RU2721800C1 - Method of producing biocomposite fodder additive for farm animals and poultry - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fodder production.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fodder production, in particular, to a method for production of biocomposite fodder additive for farm animals and poultry. Method of producing the biocomposite fodder additive for farm animals and poultry involves mixing biological material powder and montmorillonite-containing clay powder. Montmorillonite-containing clay is preliminarily sedimentally enriched, then it is activated with hydrochloric acid 10 %, then it is washed with purified water till neutral medium, dried at temperature no more than 900 °C and ground on ball mill to particle size of not more than 10 mcm. Biological material used is biomass of fodder yeast Pichia pastoris, Faex medicinalis, Saccaromicete spp, or combinations thereof, which are poured with 5 % solution of alkali in ratio 4:5 and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature, after which alkali is neutralized with citric acid powder in stoichiometric ratio while stirring at room temperature until neutral medium is achieved. Then biomass is settled and decanted supernatant fluid, then biomass is heated to 40 °C and gradually with constant mechanical mixing is added to prepared montmorillonite-containing clay. Biomass of fodder yeast is taken in amount of 80–90 wt%, and montmorillonite-containing clay in amount of 20–10 wt%. Mixture is thoroughly stirred for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying at t=65 °C to moisture content of not more than 30 %. Dried composition is ground to finely dispersed homogeneous medium.

EFFECT: using the invention enables preventing gastrointestinal diseases and intoxication of various aetiologies.

1 cl, 10 ex, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, feed production and can be used to obtain a feed additive for the prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and intoxications of various etiologies in farm animals and poultry due to the binding of mycotoxins.

One of the most important factors in increasing the productivity of farm animals is to provide the farm with high-quality feed. Low-value coarse feed, waste from the food and agricultural industries, are used as a feed base, which allows to save high-quality grain. But at the same time, it is roughage that most often undergoes rotting, mold microflora, exhaust gases, residual chemicalization from fertilizers, etc. As a result of such phenomena, conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microorganisms, toxic waste products of fungi — mycotoxins, heavy metal ions, radionuclides, half-life products of organic phenols, which negatively affect the animal’s health, get into the feed. Thus, the presence of a sorbent should be one of the most important components of biological additives for feeding animals with roughage.

Currently, various natural mineral sorbents are used, which are subsequently crushed in crushers, ball, planetary and vibratory mills to achieve small particle sizes in order to increase the sorption surface.

Known antibacterial properties of montmorillonite containing clay deposits of the Belgorod region, which in concentrations of 12.5; 25-50 and 50-100 mg / ml inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis (Bukhanov V.D., Vezentsev A.I., et al. Antibacterial properties of montmorillonite-containing sorbents // Scientific statements of BelSU. Series of Natural Sciences. - 2011. - No. 21 (116) - Issue 17. - S. 57-63). It has also been proven that the combined use of modified montmorillonite-containing clay with entrofloxacin and thymol provides local detoxification, has an antiadhesive effect on the pathogenic intestinal microflora, and thereby reduces the treatment time for sick animals (Zuev N.P., Bukhanov V.D. et al. Efficiency of composite preparations based on nanostructured montmorillonite-containing clays in bird escherichiosis // Innovations in the agricultural sector: problems and prospects. - 2018. - No. 1. (17). - P. 169 - 175.).

A known method of obtaining a feed additive from bentonite clay, salt, precipitate and magnesium oxide. The additive is prepared by mechanical mixing and fed depending on the daily milk yield. (RF patent 2081611 from 1997.06.20)

There is a method of producing a feed additive to increase the resistance and productivity of farm animals and poultry (Patent No. 2294648 from 2007.03.10) by mixing the following ingredients: oregano essential oil (oregano) and bentonite in the following ratio, wt.%: Oregano essential oil ( oregano) 3.0-7.0; bentonite rest. The feed additive is highly effective and improves the resistance and productivity of farm animals and poultry.

