RU2376863C2 - Fodder additive for sheep - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to zootechnics, veterinary science, processing of agricultural produce, plant growing, biotechnology, and is intended for use in feeding of livestock and creation of biotechnological methods for preservation of head of livestock, and also for improvement of ecological status of animals and environment. Fodder additive for sheep includes methionine, "Bifidumbacterin", biologically active fodder additive "Bioakton" and vegetable additive made of stevia, which consists of 30% leaves of total weight and 70% of stems of total weight.

EFFECT: use of invention makes it possible to activate protein-carbohydrate exchange, to normalise microflora of gastrointestinal track, to improve digestibility of fodders, which results in increase of live weight, to improve indices of meat and wool productivity.

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Description

The invention relates to livestock, veterinary medicine, processing of agricultural products, crop production, biotechnology, is intended for use in feeding farm animals, feed production, creating biotechnological methods for maintaining the livestock of farm animals and increasing productivity indicators, as well as to improve the ecological status of animals and the environment.

It is known that most Australian farmers feed sheep during the summer with oats, wheat. Article V.A. Moroz. Merino Australia. Moscow. Ear. 1992.357 s.

Lactobacilli of the Lb group are known. Acidophilus in the form of the biobacton supplement containing up to 10 ⁹ bacterial Lb cells. Acidophilus having an acidogenic effect. “Biobacton” is safe: it contains live microorganisms that “colonize” the digestive tract and have the ability to inhibit or inhibit the growth of bacteria that cause gastrointestinal upset. According to the mechanism of action, Biobactone fills the deficit of acidophilus rods and has a high antagonistic activity against a wide range of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, which leads to the displacement of the latter from intestinal microbiocenosis and the creation of favorable conditions for normalizing microflora and digestive tract function, metabolic processes (cm. Instructions for the use of biologically active additives "Biobacton" and biomedical characteristics, FSUE Research Institute for the integrated use of milk raw materials, Stavropol).

The second representative of beneficial microflora are bifidobacteria of the Bifidobacterium bifidum group in the form of the Bifidumbacterin drug (developed by the Allergen Scientific and Production Association, Stavropol).

They have a bifidogenic effect and provide activation of the immune system, the formation of non-specific immune bodies, lower the pH of the intestinal contents, and create unfavorable conditions for the development of pathogenic microflora. Trukhachev V.I., Filenko V.F., Chabaev M.G., Khramtsov A.G. Bifidogenic feed additives in the feeding of young farm animals and poultry. Methodical instructions. Agrus Publishing House, Stavropol, 2004. The Bifidobacterin drug is manufactured at the Allergen plant in Stavropol.

It is known that the leaves and stems of stevia contain fiber, fat, protein, carotene, calcium, trace elements, amino acids and biological extractives (steviazide complex) and are recommended for use as feed additives. VN Zadorozhnaya, V. O. Cherkashina, V. I. Zhabina, etc. The use of stevia for the development of new-generation feed additives. Materials of the III international scientific-practical conference "Modern technological and breeding aspects of the development of animal husbandry in Russia." Scientific works of the VIZH, issue 63, volume 2. Dubrovitsy. 2005.

It is known that natural mineral components are used to increase productive qualities. RF patent No. 2056765, class A23K. “Feed additive for animals” contains mineral components - zeolite 15-25% and finely divided sulfur (75-85%).

Known RF patent No. 2179400, class. A23K 1/16, A61K 35/78, “Growth-promoting additive from plant materials”, which includes a mixture of plant materials containing biologically active penta- and tetracyclic alcohols (phytosterols), and soluble sugar, subjected to mechanochemical activation in the following ratio of components, wt. %: plant materials - 60.0-90.0, soluble sugar 10.0-40.0. The growth-promoting additive contains buckthorn leaves or waste from the production of millet groats as plant material.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect and adopted by the authors for the prototype is a feed additive to increase the production of wool and improve the quality of wool, especially in lambs, including an amino acid protected by a hydrophobic layer comprising a polymer resistant to alkaline pH to release the amino acid at acid pH in the intestines of the animal and containing an effective amount of amino acids - 1.6 g (see. "Patent No. 2060682, Cl. A23K 1/00, 2005).

The disadvantage of this feed additive is the absence in its composition of live biocultures of probiotic microorganisms that have acidogenic and bifidogenic properties to activate enzymatic activity.

The disadvantage of many feed additives is the fact that they do not contain living microorganisms useful for the animal’s organism - bacteria that normalize the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract, increase digestibility and digestibility of feed, as well as herbal supplements that provide protection and ecological balance of the animal’s body and the environment.

The objective of the invention is to develop a feed additive for sheep, which can normalize the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract, provide a more complete digestibility of feed by animals and increase live weight, which will lead to an increase in the main indicators of meat and wool productivity.

