EA039649B1 - Bath-house furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to heating devices on solid fuel used for air heating and steam production in baths. The technical result consists in furnace design simplification, furnace processability enhancement, furnace space hermeticity enhancement, higher furnace heat release, possibility to adjust furnace heat release, simplification of furnace transportation from production to implementation place, possibility of replacement of any furnace worn-out parts, reduction of furnace weight. The technical result is achieved by the fact that bath-house furnace includes an upper plate, a base, a furnace unit with a grate installed on a grate plate and a flame arrester, in which a heating channel has a narrow part and a wide part, a narrow part of the heating channel is connected to the furnace unit, and a furnace door is located in the opposite, wide part, wherein all connections of the furnace unit are made through a tongue-and-groove and in all such joints a refractory cord and a heat-resistant sealant are laid, and the heating channel itself is fixed directly to the furnace unit using the heat-resistant sealant and the refractory cord, the two-piece flame arrester is located under a smoke pipe and above the grate plate, wherein the flame arrester first part is rigidly connected through the tongue-and-groove with front and side walls or through the tongue-and-groove with the front wall and is installed on ledges located on the furnace unit side walls, and the flame arrester second part is movably installed on ledges located on the furnace unit side walls and on the flame arrester first part.

Description

The invention relates to solid fuel heating devices used to heat air and produce steam in baths.

From RU 145329 U1, F24B 1/189, published on 09/20/2014, a furnace for mobile structures with a movable damper and a spark eliminator is known, containing a housing in which a combustion chamber with a door, a grate, an ash pan with an ash pan drawer, a chimney, a protective casing convector and a support, in which the combustion chamber contains a damper with the possibility of its movement and a spark arrester adjacent to the chamber, consisting of a cavity and a chimney pipe immersed in it.

The disadvantage of this furnace is the complex shape of the body, which does not allow to manufacture the furnace by casting. Also, during the combustion of fuel in the furnace space, scale will form, the walls of the furnace will become thinner, as a result of which the furnace will become unusable. In addition, a flame arrester is located next to the combustion unit, which increases the mass of the furnace structure.

The closest analogue is a sauna stove (RU 150387 U1, F24B 1/24, published on February 20, 2015), containing a body, a portal installed on the front side of the body, a firebox located in the body, a metal bed for stones placed above the firebox and consisting of three sections, a chimney, in which each of the sections of the metal bed has the shape of a hollow open top inverted truncated pyramid with a rectangular base, the sections of the metal bed are connected by long upper edges, while a flame arrester is installed under the chimney, which ensures the movement of gases along the metal bed.

The main disadvantage of this furnace is the unreliable sealing of the joints of the walls of the combustion unit, which can lead to a breakthrough of combustion products into the steam room. Also, this furnace is inconvenient in transportation and storage due to the large number of ribbed parts that take up a lot of space during transportation from production to the place of sale.

The application of the claimed invention provides the following technical results: simplification of the design of the furnace;

improving the manufacturability of the furnace;

increasing the tightness of the furnace space;

increasing the heat transfer of the furnace;

the ability to adjust the heat output of the furnace;

simplifying the transportation of the furnace from production to the place of sale;

the possibility of replacing any of the parts of the furnace that have become unusable; reducing the mass of the furnace.

These technical results are ensured by the fact that the bath furnace contains a top plate, a base, a combustion unit with a grate and a flame arrester installed on the grate plate, the combustion channel has a narrow and wide part, the combustion channel is connected to the combustion unit by a narrow part, and in the opposite, wide part , the furnace door is located, at the same time, all connections of the furnace unit are made through a tenon-groove and a refractory cord and a heat-resistant sealant are laid in all such joints, and the combustion channel itself is fixed directly to the furnace unit using a heat-resistant sealant and a refractory cord, composed of two parts the flame arrester is located under the smoke exhaust pipe and above the grate plate, the first part of the flame arrester is fixedly connected through a tenon groove with the front and side walls, or through a tenon groove with the front wall and is installed on the protrusions located on the side walls of the combustion unit, and the second part of the flame arrester movable set ovlen on ledges located on the side walls of the combustion unit and on the first part of the flame arrester. Also, the grate plate is located between the top plate and the base and is connected through a spike-groove to the walls of the furnace unit using a heat-resistant cord and a heat-resistant sealant. The total number of furnace parts is 14 pieces, the wall thickness of the furnace is 10 mm, the upper part of the furnace has a reinforced structure due to the prevailing plate thickness of 17 mm, and the thickness of the upper plate in the maximum heat-loaded part is 24 mm.

In the drawing, the following components of the furnace are marked with positions:

- tunnel;

- afterburner;

- grate;

- base;

- flame arrester (first part);

- flame arrester (second part);

- upper plate;

- grate plate;

- door leaf;

- door frame;

- side wall

- rear wall

- front wall.

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The oven consists of 14 parts connected in series with each other using a sealant and a cord. Most of the furnace parts are made flat to ensure the compactness of the furnace during storage and transportation. Also, the simple shape of the parts can improve the manufacturability of casting molds. Furnace walls may be ribbed. The grate is mounted on a grate plate located between the top plate and the base. The grate plate can be connected to the walls of the combustion unit using the tenon-groove method, or it can be installed on protrusions on the walls of the combustion unit. A fire-resistant cord and a heat-resistant sealant can be used in the connection. The design also has a composite flame arrester located under the smoke outlet, which acts as a chipper tooth and a grate. The composite flame arrester is located above the grate, and the first part of the flame arrester is connected by the tongue-and-groove method to the front and side walls, or by the tongue-and-groove method to the front wall and is mounted on ledges located on the side walls of the combustion unit. The second (movable) part of the flame arrester is mounted on protrusions located on the side walls of the combustion unit and on the first (fixed) part of the flame arrester. These elements of the furnace are made of gray cast iron, a material resistant to temperature extremes, slightly susceptible to scale formation and thinning during fuel combustion.