There is a method of obtaining a feed additive "Seleben" (Patent No. 2432774 from 2011.11.10), by preparing a mixture of bentonite Tarn-Var deposits of the Republic of Tatarstan and diacetophenonyl selenide. Moreover, the preparation of bentonite and diacetophenonyl selenide in the form of fine powders are mixed in the proportion: bentonite - from 8 g to 13 g, diacetophenonyl selenide - from 1 mg to 3 mg. Using the invention allows to activate protein, carbohydrate, mineral and vitamin metabolism, increase the amount of total protein and glucose in the blood, increase the body's natural resistance by enhancing the phagocytic activity of leukocytes. Feeding supplements enhances reproductive function in animals, provides an increase in live weight gain in animals, animals and birds, as well as the safety of the livestock.

The disadvantage of these methods for producing feed additives is that their effectiveness with respect to the binding of mycotoxins is not indicated.

There is a method of producing a feed additive for farm animals and poultry (Patent No. 2579219 dated 2016.04.10), obtained by mixing the biomass of Kombucha Medusomyces Gisevii Lindau and culture fluid, where a gamma-sterilized homogenate (powder) of bee death is used as a power source, a product of water extraction of the bark of coniferous and deciduous trees in the form of powder, flask, bentonite and grass meal. The use of the invention allows to stimulate metabolic processes, as well as remove heavy metals and mycotoxins from the body of animals. The disadvantage is the difficulty of obtaining and high cost.

In the practice of feeding, to eliminate mycotoxins from food and feed raw materials in the Russian Federation, the domestic complex preparation Fungistat is widely used, the production method of which is described in RF patent No. 2420565 (published on June 10, 2011). The method of obtaining the biological product "Fungistat" involves mixing in a 5: 1 ratio a sorbent selected from aluminosilicates and a sorbent selected from layered sorbents, combining the resulting mixture with riboxin, lecithin, L-carnitine, an organic acid selected from the group comprising succinic acid and propionic acid, or their salt, a mixture of oligofructose and inulin (30:70) and an enzymatic proteolytic preparation based on the culture fluid of Bacillus subtilis bacteria.

Known feed additive "Carbitox" (Liman ES, Reznichenko L.V. The effectiveness of the sorption capacity of Carbitox in relation to various mycotoxins // Scientific notes of the Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine named after NE Baumen. 2013. –P. 237 - 241), the production method of which is mixing mineral sorbents (zeolites, bentonites, silicon oxides, opal), a fermented mixture of mono-, oligosaccharides, pectin, as well as a probiotic component immobilized on phytosorbent (3 strains of Bacillus subtillis, 1 strain of Bacillus licheniformis ) The disadvantage of this method is the inclusion of a large amount of amorphous silica (zeolites, opal), which reduce the sorption capacity per unit mass of feed and prevent the binding of mycotoxins.

The closest in technical solution is the method of obtaining the sorbent Mikosorb company Alltech, (US Patent 6045834. Compositions and methods fortremoval of mycotoxins from animal feed. 2000). The patent states that the method includes obtaining biological material in the form of a powder of yeast cell wall extract selected from the group consisting of Saccharomycetes, Candida, Kluveromycetes, Torulaspora, or a combination thereof, in an amount of from about 90% to about 99%, which is mixed with a powdered mineral clay in an amount of from about 1% to about 10%, because The physical form of Mikosorb is a dry, loose powder suitable for direct inclusion in animal feed or as an additive to the general mixed diet. A mixture of mineral clay and the cell wall of the yeast neutralizes microtoxins due to a synergistic effect. A method of producing an extract powder of the above yeast includes modifying the mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) part of the yeast cell wall by exposing the yeast organism from about 5% to about 20% alcohol during growth, for example during fermentation, which leads to thickening of the yeast cell wall and increase the surface area available for binding of mycotoxins in the resulting cell wall extract. According to the invention, any of a number of standard commercially available alcohols can be used, including but not limited to methyl, ethyl and isopropyl alcohols. The obtained yeast cell wall extract is washed several times by centrifugation to remove intracellular components and concentrate the extract. The resulting extract concentrate can be dried by any of a number of methods known in the art, including spray drying or drum drying, to form a hygroscopic, water-soluble powder.

