RU2685766C1 - Time device with indication of the period of confrontation of mars - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: watches and other time measuring instruments.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of watchmaking, to clock mechanisms with pointer indication of time, and more specifically to clock mechanisms of complicated type with additional indication functions on the clock of period of Mars opposition. Device of time for indication of cycle of Mars resistance includes housing, clock mechanism and dial, at that, clock mechanism additionally contains indicator of Mars counter cycle (MCC), consisting at least of index of MCC and scale of MCC.EFFECT: creation of a time device with an indicator, which visually shows the position of the current earthly date relative to the cycle of confrontation and period of opposition of Mars and Earth, which can be used both on Earth and on Mars.15 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of clock technology, to clockwork with an arrow indicating time, and, more specifically, to clockwork mechanisms of a complicated type with additional display functions on the clocks of the period of opposition of Mars.

The level of technology.

It is known that a manned flight to Mars is a planned manned flight to Mars with the help of a manned spacecraft. Roscosmos, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the European Space Agency (ESA) have announced their mission to Mars in the 21st century.

Earth and Mars - space neighbors, the orbit of Mars is located next to the orbit of the Earth. The revolution of the Earth in orbit occurs in a year, and Mars - in almost two Earth years (more precisely, in 686, 94 Earth days). Therefore, the Earth, moving in a smaller orbit, first overtakes the slow-moving Mars, but soon, having surpassed it by a circle, again finds itself in the role of a follower. So they have been moving for several billion years, regularly drawing closer and moving away again from each other. Approximations of the Earth and Mars occur approximately every two years; more precisely - an average of 780 days. These events are called "oppositions", since Mars at this time is located in the sky at a point diametrically opposite to the Sun, that is, from the point of view of the earth observer, it is opposed to the Sun. That is, the most convenient time for a flight to Mars is the aforementioned time of Mars confrontation. As pointed out, the Mars opposition is an astronomical definition indicating the minimum distance between Mars and Earth. Since Mars and Earth move in their orbits, which have different sizes and parameters, the Mars oppositions repeat strictly at certain points of its orbit and the Earth's orbits. During the confrontation, the planet is visible in the sky all night (rises in the east in the evening with the setting of the Sun, sets in the west in the morning with the rising of the Sun).

Near confrontations add the best conditions for observing the planets:

- the planets are at the shortest distance from the Earth (but due to the ellipticity of the orbits, the value of the minimum distance changes from year to year);

- they are facing the Earth by a hemisphere illuminated by the Sun, that is, they are in the greatest phase.

At the moment of the Great opposition, the distance to the planet is minimal compared to other oppositions (the difference arises due to the ellipticity of the orbits). Mostly important when observing Mars.

Thus, it can be concluded that the opposition of Mars and Earth is essential for studying Mars, and with the prospective development of astronautics, the “window” of a flight to Mars and from Mars back is possible only during the nearest location of these planets.

It is known that Mars, in contrast to Earth, has a very weak magnetic field, which is about 500 times weaker than Earth's, therefore during solar flares, the surface of Mars is exposed to strong plasma irradiation. The consequence of this may be a failure of electronic devices, in particular, electronic watches, since electronic watches are poorly protected from the effects of electromagnets of the fields and for this reason can be disabled.

In contrast to the electronic clock, the mechanical clock is completely autonomous and not affected by cosmic radiation. That is why the creation of clocks with time indication, intended for use on Mars, is the most important task for future space travelers.

It is known that for outer planets, for example Mars

1 / S = 1 / Z-1 / T, where

S - the synodic period of the planet (the gap between the oppositions)

Z - (sidereal) orbital period of another planet (Earth) (1 year)

T - (sidereal) orbital period of the planet (Mars)

1 / S = 1-1 / T

that is: S = 1 / (1-1 / T)

Total, the synodic period of revolution of Mars, i.e. the time interval between two successive connections of Mars with the Sun when observing it from the Earth is 779.96 or almost 780 Earth days. Thus, the cycle (period) of the opposition of Mars, hereinafter referred to as the MTC, is equal to 780 Earth days.

According to the stated invention, it is proposed to create an indicator that visually shows the position of the current date relative to the cycle of oppositions of Mars and the Earth and the synodic period of Mars.

Task and technical result

Due to the fact that no technical solutions have been identified in the prior art, such as the claimed, the task and technical result of the invention is to create a time device with an indicator that visually shows the position of the current Earth date relative to the opposition cycle and the opposition period of Mars and Earth, which can be used as on Earth and on Mars.

