas flows, containing a spraying unit located on a support and made in the form of a frame of interconnected pipes with holes, in in the central part of which there is an opening to ensure the movement of the fire monitor vertically, and on both sides of which the grids are fixed with a gap, and the lower part of which is equipped with rollers for its movement along the support, characterized in that nozzles are installed in the holes of the frame tubes to form in space between the grids of the vapor-droplet-air environment and water films on these grids.

The device under the patent RU 2182024 is tied to the design of the fire monitor and can be used to protect equipment and people when extinguishing fires, dividing the volume of buildings of ground and underground structures and apparatus into fire compartments, protecting against collapse of ceiling ceilings and localizing the propagation of the combustion front in large fires ...

The disadvantages of the above-described device are its high weight and bulkiness, which limits the possibility of its use, especially at height. These disadvantages complicate the design, reduce its reliability and create difficulties in the delivery of the device and its fastening to the tower, complicate the ability to quickly and efficiently move the device in confined conditions from one place to another.

Placing the fire nozzle opening in the center of the structure makes it difficult to manipulate the fire monitor.

Known utility model, described in patent RU 188762, publ. 04/23/2019, which is a device for protection against heat flow, containing a screen, a water supply unit, including a pipe with holes, characterized in that the screen is made of a metal sheet, and the pipe with holes is located in the upper part of the sheet and is located with the outer side of the sheet, and the holes in the pipe are made at an angle relative to the surface of the sheet and directed towards the surface of the sheet. This device can be used to extinguish large fires using stationary fire equipment to protect the barrel operator and fire equipment.

The device according to the patent RU 188762 has a low efficiency of use. Below are the main disadvantages of the device according to patent RU 188762 in comparison with the claimed invention.

In addition to extinguishing a fire at the source of fire, the most important task to prevent the spread of fire is to cool buildings, equipment and machinery located close to the source of fire. In this case, the source of thermal radiation can be located on the side or behind the firefighter and / or trained qualified personnel performing combat missions and controlling the fire monitor. When applying the invention under the patent RU 188762, firefighters and / or trained qualified personnel will not be protected from the back and / or from the side from heat radiation.

This problem is solved by the application of the claimed invention, the proposed system for protection against thermal radiation makes it possible to use one or more protective devices that are quick to install and dismantle on a fire tower or other fencing using the fasteners shown in Figures 5-7.

Depending on the fire situation, one or more protective devices installed on a fire tower or other fencing are moved to a new place to protect against heat flux changing its direction (frontal, lateral or rear).

Thus, the efficiency of the use of fire-fighting equipment is increased with the simultaneous maximum protection of firefighters and / or trained qualified personnel, fire-fighting equipment and equipment from thermal radiation.

The device under the patent RU 188762 is placed directly on the fire monitor. Under wind loads due to the high windage of the device, there is a risk of damage to the welded joint of the flange and the nozzle of the fire monitor, as well as the bolted inter-flange connection, as a result of which the entire fire monitor may fail with catastrophic consequences.

In contrast to the device according to the patent RU 188762, the claimed invention is attached to the handrails of a fire tower or other fencing, and not to the fire monitor, thereby eliminating damage to the structure of the fire monitor due to wind loads.

In addition, the present invention is more versatile and technologically advanced than the device according to the patent RU 188762, since it is suitable for operation with any model of a fire monitor, i.e. there is no need to adapt the design of the device to the design features of the fire monitor provided for installation by the design solution or already installed at a fire hazardous facility.

The design of the device according to patent RU 188762 does not provide for a water filtration system, as a result of which a fire extinguishing liquid contaminated with large impurities supplied to the pipeline of this device clogs the openings of the pipe supplying the coolant to the metal sheet. This disadvantage of the device according to patent RU 188762 is eliminated in the claimed invention, which provides for a liquid filtration unit, due to which the required degree of water purification is achieved.

Unlike the device according to the patent RU 188762, the claimed invention is made of mesh or perforated panels fixed on the front and rear frames of the frame, due to which not only silhouette visibility of objects is provided for the firefighter or trained qualified personnel operating the fire monitor, but also better control the situation on the fire.

The film formed by water sprayed through the nozzles in the intergrid space provides protection against adhesion and penetration of soot, and also provides the ability to protect against the penetration of gases and other combustion products.