In the process of manufacturing elements of a cast-iron furnace, either high-quality cast iron or gray cast iron can be used, the wall thickness of the furnace is 10 mm, the upper part of the furnace has a reinforced structure with a predominant plate thickness of 17 mm, and the thickness of the maximum heat-loaded part of the upper plate is 24 mm.

The special design of the furnace space allows to increase the efficiency due to a more complete use of the thermal energy of fuel combustion and additional heating of the top of the furnace with exhaust gases.

To ensure the safe use of the sauna stove, its design includes: a furnace tunnel (fuel channel) and a cast-iron door. The furnace tunnel is necessary for the process of heating the furnace from the room adjacent to the steam room, and serves to pass through a non-combustible wall. The cast iron door serves as an excellent insulator, it consists of a frame and a canvas, with a locking device in the form of a hook-handle and a blower for supplying air to the furnace part and regulating the rate of fuel burning.

An ash pan is located at the bottom of the furnace, which is necessary for convenient extraction of ash and regulation of the air supply to the burning fuel.

A special recess (heater) is provided in the upper part of the stove for placing stones that are heated from the walls of the stove, retain heat for a long time and serve as additional elements for heating the bathhouse and producing water vapor.

The design of the furnace is a single element of the combustion unit, assembled in series from the cast-iron elements of the furnace with the help of a refractory sealant and a heat-resistant cord. The furnace is delivered unassembled for sale. In the lower part of the firebox there is a plate containing a grate. The combustion channel is a thick-walled cast-iron element with a door fixed on it, through which the furnace is fired. The combustion channel has narrow and wide parts. The narrow part of the channel is connected to the combustion unit, and in the opposite, wide part, there is a furnace door. The combustion channel is fixed directly to the combustion unit using a fire-resistant sealant and a refractory cord.

Sauna stove dimensions:

height (including the smoke outlet) - 600-620 mm;

depth (including the combustion channel) - 777-797 mm;

firebox depth - 440-460 mm;

furnace tunnel length - 240-260 mm;

door width - 405-42510 mm;

furnace weight - 187.2-197.2 kg.

The connection of the main elements of the furnace during its installation was made sequentially using a heat-resistant sealant and a refractory cord around the perimeter of each element. Each element has a recess along the perimeter, used for laying a refractory cord.

The walls of all elements have different thicknesses of the material, which is due to the different temperature load on each element and leads to a decrease in the weight of the device assembly.

The side walls are 10 mm thick. The top plate has a thickness of 17 mm, and in the maximum heat-loaded part 24 mm.

Additionally, in places where there are structural stiffeners, the wall thickness is 10-12 mm (due to the cast iron casting method). The casting tolerance for wall thicknesses is 1 mm.

During the operation of the sauna stove, exhaust gases pass from the combustion chamber through the so-called labyrinth, thereby evenly distributing heat to all walls of the combustion unit. Initially, the exhaust gases move upwards from the burning fuel, then, hitting the top plate - the flame arrester, move to the side, to the free exit upwards, hit the upper wall of the upper body of the furnace and move, by physical properties, upwards into the smoke outlet.

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The design has a composite flame arrester that performs the function of a “chip tooth”. The toothpicker closes the direct-flow channel for the exit of exhaust gases by directing the flow of gases along a more complex path to evenly distribute the temperature of these outgoing gases.

To increase the time for maintaining the set temperature and humidity in the steam room, the design of the sauna stove has a special recess (heater) for placing stones. The stones are laid throughout the recess in such a way that natural gaps of 1-3 cm remain between the stones for natural air circulation and uniform heat removal from the upper wall of the furnace.

Claims (4)

CLAIM 1. A sauna stove containing a top plate, a base, a combustion unit with a grate installed on a grate and a flame arrester, in which the combustion channel has a narrow and wide part, the combustion channel is connected to the combustion unit by a narrow part, and the furnace door is located in the opposite wide part , while all connections of the combustion unit are made through a tenon groove and a refractory cord and a heat-resistant sealant are laid in all such joints, and the combustion channel itself is fixed directly to the combustion unit using a heat-resistant sealant and a refractory cord, a two-piece flame arrester is located under the smoke outlet pipe and above the grate plate, wherein the first part of the flame arrester is fixedly connected through a tenon groove to the front and side walls or through a tenon groove to the front wall and is mounted on protrusions located on the side walls of the combustion unit, and the second part of the flame arrester is movably mounted on protrusions located on the side walls. st on the edges of the combustion unit and on the first part of the flame arrester. 2. Sauna stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate is located between the top plate and the base. 3. Sauna stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate plate is connected through a tenon groove with the walls of the combustion unit using a heat-resistant cord and heat-resistant sealant. 4. Sauna stove according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the total number of parts of the stove is 14 pieces, the wall thickness of the furnace is 10 mm, the upper part of the furnace has a reinforced structure due to the prevailing plate thickness of 17 mm, and the thickness of the upper plate in the most heat-loaded part is 24 mm.