The introduction into the feed of probiotic additives containing live biocultures of bacteria with acidogenic and bifidogenic properties to enhance the enzymatic activity and vegetable feed additives from stevia (Stevia Rebaudiana Beatoni), which contains biologically active substances that activate protein-carbohydrate metabolism, as well as mineral additives - methionine, which will replenish diets and will increase the productive indicators of sheep.

The technical result that can be obtained using the present invention is to normalize the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract, improve the digestibility of feed, which leads to an increase in live weight.

The technical result is achieved using a feed additive for sheep, including methionine, characterized in that it contains Bifidumbacterin, biologically active additive Biobacton, a herbal supplement from stevia containing 30% of the leaves of the total mass and 70% of the stevia stems of the total mass , with a ratio of components, wt.%:

Bifidumbacterin 20,0 Biobactone 60.0 Stevia Herbal Supplement 18.5 Mineral supplement methionine 1,5

The essence of the invention is as follows. When preparing a feed additive for sheep, the components are mixed: probiotics in the form of "Bifidumbacterin", "Biobacton", a herbal supplement from stevia and methionine with an optimal ratio of probiotics: "Bifidumbacterin", wt.% - 20, "Biobacton", wt. % - 60, which provides an acidic pH in the intestines of the animal.

Tests of the invention showed that the proposed feed additive compensates for the deficiency of beneficial microorganisms and mineral additives necessary for the correction and normalization of metabolism in sheep, which leads to an increase in meat and wool productivity.

Examples of specific performance of the preparation of feed additives for sheep.

Example 1. When preparing a feed additive for sheep take the following components, wt.%:

Bifidumbacterin 20,0 Biobactone 60.0 Stevia Herbal Supplement 19.5 Methionine 0.5

dry blended and added to the main sheep feed.

Analysis of experimental data on the use of feed additives according to example No. 1 showed an increase in the following indicators in the experimental groups; increase in live weight by 25-30%, growth rate of live weight by 22-25%, rune growths are (200-220 g / head) by 20-22%., an increase in the absolute length of the coat and the growth rate of the coat by 4-6% , wool strength by 7-10%, compared with the control group.

Example 2. The preparation of a feed additive for sheep is carried out analogously to example No. 1.

Bifidumbacterin 20,0 Biobactone 60.0 Stevia Herbal Supplement 19.0 Methionine 1,0

Analysis of experimental data on the use of feed additives according to example No. 2 showed an increase in the following indicators: in the experimental groups, the increase in live weight by 25-30%, the rate of increase in live weight by 28-30%, the rune growths are 220-250 g / head, higher by 22-25%, increase in the absolute length of the coat and the growth rate of the coat by 5-10%, the strength of the coat increases by 7-10%, compared with the control group.

Example 3. The preparation of a feed additive for sheep is carried out analogously to example No. 1.

Bifidumbacterin 20,0 Biobactone 60.0 Stevia Herbal Supplement 18.5 Methionine 1,5

Analysis of experimental data on the use of feed additives according to example No. 3 showed an increase in the following indicators: in the experimental groups, the increase in live weight by 25-30%, the rate of increase in live weight by 28-30%, the rune growths are 220-250 g / head, by 22 -25%, an increase in the absolute length of the coat and the growth rate of the coat by 5-10%, the strength of the coat increases by 10-12% compared with the control group.

Example 4. The preparation of a feed additive for sheep is carried out analogously to example No. 1.

Bifidumbacterin 20,0 Biobactone 60.0 Stevia Herbal Supplement 18.0 Methionine 2.0

The analysis of experimental data on the use of feed additives according to example No. 4 showed that its use leads to an increase in the following indicators: increase in live weight by 25-30%, the rate of increase in live weight by 25-28%, rune growths are 220-240 g / head , by 22-24%, an increase in the absolute length of the coat and growth rate of the coat by 4-8%, the strength of the coat increases by 12% compared to the control group.

Example 5. The preparation of a feed additive for sheep is carried out analogously to example No. 1.

Bifidumbacterin 20,0 Biobactone 60.0 Stevia Herbal Supplement 17.5 Methionine (sulfur) 2.5

The analysis of experimental data on the use of feed additives according to example No. 4 showed that its use leads to an increase in the following indicators: increase in live weight by 25-30%, the rate of increase in live weight by 25-28%, rune growths are 220-240 g / head , by 22-24%, an increase in the absolute length of the coat and growth rate of the coat by 4-8%, the strength of the coat increases by 12% compared to the control group.

Control group: feeding ration - no additives.

The best option for example No. 3 showed an increase in the following indicators: in the experimental groups, the increase in live weight by 25-30%, the rate of increase in live weight by 28-30%, the rune growths are 220-250 g / voice, by 22-25%, an increase the absolute length of the coat and the growth rate of the coat by 5-10%, the strength of the coat increases by 10-12% compared with the control group.