Thermal radiation, consisting mainly of visible light and infrared radiation, has an extremely negative effect on the human body. This problem is solved by applying the claimed invention, which reduces the heat flux incident on it by up to 50 times.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The technical objective of the claimed invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art:

- providing by the claimed invention the protection of firefighters and / or trained qualified personnel, as well as the fire-fighting equipment and equipment used by them from the damaging effects of thermal radiation due to its attenuation up to 50 times;

- increasing the effectiveness of the use of fire-fighting equipment, expanding its functionality and maneuverability by forming a system that protects firefighters and / or trained qualified personnel, as well as fire-fighting equipment and equipment both from the frontal impact of the heat flow, and from the impact of lateral and rear (envelope) heat radiation during the spread of fire and increasing the area of the fire;

- increasing operational capabilities in comparison with the prior art and ensuring versatility due to a combination of active and passive protection by means of design features of fastening the device directly to a fire tower or other fence without being tied to the construction of a fire monitor, with the possibility of quick mounting and dismounting of the device;

- increasing the reliability of the device design by eliminating the risk of damage to the welded joint of the flange and the nozzle of the fire monitor, as well as the bolted flange joint from the effects of wind and mechanical loads;

- improving the reliability of operation and service life of the claimed invention due to the use of a water filtration unit for its purification from solid impurities;

- providing protection of the claimed invention from adhesion and penetration of soot, gases and other combustion products due to the presence of a film formed by water sprayed through nozzles under pressure in the intergrid space;

- providing silhouette visibility of objects, as well as better control over the situation in the fire through the use of mesh or perforated panels made of corrosion-resistant steel or composite materials.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the degree of protection of firefighters and / or trained qualified personnel and applied fire-fighting equipment and equipment from damaging factors of thermal effects, to increase the reliability and maneuverability of the claimed system, as well as to expand its functional and operational capabilities.

The technical result is achieved due to the design features of the system for protection against thermal radiation, designed to protect against thermal radiation of firefighters, trained qualified personnel, fire-fighting equipment and technology, containing at least one protection device against thermal radiation, which is a frame with fasteners to the fire a tower or a fence, consisting of front and rear frames spaced apart from each other at a given distance and fastened to each other, on which mesh and / or perforated panels are fixed, while in the space between the front and rear frames there is an irrigation system pipeline with at least one a nozzle attached to the rear frame or front frame of the device by means of a bolted or welded connection, made with the possibility of creating a droplet-air mixture and a water film in the interframe space on mesh or perforated panels; a water supply system containing a drain valve and at least one connection point to the thermal radiation protection device; filtration unit; water supply unit; unit for connecting the device to the water supply; water drainage unit.

In this case, for the purpose of mechanical protection on the front and rear frames, solid panels can be used in the lower part.

In this case, the panels on the front and rear frames are made of corrosion-resistant steel or composite materials.

In this case, the water supply system is made of corrosion-resistant steel or composite materials.

In this case, the fastening elements are in the form of a hook or the fastening elements contain an upper and a lower part, while the upper part is stationary, and the lower part is made with the possibility of unclenching and fixing by means of a spring, cam or eccentric mechanism, or fastening elements contain an upper and a lower part, while the upper and lower parts are movable and made with the possibility of unclenching and fixing by means of a spring, cam or eccentric mechanism.

In this case, the frame contains handles located relative to each other at different heights. This is necessary so that the handles do not interfere with the installation of the protective devices close to each other.

The above and other objects, features, advantages, as well as the technical significance of the present invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a system for protection against thermal radiation, installed by means of attachment to a fire tower, where:

1 - fire tower, 2 - device for protection against thermal radiation, 3 - front frame, 4 - rear frame, 5 - fasteners, 6 - handles, 7 - water supply, 8 - water supply drain valve, 9 - individual water supply connection points ( 7) to the device (2), 10 - dry pipe, on which the fire monitor is installed, 11 - water supply unit, 12 - water drainage unit, 13 - filtration unit, 14 - unit connecting device (2) to the water supply (7).

Figure 2 shows a system for protection against thermal radiation, installed by fastening to an open-form ground fence, where:

2 - device for protection against thermal radiation, 3 - front frame, 4 - rear frame, 5 - fastening elements, 6 - handles, 7 - water supply, 8 - water supply drain valve, 9 - individual points of connection of water supply to the device, 10 - dry pipes , on which the fire monitor is installed, 11 - water supply unit, 12 - water drainage unit, 13 - filtration unit, 14 - unit connecting the device to the water supply, 15 - ground fence.

Figure 3 shows a variant of installation of two devices for protection against thermal radiation with a gap between them, placed on an open-shaped ground fence, where:

2 - device for protection against thermal radiation, 5 - fastening elements, 6 - handles, 7 - water supply system, 8 - drain valve of the water supply system, 9 - individual points of connection of the water supply system (7) to the device (2), 10 - dry pipe on which it is installed fire monitor, 11 - water supply unit, 12 - water drainage unit, 13 - filtration unit, 14 - unit for connecting device (2) to the water supply (7), 15 - ground fence.

