RU2734795C1 - Method for increasing amaranth feed mass productivity and quality - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to fodder production. In autumn, wide-row annual leguminous crop is sown of Alexandrine clover, and in the spring between rows amaranth seeds are sown. Green mass of the binary mixture is mown at height of 7–10 cm during budding of Alexandrine clover. Mowed grass is fed with boron-containing mineral water in amount of 200–250 l/ha, in which the biopreparation Nikfan is dissolved with dose of 20–25 ml/ha, and at the end of vegetation green mass is removed for silage.

EFFECT: method allows to improve nutrition value and value of the feed mixture, enhance its quality and productivity.

1 cl, 1 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to feed production and can be used in animal feeding.

The known method, in which amaranth is grown in mixed crops with Sudanese grass or corn in a certain ratio (patent No. 2654621, published 05/21/2018, bull. No. 15, IPC А01В 79/02).

In the known method, an increase in feed is obtained due to the introduction of mineral fertilizers, including nitrogen, as a result of which nitrates harmful to the animal's body may be present in the green mass of the feed used.

There is also known a method in which amaranth is cultivated in a mixture with sylphia pierced-leaved, which is sown broadly in autumn, and in the spring, when processing row spacings, amaranth is sown (patent No. 2343665, published 01.20.2009, bull. No. 30, IPC А01В 79/02).

In the known method, forage crops are cultivated for silage, which does not provide the nutritional value of the forage in the spring and summer period.

The closest technical solution is a method where amaranth is sown in the aisles for sowing clover (patent No. 2670165, published on October 18, 2018, bull. No. 29, IPC А23К 10/30).

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that sparse crops of clover provide insufficient yield of green mass with one cut.

The technical result is an increase in the productivity and quality of the amaranth feed mass.

The technical solution of the declared object is that in the fall, a wide-row one-year legume crop of Alexandria clover is sown, and in the spring, amaranth seeds are sown in the aisles and the green mass of the binary mixture is mowed at a height of 7-10 cm during the budding phase of Alexandria clover, and the mown grass stand is fed with mineral boron water in the amount of 200-250 l / ha, in which the biological product Nikfan is dissolved with a dose of 20-25 ml / ha and at the end of the growing season the green mass is harvested for silage. The method is carried out as follows.

Leguminous grasses most fully meet the requirements of modern forage production, because provide cheap feed, improve soil, are the best precursors for common crops and are good phytosanitary.

Neutral amino acids (C: N = 10-20: 1) predominate in the root exudates of legumes; microbiological processes are aimed at preserving and accumulating nitrogen, which increases soil fertility. When legumes fall off, more nitrogen is formed, and less in the C: N ratio.

With an increase in the proportion of legumes in the herbage, microbiological processes in the soil are activated due to the release of carbohydrates into the soil (150 mg / g of dry matter of roots). In the rhizosphere of leguminous grasses, a high number of nitrifying bacteria, free-living nitrogen-fixing agents, actinomycetes has been established, due to the increased protein content in plants, the release of nitrogen in the form of ammonium during the mineralization of amino acids of dead plant mass, which makes it possible to significantly increase the biological capacity of the environment, in most of the number of invertebrates, and serves as an indicator ecosystem stability. As a result of the activation of microbiological processes in the soil under the legumes, the amount of total humus increases.

Amaranth, as a high-protein crop (16-17%), requires a significant amount of nitrogen in the soil. Therefore, in order to increase the productivity and quality of fodder from amaranth, Alexandrian clover was sown in wide rows in autumn, and amaranth seeds treated with a growth stimulator in the spring in the aisles. In the phase of flowering (budding) of clover, the green mass of both crops was mown for green forage, at a height of 7-10 cm, since with such a cut the grass grows faster after mowing, and the remaining herbage was irrigated with a mixture of Nikfan solution with Zamankul mineral water in an amount of 20-25 ml for 200-250 liters of mineral water

Nikfan is a biological preparation obtained as a result of the cultivation of microorganisms, does not contain chemical insecticides, fungicides and chemical growth stimulants. In its production, only natural food ingredients and microorganisms are used, it has a pronounced polyfunctional effect and provides faster regrowth after cutting, increased nitrogen fixation, photosynthesis, leaf surface of plants and, as a consequence, increased productivity and quality of plants.

Boron-containing mineral water Zamankul (local origin - RNO-Alania) is rich in trace elements (mg / dm ³ ): boron - 180, bromine - 330, iodine - 16, lithium - 56, rubidium - 4.2, cesium - 0.58, cobalt, zinc, arsenic, chromium, strontium, molybdenum, barium, lead, copper, silicon not exceeding 100 mg, necessary for plant growth and development.

After 1.5-2 months, the overgrown green mass of the binary mixture is harvested for silage.

Substantiation of the selected parameters of the method is confirmed experimentally.

Example 1. In the first ten days of September, an annual legume crop of Alexandria clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) was sown in wide rows (45 cm) with a seeding rate of 8 kg / ha. In the spring, in the first ten days of May, amaranth seeds were sown in the aisles of clover with a seeding rate of 1 kg / ha.In the budding phase of Alexandria clover, the binary mixture was mowed at a height of 7 cm for green fodder, and the remaining grass stand was fed with a mixture of boron-containing mineral water Zamankul in an amount of 200 l / ha, in which the biological product Nikfan was dissolved in an amount of 20 ml. After 1.5-2 months, the regrown green mass of both grasses was harvested for silage. The yield of green mass of both crops reached more than 30 t / ha. At the same time, the quality of green mass increased.

Example 2. The method was carried out as in the first example, and in contrast to it, the mowing of the green mass of both crops was mowed at a high-rise of 10 cm, after which the grass stand was fed with mineral water in an amount of 250 l / ha with the addition of Nikfan 25 ml / ha.

The results of the experiments are summarized in the table

Consequently, the joint sowing of amaranth with an annual type of clover, mowing of the aboveground biomass, foliar feeding of the growing grass stand, provides an increase in productivity up to 142 t / ha for two cuts and an improvement in quality with a high content of nutrients.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the productivity and quality of amaranth, including growing a culture in a binary mixture and mowing it, characterized in that from the fall a wide-row one-year legume crop of Alexandria clover is sown, and in the spring amaranth seeds are sown in the aisles, the green mass of the binary mixture is mowed at a height of 7-10 cm in the budding phase of Alexandria clover, and the cut grass stand is fed with boron-containing mineral water in an amount of 200-250 l / ha, in which the biological product Nikfan is dissolved at a dose of 20-25 ml / ha, and at the end of the growing season the green mass is harvested for silage.