The optimal ratio of probiotics - live cultures of bifidobacteria and acidobacteria (1: 3) and herbal supplements from stevia allows you to create a protective system that ensures the safety of the introduced amino acids in the rumen in the form of free methionine, which contributes to their absorption in the intestine with maximum effect.

COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF A VEGETABLE ADDITIVE FROM STEVIA SHEET MASS

Stevia herbal supplement - consists of stevia processing waste and is a leaf-stem mass containing leaves 30% of the total mass and stems 70% of the total mass.

Table 1 presents the component and zootechnical composition of the herbal supplement from stevia.

Table 1 Component and zootechnical composition of a herbal supplement from stevia Name of components Mass fraction Crude protein,% 10,4-11.2 Crude fiber,% 21.3-24.0 Crude ash,% 11.6-12.1 Crude fat% 1.02-1.13 Moisture% 8.6-10.12 Calcium mg / kg 1.08-1.2 Phosphorus, mg / kg 0.87-0.98 Biological extractive substances (BEV),% 40.8-43.39 Glycosides,% 4.4-4.6 Carotene, mg / kg 16.25-18.2 Permissible mass fraction of nitrates, mg / kg 200 The amount of exchange energy, MJ 10.68 Number of feed units 0.9 The amount of exchange energy, MJ 10.68

Zootechnical analysis of a plant-based feed supplement from stevia leaves and stems shows that it contains: protein - 10.4-11.2%, fat - 1.02-1.13%, raw fiber - 21.3-24.0%, calcium - 1 , 08-1.2 mg / kg, phosphorus - 0.87-0.98 mg / kg, exchange energy - 10.68 MJ.

It is known that animals are able to synthesize certain amino acids from nutrients and other amino acids. Such amino acids are called interchangeable.

Other essential amino acids are lysine, methionine, cysteine, tryptophan, valine, histidine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine and arginine. They cannot be synthesized in the animal’s body and must be supplied with feed. The amino acid content in the vast majority of feeds does not meet the needs of animals.

In order to use stevia as a source of increasing the energy potential of weakened animals and to develop environmentally friendly, biologically active feed additives of a new generation, studies were carried out on the amino acid composition of leaves and stems of stevia.

Table 2 shows the amino acid composition of the leaves and stems of stevia cultivated in the Stavropol Territory.

table 2 Amino acid composition of leaves and stems of stevia No. Name Essential Amino Acids Essential Amino Acids g / kg % g / kg % one Leaves 29.76 47.69 32.64 52.31 2 The stalks 13.64 46.62 15.62 53.38

Amino acid analysis of stevia shows that in leaves and stems, essential and non-essential amino acids are contained in approximately equal amounts. This fact is fundamental for the use of leaves and stems of stevia as a component balanced in the composition of interchangeable and irreplaceable amino acids.

Trace elements. For proper feeding, it is necessary to additionally introduce in the diet of animals supplements containing macro- and microelements.

Copper. With a lack of copper, the normal activity of many systems and organs of the animal is disrupted. The most characteristic signs are anemia, impaired keratinization and pigmentation of the coat, degenerative changes in nerve tissue, developmental delay, growth retardation, decreased reproductive function. So, in lambs and kids, as a result of a lack of copper, ataxia develops, accompanied by degenerative changes in the central nervous system.

Manganese. If animals systematically lose manganese, puberty is delayed in them, ovulation regularity is violated, genital degeneration occurs in males, offspring are born weak, sometimes dead. With a significant deficiency of manganese, alkaline phosphatase activity is suppressed, its content in the bones decreases. Violations of osteogenesis are similar to those with rickets, so this disease is sometimes called manganese rickets. Young farm animals especially suffer from a lack of manganese.

Zinc. Zinc affects the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, blood formation, bone mineralization, has a positive effect on the reproductive function, growth and development of animals. It is established that this element is part of about 70 enzymes. With a lack of zinc in the diet in animals, the appetite decreases, they lag behind in growth, epidermal tissue damage is observed. In males, sperm production decreases, in females, the sexual cycle is disturbed.

Therefore, for proper feeding, it is necessary to additionally introduce in the diet of animals supplements containing macro- and microelements. Table 3 shows the microelement composition of the leaves and stems of stevia.

Table 3 The trace element composition of leaves and stems of stevia, mg / kg Name Manganese Zinc Copper Leaves 14.0 33.8 7.0 The stalks 4.0 7.0 4.2

As a result of studies of the microelement composition of leaves and stems of stevia, data were obtained that the leaves of stevia in comparison with the stems contain 3.5 times more manganese, 4.8 times more zinc, almost 2 times copper.

