RU170096U1 - FURNACE HEATER - Google Patents

Abstract

The device relates to the field of heat engineering, in particular to the design of a heat engineering device designed for heating and steam generation, and can be used for equipment of baths and saunas. The design of the device allows the use of various combinations of temperature and humidity. The technical problem was the creation of a device that provides an increase in the efficiency of operation of the furnace, an increase in its heat storage capacity without increasing dimensions and fuel consumption. The technical solution relates to a device, which is a metal case with a furnace, under which there is a grate, consisting of separate plates, which allows you to replace its individual plates as necessary. The device has two heaters, an external and an internal one and a gas duct, consisting of two cavities communicating with each other through an internal nozzle. The design features of the gas duct ensure uniform heating of the stones, fuel economy and the efficiency of the heat transfer process. The presence of hatches for supplying water to the internal heater from two sides of the furnace allows you to choose the place of its installation without restrictions and ensure the manufacturability of the device. In the upper part of the furnace there are funnels for supplying water to the internal heater, the design and quantity of which allows you to cover a large surface of the stones to produce steam. Effect: ensuring the efficiency of the device due to the design features of its individual elements. 2 ill.

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The device relates to the field of heat engineering, in particular to the design of a heat engineering device designed for heating and steam generation, and can be used for equipment of baths and saunas.

State of the art

A known device "Heating device" (patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2242679, IPC classes F24B 5/06, F24B 7/02, publ. 12/20/2004), containing a housing along the side walls of which are hermetically fixed in the bottom and in the holes opposite convective walls with open ends intersecting at the top, forming a combustion chamber, where the firebox and upper zone form a single space, and the firebox is closed by a metal screen, the grate in the bottom made of heat-resistant steel and its elements look like gutters flax and chimney. On the inclined parts of the convective tubes crossing at the top, the lower and upper gas guide plates are installed on top, forming the lower and upper gas ducts. The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity. It is necessary to ensure that flue gases do not break through the tubes into the convective pipes shielding the combustion chamber, and use an additional metal screen. The device requires periodic cleaning of the gas ducts from the soot and ash accumulating in them, for which it is necessary to remove the chimney pipe and clean the channels through the chimney hatch with the help of additional devices.

A device "Heating device" is known (patent for utility model No. 82029, IPC classes F24B 5/06, F24B 7/02, publ. 04/10/2009) containing a housing, straight ducts in the form of pipes with open ends installed along the rear and front walls inside the casing, curved air ducts with open ends along the side walls of the casing, the intersecting upper parts of which form a combustion chamber, consisting of two zones: the furnace and the upper zone of the combustion chamber and equipped with upper and lower curved ducts located on the inclined parts of the upper and lower lower gas guiding screens forming gas ducts, the upper screens being installed with a gap relative to each other along their entire length, a grate installed in the bottom of the body, which can be made removable, the chimney hatch located on the upper plane of the body or in the upper part of the rear wall corps. The disadvantages of this device are also the complexity of the design, the complexity of the repair of the device in case of burnout of the ducts, the need to replace the entire grate, even if the burnout of the grill occurred in one place.

The closest solution to the technical nature and the set of essential features, which is adopted as a prototype, is the device “A stove for a bath” (patent for invention of the Russian Federation No. 2347980, IPC class F24B 9/00, published on 02.27.2009), containing a furnace a chamber with an external fuel channel, a door and a grate in the lower part of the combustion chamber; an ash pan with a drawer ash drawer. The smoke collector of the device has partitions that form the central and side channels. The central channel has an outlet into the chimney through the pipe, and from the side of the rear wall of the chimney, it is deafly closed by a stop, which forms a gas duct with the rear wall of the chimney. The cavity for the heat storage load has a bottom, one part of which is the arch of the combustion chamber, and the other part of the bottom is located at an angle to the base of the combustion chamber and has ventilation holes around the entire perimeter. On both sides, steam generators are welded to the side walls of the combustion chamber, which are horizontally mounted rectangular shaped elements. Hot air and gases formed from the combustion of fuel rise to the top of the combustion chamber and are sent to the gas duct. The limiter forms additional side streams of combustion products, divides the gas stream into two, which pass through the side channels and rush into the central channel. Washing all the walls of the chimney, giving them heat and gradually cooling, the combustion products are discharged into the chimney through the outlet pipe. The presence of a gap in the bottom of the chimney under the chimney allows you to clean the chimney channels and the chimney in case of a large amount of soot. To receive steam from the steam generator, water is poured into it through the metering valve from the tank through the supply channels into the upper cavity of the steam generator, which evaporates from the very heated walls of the furnace through the holes. After warming up the heat storage load, it is watered with water to produce steam.