Figure 4 shows a variant of placing three devices for protection against thermal radiation close to each other on a fire tower, where:

1 - fire tower, 2 - device for protection against thermal radiation, 5 - fastening elements, 6 - handles, 7 - water supply system, 8 - water supply drain valve, 9 - individual points of connection of water supply system (7) to device (2), 10 - dry pipe, on which the fire monitor is installed, 11 - water supply unit, 12 - water drainage unit, 13 - filtration unit, 14 - unit connecting device (2) to water supply (7).

Figure 5 shows a fastening in the form of hooks, with the help of which the device for protecting against thermal radiation is fixed on a fire tower or other fence, where:

2 - device for protection against thermal radiation, 5 - fastening elements, 6 - handles.

Figure 6 shows a fastener, the elements of which comprise an upper and a lower part, while the upper part is fixed, and the lower part is made with the possibility of expanding and fixing by means of a spring, cam or eccentric mechanism, where:

2 - device for protection against thermal radiation, 5 - fastening elements.

Figure 7 shows a fastener, the elements of which comprise an upper and a lower part, while the upper and lower parts are movable and made with the possibility of unclenching and fixing by means of a spring, cam or eccentric mechanism, where:

2 - device for protection against thermal radiation, 5 - fastening elements.

Figure 8 shows images of the irrigation system pipeline with various nozzle locations, namely:

- with one nozzle attached to the rear or front frame of the device to protect against thermal radiation by means of a bolted or welded connection, while the water is sprayed up and down by the nozzle;

- with two nozzles attached to the upper and lower parts of the rear or front frame of the device for protection against thermal radiation by means of a bolted or welded connection, with the nozzles oriented towards the center of the device;

- with two nozzles attached to the side parts of the rear or front frame of the device to protect against thermal radiation by means of a bolted or welded connection, with the nozzles oriented towards the center of the device;

- with four nozzles attached to the upper, lower and lateral parts of the rear or front frame of the device to protect against thermal radiation by means of a bolted or welded connection, with the nozzles oriented towards the center of the device.

Figure 9 shows a device for protection against thermal radiation, on the front frame (3) of which there are mesh panels made of corrosion-resistant steel or composite materials, on the rear frame (4) in its upper part, mesh panels made of corrosion-resistant steel or composite materials, and on the bottom of the rear frame, solid panels made of corrosion-resistant steel or composite materials.

Figures 9-13 show combinations of mesh and perforated panels, including solid panels at the bottom, front and rear frame frames in various combinations.

CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Example 1

Figure 1 shows a thermal radiation protection system installed on a fire tower (1), which contains one device (2) for protection against thermal radiation, a water pipe (7), which is a ring pipeline containing a drain valve (8) and eight connection points (9) to the device (2); water supply unit (11); water drainage unit (12); filtration unit (13); connection unit (14) of the device to the water supply.

The device (2) for protection against thermal radiation is a rectangular frame made of corrosion-resistant steel, consisting of front (3) and rear frames (4) located parallel to each other, welded together and spaced 5 cm apart.

The dimensions and shape of the frame of the device (2) are due to the need to maintain a balance between the degree of protection against thermal radiation of a firefighter or trained qualified personnel operating the fire monitor and the conditions for performing the tasks assigned to it, and also depend on the shape and size of the fire tower (1).

In this case, the claimed invention in another embodiment may contain more than one device (2) for protection against thermal radiation.

In this case, the frame of the device in another embodiment can be made of composite materials and have a different acceptable geometric shape.

In the inner contour of the platform of the tower (1), a water supply system (7) made of corrosion-resistant steel is installed, which has a drain valve (8) and individual connection points (9). Water is supplied through a dry pipe (10), to which a water supply (7) is connected through a water supply unit (11). The device (2) is connected to the water supply (7) by connecting the connection point (14) of the device to the water supply to the individual connection points (9).

In this case, the water supply (7) in another embodiment can be made of composite materials, and have a different geometric shape depending on the object on which the claimed invention is placed.

In this case, the water supply (7) in another embodiment may have a different number of connection points (9).

To drain the remaining water after using the device (2), a water drainage unit (12) is provided. Drainage of residual water from the water supply system (7) is carried out from the drain valve (8), which is located at the lowest point of the water supply system (7) to completely drain the water.