Summary of Invention

The problem is solved, and the required technical result when using the invention is achieved by the fact that the time device for indicating a Mars confrontation cycle contains a case, a clock mechanism and a dial, while the clock mechanism additionally contains an Mars Confrontation Cycle Indicator (MTC) consisting of at least from the pointer TsPM and scale TsPM.

In addition, the clock mechanism contains elements of the switch mechanism, for example, minute tribe, hour wheel, bill tribe, bill wheel.

Also the hour wheel interacts with the daily wheel.

In this case, the watch mechanism additionally contains a reducer, the total gear ratio of which is 780 or a multiple of it.

In this case, the reducer consists of the first tribe of the reducer, the first wheel of the reducer, the second tribe of the reducer, the second wheel of the reducer, the third tribe of the reducer and the third wheel of the reducer.

Also, the gearbox can be additionally equipped with a correction device.

In this case, the correction device is made in the form of an asterisk, a tribe of an asterisk, a clamp, a pin, an additional wheel, and a correction lever.

At the same time devices can be instrument, interior, portable and wrist.

Also, the indicator of the CPM can be made in the form of a movable pointer CPM and a fixed scale of the MTC, or a fixed pointer of the CPM and a movable scale of the CPM.

In addition, the indicator MTC can be made in the form of a moving scale of the MTC and the aperture in the dial of the instrument time.

Also, the point indicating the time period of opposition can be visually highlighted in color.

In addition, the movable element of the indicator MTC move in one direction smoothly around its axis or in a jump-like manner.

At the same time, the orbital period of the moving element of the Mars confrontation cycle indicator is 780 Earth days.

Also, the time device may additionally contain an indication of the current time, an indication of the Martian time, or any other known types of indicators and complications.

The problem is solved, and the required technical result when using the invention is achieved by the fact that in the method of indicating the cycle of opposition of Mars in the above-mentioned device, the period of rotation of the indicator of the cycle of opposition of Mars is 780 Earth days.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Structurally, in the preferred, but not the only mandatory, embodiment, the inventive time device with the opposition indicator includes the following details:

1 - Case

2 - Dial of hours

3 - Hour hand

4 - Minute hand

5 - Dial of the TsPM indicator

6 - SCM scale

7 - MTC pointer

8 - Minute Tribe

9 - Bill of exchange

10 - Bill Tribe

11 - Hour wheel

12 - Daily Wheel

13 - The first tribe gear

14 - First gear wheel

15 - Second Tribune Gearbox

16 - Second gear wheel

17 - Third Tribe Gearbox

18 - Third gear wheel.

19 - Lock

20 - asterisk

21 - Correction lever

22 - Pin

23 - Tribe stars.

24 - Additional wheel.

FIG. 1 shows the appearance of the clock with the display of the MTC.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the indicator MTC, where the months are marked on the scale, while the scale is made stationary, and the MTC indicator is movable.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the indicator MTC, where the numbers of days are marked on the scale, and the date of the opposition is marked with the letter P, while the scale is fixed and the pointer is movable.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the indicator MTC with a movable scale and a fixed pointer.

FIG. 5 shows a structural-functional diagram of a time instrument with a CPM indicator.

FIG. 6 depicts an embodiment of the display mechanism of the MTC.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the indication mechanism of the MTC with a correction device.

The implementation of the invention

As noted above, the applicant has developed a device and method to ensure the manufacture of time devices, made with the ability to indicate the Mars confrontation cycle (MTC). At the same time, on Earth, the indicated clocks can be either mechanically or quartz. At the same time, as a basis for such watches, any standardly produced clock mechanism can be taken. That is, the basic clock mechanism and the switch system can be practically any of those known and used in the watch technique when they perform their normal clock functions. In addition, the clock mechanism can be executed for both the 12-hour display and the 24-hour display.

As noted, to display the MTC, the circulation period of the moving element of the indicator (pointer MTC) must be equal to 780 Earth days, respectively, the mechanism must be performed so that the movable element of the indicator, that is, the pointer MTC performed one revolution in 780 days.

A device for implementing the claimed device and method in general is a clock mechanism with a display system of the MTC.

In this figure 1 shows a possible embodiment of a portable time device with the indicator of the MTC.

In figures 2-4 presents possible options for the implementation of the indicator MTC.