The disadvantage of the method of obtaining the sorbent Mikosorb is the need to use a modified yeast extract of the yeast cell wall and the complexity of the method for modifying the yeast wall.

The technical task of the patented invention is to develop a method for producing a biocomposite feed additive for farm animals and poultry, which can be used in the prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and intoxications of various etiologies.

The technical result of the task is a high sorption ability and increased efficiency of binding of mycotoxins in vitro by a biocomposite feed additive obtained by the proposed method.

The problem is solved by the proposed method, including mixing the powder of biological material and powder of mineral clay, which introduced the following new features:

- sedimentation-enriched MSH is activated with hydrochloric acid 10%, after which it is washed with purified distilled water to a neutral medium, dried at a temperature of not more than 105 ° C and crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns;

- biological material in the form of biomass of fodder yeast Pichia pastoris, Faex medicinalis,, Saccaromicete spp, or combinations thereof, is poured with a 5% alkali solution in a ratio of 4: 5 and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The alkali is neutralized with citric acid powder in a stoichiometric ratio with stirring at room temperature until a neutral medium is reached, then the biomass is settled and the supernatant is decanted, then the biomass is heated to 40 ° and gradually the prepared MSH is added with constant mechanical stirring, while the biomass of fodder yeast is taken in quantity 80-90 wt.%, And MSH in an amount of 20-10 wt.%.

- The mixture is thoroughly mixed for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying at t = 65 ° C to a moisture content of not more than 30%.

- The dried composition is ground to a finely divided homogeneous medium.

The composition may include, but not necessarily, supplements in the form of amino acids, vitamins, trace elements, essential fatty acids, and other biologically active substances.

A method of obtaining a biocomposite feed additive for farm animals and poultry is as follows:

Montmorillonite containing clay in water is sedimented, for which the suspension is first incubated for 24 hours, stirred for one minute and the suspension is again sedimented for 20 minutes, then the supernatant suspension with clay particles less than 10 microns in size is taken from the upper 10-cm layer, settle for another 10 minutes and after sedimentation of the suspension, clarified water is decanted, then the precipitate is enriched in MSH in an oven at 70-105 ° C. After the enriched MSH is crushed to a homogeneous consistency. After that, the enriched MSH is crushed to a homogeneous consistency and activated with hydrochloric acid 10%, in the ratio of 1 part clay to 2 parts of acid at room temperature until the gas bubbles cease to precipitate, then it is washed with purified distilled water to a neutral medium, dried at a temperature of not more than 105 ° C and crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns.

The biological material in the form of biomass of fodder yeast Pichia pastoris, Faex medicinalis,, Saccaromicete spp, or combinations thereof, is poured with a 5% alkali solution in a ratio of 4: 5 and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The alkali is neutralized with citric acid powder in a stoichiometric ratio with stirring at room temperature until a neutral medium is reached, then the biomass is settled and the supernatant is decanted, then the biomass is heated to 40 ° C and gradually the prepared MSH is added with constant mechanical stirring, while the biomass of feed yeast is taken into the amount of 80-90 wt.%, and MSH in the amount of 20-10 wt.%. The mixture is thoroughly mixed for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying at t = 65 ° C to a moisture content of not more than 30%. The dried composition is ground to a finely divided homogeneous medium.

A comparative analysis of the invention shows that the main difference from the prototype in the claimed method is that the raw materials are not modified yeast extract of the cell wall of the yeast, but the yeast microorganisms Pichia pastoris or Faex medicinalis, or Saccaromicete spp, or combinations thereof, pre-processed alkali and then neutralized with acid.

The invention is characterized by the following graphic materials:

FIG. 1 Comparative characteristic of the sorption ability to absorb dye methylene blue.

Figure 2 Table 1 "Sorption efficiency of the claimed biocomposite in comparison with native clay and the prototype."