Example 2

The figure 2 shows a system of protection against thermal radiation installed on a ground fence (15) of an open form, which, unlike example 1, contains two devices (2) for protection against thermal radiation; water supply (7) is U-shaped, one end of which is closed with a plug (not shown in figure 2), and its other end, located at the lowest point, is equipped with a drain valve (8), contains two points of connection (9) to devices (2 ); water supply unit (11); water drainage unit (12); filtration unit (13); connection unit (14) of the device to the water supply. In this case, the device (2) is a frame cast from a composite material (carbon fiber), consisting of a front (3) and a rear frame (4), spaced from each other at a distance of 10 cm.

Example 3

Figure 3 shows a variant of installing two devices (2) with a gap between them.

In this case, the device (2) for protection against thermal radiation is a rectangular frame made of corrosion-resistant steel, consisting of front (3) and rear frames (4) located parallel to each other, fastened by a welded joint and spaced from each other at a distance of 20 cm ...

In the case of a firefighter and / or trained qualified personnel tasked with extinguishing a fire, the two devices can be placed so that the extinguishing agent from the fire fighting equipment is supplied to the gap formed between them.

Depending on the changing situation in the fire and, if necessary, protection from lateral or rear heat flow, three devices installed on a fire tower or a closed-type ground fence can be connected to each other (see Fig. 4). Handles (6) provided at different heights allow you to position the devices (2) close to each other.

The frame of the device (2) is equipped with fasteners (5) for installation on a fire tower (1) or a ground fence (15) with the possibility of moving the device in space.

The fastening elements (5), depending on the shape and size of the fire tower handrails (1) or ground fence (15), are hooks (see Fig. 5) or fasteners (see Fig. 6), the elements of which contain an upper and a lower part , while the upper part is stationary, and the lower part is made with the possibility of expanding and fixing by means of spring, cam or eccentric mechanisms, or fastening (see Fig. 7), the elements of which contain an upper and lower part, while the upper and lower parts are movable and made with the possibility of unclenching and fixing by means of spring, cam or eccentric mechanisms.

In this case, the fastening elements located in the lower and upper parts of the device frame can be combined with each other in different ways.

Between the front (3) and the rear frame (4) of the frame of the device (2) there is an irrigation system pipeline with at least one nozzle (17) attached to the rear (4) or front (3) frame of the device by means of a bolted or welded connection to create in the intergrid space of the drip-air mixture and the water film on the mesh panels.

Depending on the size of the device (2), one or more nozzles can be installed. Various options for the placement of nozzles on the piping of the irrigation system (16) located between the front (3) and rear (4) frames of the frame are shown in figure 8.

Figures 9-13 show options for combinations of mesh (18) and perforated (19) panels on the front (3) and rear (4) frames, including solid (20) panels in the lower part, in various combinations.

In this case, mesh (18), perforated (19) and solid panels (20) can be made of corrosion-resistant steel or composite materials. Solid (20) panels are used to protect the fire system from accidental mechanical damage.

Claims (8)

1. A system for protection against thermal radiation, designed to protect firefighters, trained qualified personnel, fire-fighting equipment and equipment from thermal radiation, containing at least one thermal radiation protection device, which is a frame with fasteners to a fire tower or fence, consisting from the front and rear frames spaced from each other at a given distance and fastened to each other, on which mesh and / or perforated panels are fixed, while in the space between the front and rear frames there is an irrigation system pipeline with at least one nozzle attached to the rear the frame or the front frame of the device by means of a bolted or welded connection, made with the possibility of creating a drop-air mixture and a water film in the interframe space on mesh or perforated panels; a water supply system containing a drain valve and at least one connection point to the thermal radiation protection device; filtration unit; water supply unit; unit for connecting the device to the water supply; water drainage unit. 2. The system of claim. 1, in which the front and rear frames at the bottom are fixed with solid panels for mechanical protection. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the panels on the front and rear frames are corrosion resistant steel or composite materials. 4. The system of claim. 1, in which the plumbing is made of corrosion-resistant steel or composite materials. 5. The system of claim. 1, wherein the fastening elements are in the form of a hook. 6. The system according to claim 1, in which the fastening elements comprise upper and lower parts, the upper part being stationary, and the lower part capable of being expanded and fixed by means of a spring, cam or eccentric mechanism 7. The system of claim. 1, in which the fastening elements comprise upper and lower parts, while the upper and lower parts are movable and made with the possibility of unclenching and fixing by means of a spring, cam or eccentric mechanism. 8. The system of claim. 1, in which the frame contains handles located relative to each other at different heights.

Images