The disadvantages of this device are the presence of a rather complicated design of the smoke collector, the difficulty of cleaning the internal surfaces of soot and soot.

Utility Model Disclosure

The device relates to the field of heat engineering, in particular to the design of the heat engineering device used in steam rooms and adjacent rooms of the bath and intended for heating and steam generation. The design of the device allows you to use various combinations of temperature and humidity, creating modes of fine steam, classic steam and sauna mode (when the device is running without water supply). The device is a metal case in which the furnace of the furnace with a fuel channel is placed, which allows the furnace to be fired from an adjacent room.

At the bottom of the furnace there is a grate, and under the furnace there is an ash pan with a drawer. The grate is the most heat-loaded part of the device and consists of individual plates, which allows you to replace its individual plates as necessary. The device has two heaters: an external and an internal one and a gas duct, consisting of two cavities - an upper and a lower one, communicating with each other through an internal pipe passing through the central axis of the device. In the upper part of the device there are two funnels for supplying water to the inner heater, the design and quantity of which allows you to cover a large surface of the stones to produce steam. At the end of the funnels there are devices for dispersing water.

The upper flue cavity is formed by the upper and lower plates welded around the perimeter to the device body, between which, parallel to the upper plate, a flame cutter is welded to the funnel nozzles with a gap around the entire perimeter of the device body. The lower cavity is formed by the upper plate welded around the perimeter to the device body above the furnace of the furnace, and the lower plate welded around the perimeter to the upper part of the furnace of the furnace, in which holes are made and which also acts as a flame cutter. The design of the gas duct was created on the basis of experiments and is optimal when creating the necessary traction, provides flame travel along the entire perimeter of the cutter and uniform heating of stones, fuel economy and the efficiency of the heat transfer process. The presence of hatches with removable covers for loading heat-accumulating elements when assembling the device and supplying water to the internal heater from both sides of the furnace during its operation allows ensuring the manufacturability of the device and choosing the installation location of the furnace without restrictions - the furnace can stand in the middle of a steam room or close to the wall - right or left.

The design of the device allows to increase the efficiency of use of the obtained heat and steam without increasing the dimensions and fuel consumption.

Brief Description of the Drawings

A general view and arrangement of the essential elements of the device are shown in FIG. 1 and 2. To increase the resource of the device, its furnace 5 is made of rolled steel of increased strength. The device has two heaters: external 11 and internal 12. Air convection between the furnace 5, the radiator 7 and the protective casing 1 is carried out through convection openings 8.

Hatches 9 with removable covers for accessing the stones of the internal heater are located on two sides of the device.

The boiler pipe 2 serves as a transition element from the smoke channels of the device to the chimney. The device has a clean plug 6, which is removed when cleaning the smoke channels.

The device is equipped with a fuel channel 3, allowing to carry out the furnace from an adjacent room. At the bottom of the furnace 5 furnace there is a grate 13, which is the most heat-loaded part of the device and is a set of six separate plates made of rolled steel of increased strength 5 mm thick. Each plate has a separate seat. Through the plates of the grate, the ash enters the ash box 4. The gas duct system consists of two cavities - the top 14 and bottom 15, communicating with each other through the inner pipe 20.

