RU2735818C1 - Bath furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heating devices on solid fuel used for air heating and steam production in bath-houses. Technical result is achieved by the fact that bath-house furnace includes upper plate, base, furnace unit with grate installed on grate plate and flame arrester, in which furnace channel has a narrow and a wide part, a narrow part of the heating channel is connected to the furnace unit, and in the opposite, wide part is located furnace door, wherein all connections of the furnace assembly are made through a tenon-groove and in all such joints a refractory cord and a heat-resistant sealant are laid, and the furnace channel itself is fixed directly to the furnace unit using a heat-resistant sealant and a refractory cord, a two-piece flame arrester is located under the smoke pipe and above the grate plate, wherein the flame arrester first part is rigidly connected through the tenon-slot with the front and side walls or through the tenon-slot with the front wall and is installed on the ledges located on the furnace unit side walls, and flame arrester second part is movably installed on ledges located on furnace unit side walls and on the flame armament first part.

EFFECT: technical result is the furnace design simplification, furnace processability improvement, furnace space hermeticity enhancement, increasing heat transfer of the furnace, possibility of regulating heat transfer of furnace, simplification of furnace transportation from production to place of implementation, possibility of replacement of any worn-out parts of furnace, reduction of weight of furnace.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to solid fuel heating devices used for heating air and generating steam in baths.

From RU 145329 U1, F24B 1/189, published on 09/20/2014, a furnace for mobile structures with a movable damper and a spark arrester is known, containing a housing in which a combustion chamber with a door is located, a grate, an ash pan with an ash drawer, a chimney, a protective casing - a convector and supports, in which the combustion chamber contains a damper with the possibility of its movement and a spark arrester adjacent to the chamber, consisting of a cavity and a chimney pipe immersed in it.

The disadvantage of this furnace is the complex shape of the body, which does not allow the furnace to be manufactured by casting. Also, during the combustion of fuel, scale will form in the furnace space, the walls of the furnace will become thinner, as a result of which the furnace will become unusable. In addition, a flame arrester is located next to the combustion unit, which increases the mass of the furnace structure.

The closest analogue is a bath stove (RU 150387 U1, F24B 1/24, published on February 20, 2015), which contains a body, a portal installed on the front side of the body, a firebox located in the body, a metal bed for stones located above the firebox and consisting of three sections, a chimney, in which each of the sections of the metal bed has the shape of a hollow open top inverted truncated pyramid with a rectangular base, the sections of the metal bed are connected by long upper edges, while a flame arrester is installed under the chimney, which ensures the movement of gases along the metal bed.

The main disadvantage of this furnace is the unreliable sealing of the joints of the walls of the combustion unit, which can lead to the breakthrough of combustion products into the steam room. Also, this oven is inconvenient in transportation and storage due to the large number of ribbed parts, which take up a lot of space during transportation from production to the place of sale.

Application of the claimed invention provides the following technical results:

• simplification of the furnace design;

• improving the manufacturability of the furnace;

• increasing the tightness of the furnace space;

• increasing the heat transfer of the furnace;

• the ability to adjust the heat transfer of the furnace;

• simplification of transportation of the furnace from production to the place of sale;

• the ability to replace any of the worn-out parts of the furnace;

• reducing the mass of the furnace.

The specified technical results are ensured by the fact that the bath stove contains an upper plate, a base, a combustion unit with a grate and a flame arrester installed on the grate plate, the combustion channel has a narrow and wide part, the narrow part of the combustion channel is connected to the combustion unit, and in the opposite, wide part , the combustion door is located, while all the connections of the combustion unit are made through a thorn-groove and a refractory cord and a heat-resistant sealant are laid in all such joints, and the combustion channel itself is fixed directly to the combustion unit using a heat-resistant sealant and a refractory cord, composed of two parts the flame arrester is located under the smoke outlet and above the grate plate, and the first part of the flame arrester is fixedly connected through the thorn-groove with the front and side walls, or through the thorn-groove with the front wall and installed on the protrusions located on the side walls of the combustion unit, and the second part of the flame arrester movably tired It is rounded onto protrusions located on the side walls of the combustion unit and on the first part of the flame arrester. Also, the grate plate is located between the top plate and the base and is connected through a tongue-groove to the walls of the combustion unit using a heat-resistant cord and heat-resistant sealant. The total number of furnace parts is 14, the thickness of the furnace walls is 10 mm, the upper part of the furnace has a reinforced structure due to the prevailing plate thickness of 17 mm, and the thickness of the upper plate in the maximum heat-loaded part is 24 mm.

FIG. 1, the positions indicate the following components of the furnace:

1. Tunnel

2. Afterburner

3. The grate

4. Foundation

5. Flame arrester (first part)

6. Flame arrester (second part)

7. Top plate

8. Grate plate

9. Door leaf

10. Door frame

11. Side wall

12. Back wall

13. Front wall

The furnace consists of 14 parts connected in series with a sealant and a cord. Most of the oven parts are flat to ensure the oven is compact during storage and transportation. Also, the simple shape of the parts makes it possible to improve the manufacturability of casting molds. The walls of the oven may have ribbing. The grate is installed on the grate, located between the top plate and the base. The grate plate can be connected to the walls of the combustion unit using the thorn-groove method, or it can be installed on the protrusions on the walls of the combustion unit. A fire-resistant cord and heat-resistant sealant can be used in the connection. The structure also has a composite flame arrester located under the smoke exhaust pipe, which serves as a "chimney tooth" and a grate. The composite flame arrester is located above the grate, and the first part of the flame arrester is connected by the tongue-and-groove method with the front and side walls, or by the tongue-and-groove method with the front wall and installed on protrusions located on the side walls of the combustion unit. The second (movable) part of the flame arrester is installed on protrusions located on the side walls of the combustion unit and on the first (stationary) part of the flame arrester. These elements of the furnace are made of gray cast iron, a material that is resistant to temperature extremes, slightly susceptible to scale formation and thinning during fuel combustion.