The invention can be illustrated by the following examples of its specific implementation.

Example 1

Montmorillonite containing clay in water is sedimented by soaking the suspension for 24 hours, agitate for one minute and sediment the suspension for 20 minutes, then add a supernatant suspension with a clay particle size of less than 10 microns from the upper 10-centimeter layer, assert another 10 minutes and after sedimentation of the suspension, clarified water is decanted, then the precipitate is enriched in MSH in an oven at 70-105 ° C. With the appropriate equipment, the drying process can be carried out at temperatures up to 900 ° C, which reduces the duration of the process, but increases its energy intensity. After the enriched MSH is crushed to a homogeneous consistency. Then the MSH is activated with hydrochloric acid 10%, after which it is washed with purified distilled water to a neutral medium, dried at a temperature of not more than 105 ° C and crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns.

Example 2

Obtaining a biocomposition with a content of 20% MSH

The biomass of the yeast composition Pichia pastoris and Faex medicinalis (1: 1) 500 g is poured with a 5% alkali solution of 400 ml and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The alkali is neutralized with citric acid 7 g, the supernatant is decanted and decanted, the remaining biomass is heated to 40 ° C and 125 g of enriched MSH are added with constant mechanical stirring. The mixture is thoroughly mixed for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying at t = 65 ° C to a moisture content of not more than 30%. Then crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns.

Example 3

Obtaining a biocomposition with a content of 15% MSH.

The biomass of the yeast composition Pichia pastoris and Saccaromicete spp (1: 1) 500 g is poured with a 5% alkali solution of 400 ml and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The alkali is neutralized with citric acid 7 g, the supernatant is settled and decanted, the remaining biomass is heated to 40 ° C and 88 g of enriched MSH are added with constant mechanical stirring. The mixture is thoroughly mixed for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying at t = 65 ° C to a moisture content of not more than 30%. Then crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns.

Example 4

Obtaining a biocomposition with a content of 10% MSH.

The biomass of the yeast composition Faex medicinalis and Saccaromicete spp (1: 1) 500 g is poured with a 5% alkali solution of 400 ml and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The alkali is neutralized with citric acid 7 g, the supernatant is settled and decanted, the remaining biomass is heated to 40 ° C and 55.5 g of enriched MSH are added with constant mechanical stirring. The mixture is thoroughly mixed for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying t = 65 ° C to a moisture content of not more than 30%. Then crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns.

Example 5

Obtaining a biocomposition with a content of 10% MSH.

The biomass of the yeast composition Pichia pastoris, Faex medicinalis and Saccaromicete spp (1: 1: 1) 500 g is poured with a 5% alkali solution of 400 ml and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The alkali is neutralized with citric acid 7 g, the supernatant is settled and decanted, the remaining biomass is heated to 40 ° C and 55.5 g of enriched MSH are added with constant mechanical stirring. The mixture is thoroughly mixed for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying t = 65 ° C to a moisture content of not more than 30%. Then crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns.

Example 6

Obtaining a biocomposition with a content of 20% MSH.

500 g Pichia pastoris yeast biomass is poured with a 400% 5% alkali solution and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The alkali is neutralized with citric acid. 7 g are sedimented and the supernatant is decanted, the remaining biomass is heated to 40 ° C and 125 g of enriched MSH are added with constant mechanical stirring. The mixture is thoroughly mixed for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying at t = 65 ° C to a moisture content of not more than 30%. Then crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns.

Example 7

Obtaining a biocomposition with a content of 15% MSH.

Saccaromicete spp yeast biomass 500 g is poured with a 5% alkali solution of 400 ml and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The alkali is neutralized with citric acid 7 g, the supernatant is settled and decanted, the remaining biomass is heated to 40 ° C and 88 g of enriched MSH are added with constant mechanical stirring. The mixture is thoroughly mixed for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying t = 65 ° C to a moisture content of not more than 30%. Then crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns

Example 8

Obtaining a biocomposition with a content of 10% MSH.