The herbal supplement from stevia (leaves and stems) is environmentally friendly: the contents of lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, HCH, DDE, DDT, nitrates, etc. are within the limits allowed by SanPiN for plant-based dietary supplements.

The safety indicators of a herbal supplement from stevia are presented in Table 4.

Table 4 Stevia Herbal Supplement Test Results Indicators Allowed Levels ND on test methods Arsenic, mg / kg, not more than 0.5 GOST 9958-81 Mercury, mg \ kg 0.05 GOST 26927 Lead, mg / kg, no more 3.0 GOST 28875-90 Cadmium, mg / kg, no more 0.3 GOST 28875-90 Radionuclides, mg / kg: cesium - 137 200 Bq / kg MU 5779-91 strontium - 90 one hundred Bq / kg MU 5778-91 General toxicity Not allowed GOST R 52 337 Pesticides:
HCST
DDT and its metabolites 0.2
0.05 GOST 13496.20

Microbiological indicators, the content of bacterial semen and pathogenic microflora, according to the "Rules for bacteriological research of feed", herbal supplements from stevia are presented in table 5.

Table 5 Microbiological indicators of a herbal supplement from stevia microbiological indicators Norm Bako seed, no more than 1 g 5 × 10 ⁵ Pathogenic microflora Not allowed

From the data of tables 1-5 it can be seen that the studied samples of the plant-based feed supplement from stevia are within the norms for plant-based dietary supplements.

The stevia feed supplement contains all the components necessary for the new generation feed additives and can be recommended as a biologically active feed supplement for sheep.

BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE ADDITIVES - PROBIOTICS IN THE FORM OF LIVING BIOCULTURES OF MICRO-ORGANISMS

The efficiency of animal feed use depends on a number of factors, including the conditions of keeping and feeding, as well as their genetic potential. To partially replace the missing biologically active substances that stimulate the growth, development and vital activity of the body, as well as normalize the biocenosis, it is necessary to use biologically active additives of microbial origin. In countries with highly developed livestock breeding, probiotics are widely used to prevent intestinal dysbiosis of young farm animals and birds.

Biologically active substances - probiotics are a new class of drugs that affect the body at a systemic level. Their influence affects regular systems, due to which nonspecific resistance of the organism, immunity is activated. Probiotics are presented in the form of the bioactive supplement "Biobacton" and in the form of the immunobiological preparation "Bifidumbacterin dry lyophilisate".

The Biobacton dietary supplement contains up to 10 ⁹ bacterial Lb cells. Acidophilus strain 12 b. This strain of acidophilic lactibacilli is safe: it contains live microorganisms that "colonize" the digestive tract and have the ability to inhibit or inhibit the growth of bacteria that cause gastrointestinal upset. Acidobacteria provide the absorption of calcium, phosphorus, proteins, carbohydrates, have a high vitamin-forming ability, synthesizing up to 70% of vitamins in the body. These bacteria and their vital products neutralize toxic metabolic products (indole, skatol, etc.) and quickly remove them from the body, which helps to increase the immune status and accelerates the immune response to penetration and infection. Possessing high antibiotic activity, acidophilus-milk bacteria suppress the vital activity of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic organisms, and reduce the permeability of the intestinal wall for allergic components.

By the mechanism of action, “Biobactone” compensates for the deficiency of acidophilus rods and has a high antagonistic activity against a wide range of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, which leads to the displacement of the latter from intestinal microbiocenosis and the creation of favorable conditions for the normalization of microflora and digestive tract function, metabolic processes.

The form of the immunobiological preparation “Bifidumbacterin dry lyophilisate” contains bifidobacteria of the Bifidobacterium bifidum group, which have a bifidogenic effect and provide activation of the immune system, the formation of non-specific immune bodies, lower intestinal pH, and create unfavorable conditions for the development of pathogenic microflora.

The invention in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions has the following advantages.

The components of the feed additive for sheep - probiotics in the form of "Biobacton" and "Bifidumbacterin", a herbal supplement from stevia, a mineral supplement - methionine, provide normalization of the microbiocenosis of weakened animals, regulation of the gastrointestinal tract, acceleration of the adaptation period, which leads to an increase in live weight, which and the growth rate of live weight, an increase in the absolute length of the coat and the growth rate of the coat.

In general, a systemic combination of biologically active components of the probiotic feed additive - live cultures of bifidobacteria and acidobacteria, in combination with a biologically active plant supplement from stevia and methionine provides an increase in productive indicators.

Claims (1)

Sheep feed supplement, including methionine, characterized in that it contains Bifidumbacterin, biobactone biologically active feed additive, herbal supplement from stevia containing 30% of the leaves of the total mass and 70% of the stems of the total mass, with a ratio of components wt.%:
"Bifidumbacterin" 20,0 Biobacton 60.0 Stevia Herbal Supplement 18.5 Mineral supplement methionine 1,5