The lower plate 16 of the upper cavity of the gas duct and the upper plate 17 of the lower cavity of the gas duct is bent at an obtuse angle down along the conditional median plane parallel to the side walls of the furnace chamber 5.

In the upper cavity of the gas duct 14 there is a flame cutter 18. In the lower cavity 15 of the gas duct there is a plate-cutter 19 with holes for the passage of the flame.

Utility Model Implementation

To set the temperature during ignition, the device must be operated in intensive combustion mode. The ash box 4 is ajar at this time to ensure the flow of air necessary for burning fuel. The main time the device runs in an economical mode with a completely closed ash box 4.

The device allows you to get various modes in the steam room.

Fine steam mode - a mode of special, light steam obtained by supplying water (in portions) through funnels 10 to a closed inner heater 12 when the stones are heated to 400 degrees Celsius or more. Re-supply of water with the furnace running can be carried out after 3 minutes. The classic steam mode is achieved when water is supplied to the outer heater 11, or to the inner heater 12 when one or both of the removable manhole covers 9 of the inner heater is removed. Sauna mode - “dry bath” is achieved when the device is operated without water supply.

The closed inner heater 12 forms a powerful steam generator. And the stones in the outer heater 11 protect against hard infrared radiation and are a source of so-called “soft” heat.

An effective scheme for heating stones and the steam room is that the heat exchange process is organized by the entire surface of the device, as well as air convection between the furnace 5, the radiator 7 and the protective casing 1 through convection openings 8. In addition, the protective casing shields hard infrared radiation, which comes from the walls of the furnace furnace when it is heated.

The efficiency of the heat transfer in the furnace has a significant positive effect on the design of the duct.

The flame is carried out around the perimeter of the flame cutter 18, which ensures uniform heating of the stones due to the uniform heating of the plates 16 and 17; the heat emission “into the pipe” is significantly reduced (the water tank installed at the outlet of the device does not boil), i.e. flue gases at the exit have a low temperature; high efficiency of the device (furnace gases give a very large amount of heat not in vain, but on heating stones and premises). Removable manhole covers 9 of the internal heater allow access to the stones of the internal heater from the sides of the device, and also serve as limiters for the exit of finely dispersed steam. The covers are located on both sides of the device, which allows you to choose where to install it without restrictions. In addition, the presence of two holes allows to simplify the technological process of loading stones into the internal heater.

Partial cleaning of the chimney channels is done by removing the boiler nozzle 2, and the full one after removing the cleaning plug 6, which allows you to clean the entire duct system more thoroughly (if necessary, with less labor).

The water supply to the inner heater can be carried out through funnels 10, which, with both removable manhole covers 9 of the inner heater 12 installed without a gap, makes it possible to obtain finely dispersed steam. The proposed device due to the design features of its individual elements provides increased efficiency in the use of heat and steam without increasing dimensions and fuel consumption, the creation of optimal modes of its use as equipment for baths and saunas.

Claims (1)

A stove-furnace containing a combustion chamber with an external fuel channel, a door and a grate in the lower part of the combustion chamber, an ash pan with a drawer ash drawer, partitions, characterized in that the gas duct consists of two cavities - upper and lower, communicating with each other through an internal pipe passing through the central axis of the device, the upper flue cavity is formed by the upper and lower plates welded around the perimeter to the device body, between which there is a funnel for water supply welded to the nozzles A flame cutter with a gap around the entire perimeter of the device casing is inserted into the internal heater, the lower cavity is formed by the upper plate welded along the perimeter to the device casing above the furnace of the furnace, and the lower plate welded along the perimeter to the upper part of the furnace of the furnace in which the holes are made, the lower plate the upper cavity of the gas duct and the upper plate of the lower cavity of the gas duct are bent at an obtuse angle down along the conditional median plane parallel to the side walls of the furnace furnace.

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