The 500 g Faex medicinalis yeast biomass is poured with a 5% alkali solution of 400 ml and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The alkali is neutralized with citric acid 7 g, the supernatant is settled and decanted, the remaining biomass is heated to 40 ° C and 55.5 g of enriched MSH are added with constant mechanical stirring. The mixture is thoroughly mixed for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying t = 65 ° C to a moisture content of not more than 30%. Then crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns

Example 9

The study of the adsorption efficiency of the biocomposition prepared according to methods 2, 3, 4,5, 6, 7, and 8, as well as the Mikosorb preparation according to the prototype, was carried out according to the method described in GOST 4453-74. Figure 1 presents a comparative characteristic of the adsorption capacity of the claimed composition for the absorption of the dye methylene blue. It can be seen that the biocomposition prepared according to examples 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 has an adsorption capacity for dye methylene blue almost two times greater than that of the prototype.

Example 10

To determine the sorption ability of the proposed biocomposite, the standard method was used - the In Vitro Method described in the source (Malkov M.A., Bogomolov V.V., Dankova T.V., Krasnov K.A. Mycotoxins - a strategy for eliminating their effect on the body farm animals and poultry // Tsenovik. 2012. - No. 1 (181) - S.74–89). According to this method, based on the difference between the amount of adsorption of toxins during the stay in the stomach and the amount of desorption of the toxin released from the sorbent during the residence of the feed in the intestine, the practical coefficient of performance (PCPD), which is a criterion for assessing the quality of mycosorbent, is determined. PCAP has a percentage. The higher it (Net Efficiency), the more efficient the adsorption, therefore, the amount of deactivated and bound mycotoxin increases. The sorption of mycotoxins is quantified by changing the pH, which allows you to simulate a change in the acidity of the medium in the digestive tract of animals.

For research, mycotoxins fumonisin, T-2 toxin and zearalenone were obtained in laboratory conditions by direct contamination under aseptic conditions of sunflower and soybean meal with toxigenic strains of mold fungi of the genera Aspergillus ochraceus, Penicillium viridicatum and Fusarium gramineum extraction using methods of extraction IFA.

The results of the determination of PCPD in relation to the sorption efficiency of the claimed biocomposite obtained by the above examples in comparison with native clay and the prototype are shown in table 1 in figure 2.

The results of the study, shown in table 1, showed that the PCPD in relation to the sorption efficiency of the claimed biocomposite obtained in examples 2-8 is much higher in comparison with Mikosorb and native clay.

Thus, the task to create a method of producing a biocomposite feed additive for the binding of mycotoxins, which can be used in the prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and intoxications of various etiologies in farm animals and birds, has been achieved.

Claims (1)

A method of producing a biocomposite feed additive for farm animals and poultry, comprising mixing a powder of biological material and a powder of montmorillonite-containing clay, the montmorillonite-containing clay being pre-sedimented and activated with 10% hydrochloric acid, then washed with purified distilled water to a neutral environment, dried at a temperature not more than 900 ° C and crushed in a ball mill to a particle size of not more than 10 microns, and biological material, which is used as biomass of feed yeast Pichia pastoris, Faex medicinalis, Saccaromicete spp or combinations thereof, is poured with a 5% alkali solution in a ratio of 4 : 5 and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature, after which the alkali is neutralized with citric acid powder in a stoichiometric ratio while stirring at room temperature until a neutral medium is reached, then the biomass is settled and the supernatant is decanted, then the biomass is heated They are melted to 40 ° C and gradually, with constant mechanical stirring, the prepared montmorillonite-containing clay is added, while the biomass of feed yeast is taken in an amount of 80-90 wt.%, and the montmorillonite-containing clay in an amount of 20-10 wt.%, the mixture is thoroughly mixed for at least 40 minutes and subjected to soft drying at t = 65 ° C to a moisture content of not more than 30%, the dried composition is ground to a finely divided homogeneous medium.

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