In the process of producing elements of a cast iron furnace, either high-quality cast iron or gray cast iron can be used, the thickness of the furnace walls is 10 mm, the upper part of the furnace has a reinforced structure with a predominant plate thickness of 17 mm, and the thickness of the maximum heat-loaded part of the upper plate is 24 mm.

The special design of the furnace space allows to increase the efficiency due to a more complete use of the thermal energy of fuel combustion and additional heating of the furnace top with exhaust gases.

To ensure the safe use of the sauna stove, its design includes: a combustion tunnel (fuel channel) and a cast-iron door. The furnace tunnel is necessary for carrying out the process of firing the furnace from a room adjacent to the steam room, and serves to "pass" through a non-combustible wall. The cast iron door serves as an excellent insulator, it consists of a frame and a leaf, with a locking device in the form of a hook handle and a blower for supplying air to the furnace section and regulating the rate of fuel burning.

An ash pan is located at the bottom of the furnace, which is necessary for convenient ash removal and regulation of air supply to the burning fuel.

In the upper part of the stove, a special recess (stove) is provided for placing stones that are heated from the walls of the stove, retain heat for a long time and serve as additional elements for heating the bath room and producing water vapor.

The design of the furnace is a single element of the furnace unit, assembled in series, from cast iron elements of the furnace using a refractory sealant and a heat-resistant cord. The stove is delivered disassembled for sale. In the lower part of the firebox, there is a slab containing a grate. The furnace channel is a thick-walled cast-iron element with a door fixed to it, through which the furnace is fired. The combustion channel has a narrow and wide part. The narrow part of the channel is connected to the combustion unit, and in the opposite, wide part, the combustion door is located. The combustion channel is fixed directly to the combustion unit using a fire-resistant sealant and a fire-resistant cord.

Sauna stove dimensions:

• Height (including the flue pipe) - 600-620 mm.

• Depth (including combustion channel) - 777-797 mm.

• Depth of the firebox - 440-460 mm.

• The length of the furnace tunnel is 240-260 mm.

• Door width - 405-42510 mm.

• Furnace weight - 187.2-197.2 kg.

The connection of the main elements of the furnace during its installation was made sequentially using a heat-resistant sealant and a refractory cord around the perimeter of each element. Each element has a perimeter recess used to lay the refractory cord.

The walls of all the elements have different material thicknesses, which is due to the different temperature load on each element and leads to a decrease in the mass of the assembly.

The side walls are 10 mm thick. The top plate has a thickness of 17 mm, and in the maximum heat-loaded part is 24 mm.

Additionally, in the places where the structure stiffeners are present, the wall thickness is 10-12 mm (which is due to the cast iron casting method). The casting tolerance for wall thickness is 1 mm.

When the sauna stove is in operation, the exhaust gases pass from the combustion chamber through the so-called labyrinth, thereby evenly distributing heat to all walls of the combustion unit. Initially, the exhaust gases move upward from the burning fuel, then, hitting the upper plate - the flame arrester, move to the side, to the free outlet upward, hit the upper wall of the upper furnace body and move upward by physical properties into the flue pipe.

The design has a composite flame arrester that acts as a "bump tooth". The baffle tooth closes the straight-through exhaust gas outlet by directing the gas flow along a more complex path to evenly distribute the temperature of these exhaust gases.

To increase the time for maintaining a given temperature and humidity in the steam room, a special depression (heater) is provided in the design of the sauna stove for placing stones. The stones are laid along the entire space of the depression so that natural gaps of 1-3 cm remain between the stones for natural air circulation and uniform heat removal from the upper wall of the furnace.

Claims (4)

1. Sauna stove containing an upper plate, a base, a combustion unit with a grate and a flame arrester installed on the grate plate, in which the combustion channel has a narrow and wide part, the narrow part of the combustion channel is connected to the combustion unit, and in the opposite, wide, part is located furnace door, while all the connections of the combustion unit are made through a thorn-groove and in all such joints a refractory cord and a heat-resistant sealant are laid, and the combustion channel itself is fixed directly to the combustion unit using a heat-resistant sealant and a refractory cord, a two-piece flame arrester is located under smoke exhaust pipe and above the grate plate, and the first part of the flame arrester is fixedly connected through the tongue-groove with the front and side walls or through the tongue-groove with the front wall and installed on the protrusions located on the side walls of the combustion unit, and the second part of the flame arrester is movably mounted on the protrusions located on the side the walls of the combustion unit and on the first part of the flame arrester. 2. Sauna stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate plate is located between the top plate and the base. 3. Sauna stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate is connected through the thorn-groove with the walls of the combustion unit using a heat-resistant cord and heat-resistant sealant. 4. Sauna stove according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the total number of furnace parts is 14 pieces, the thickness of the furnace walls is 10 mm, the upper part of the furnace has a reinforced structure due to the prevailing plate thickness of 17 mm, and the thickness of the upper plate in the maximum heat-loaded part is 24 mm.

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