Additionally, for a more detailed understanding of the essence of the claimed solution, FIG. 6 discloses one of the possible embodiments of the device of the time device with the indication function of the MTC and containing an additional gear. As shown in FIG. 6 the minute hand 4 is mounted on the minute tribe 8, the hour hand 3 is mounted on the hub of the hour wheel 11. The arrow (bill) transfer is a standard switch, which is a gearbox with a gear ratio of 1 to 12, and includes minute tribe 8, bill of exchange wheel 9, bill tribe 10 and hour wheel 11.

In this implementation, the watch wheel makes one revolution in 12 hours. With the hour wheel works daily wheel 12, which has twice the number of teeth and making one revolution per day, that is, in 24 hours. On the axis of the daily wheel 12 coaxially mounted the first tribe 13 of the gearbox. The gearbox consists of the first tribe of the gearbox 13, the first wheel of the gearbox 14, the second tribe of the gearbox 15, the second wheel of the gearbox 16, the third tribe of the gearbox 17 and the third wheel of the gearbox 18.

In this version, the number of teeth of the third gear wheel 18-104 teeth, the third tribe gear 17-10 teeth, the second gear wheel 16-80 teeth, the second tribe gear 15-8 teeth, the first wheel gear 14-60 teeth, the first tribe gear 13- 8 teeth. The total gear ratio of the gearbox is 104/10 × 80/8 × 60/8 = 780. This means that with one revolution of the daily wheel 12, the third wheel of the gearbox 18, on which the pointer of the pointer 7 is mounted, will turn 1/780 full turns. In addition, one of the possible embodiments of the device is described below and is shown in FIG. 7

According to FIG. 7 The display mechanism of the DSP is equipped with an optional correction device. On the daily wheel 12 has a pin 22, designed to switch the sprocket 20. The latch 19 is designed to fix the sprocket in a predetermined position. When turning the day wheel 12, the pin 22 pushes the tooth of the sprocket and turns it on one tooth. An asterisk 23 is rigidly mounted on the axis of the sprocket 20, which transmits movement to the additional wheel 24. When the correction lever is pressed, the correction lever 21 rotates and it turns the sprocket 20 by one tooth. The gear ratio of the tribe sprocket 23 and the additional wheel 24 is equal to the number of sprocket teeth.

As noted, the Mars Confrontation Cycle Indicator (MTC) can be used in any time instrument, for example, instrument or interior time, and also mainly in portable and wrist watches.

At the same time, the indicator itself itself may be made in the form of a movable pointer that moves relative to a fixed scale. Also, the indicator MTC can be made in the form of a movable scale that moves relative to a fixed pointer.

Also, the indicator can be made in the form of a moving scale, the readings of which are displayed through the aperture in the dial.

The indicator may have marks or marks applied to the scale.

A single color or any other selection, for example, an inscription or a symbol, can be marked by a dot, indicating the period of opposition.

On the scale can be marked the ordinal numbers of dates (only 780 days) or the ordinal numbers of months (total 26), reflecting the entire period of opposition. In this case, the specified dates and months can be alternating one after another, or applied after a specified interval. Thus, the time interval displayed on the MTC indicator is strictly tied to the confrontation cycle, that is, the convergence cycle of Mars and Earth, which is equal to 780 Earth days.

The indicator MTC can be designed in such a way that the moving element of the indicator, the scale or the pointer moves in one direction smoothly around its axis or in a jump-like manner.

Since the orbital period of the moving element of the indicator is 780 Earth days, respectively, the mechanism is designed in such a way that the moving element of the indicator makes one revolution in 780 days.

Thus, by means of a simple gear mechanism without the additional complication of the clock mechanism, high accuracy of the indication of the Mars confrontation cycle will be ensured.

This ensures the achievement of the required technical result, namely the creation of a time device with an indicator that visually shows the position of the current date relative to the cycle of oppositions and the period of opposition between Mars and Earth, which can be used both on Earth and on Mars.

Considering the novelty of the set of essential features, the technical solution of the task, the inventive step and the materiality of all the general and particular features of the invention, proved in the section “Prior art” and “The disclosure of the invention”, proved in the section “Implementation and industrial realization of the invention” technical feasibility and industrial applicability inventions, solving inventive problems and confidently achieving the required technical result when implementing and using the invention In our opinion, the claimed group of inventions satisfies all the patentability requirements for inventions.

The analysis also shows that all the general and particular features of the invention are essential, since each of them is necessary, and together they are not only sufficient to achieve the goal of the invention, but also allow the invention to be implemented industrially.

Claims (15)

1. A time device for indicating a Mars confrontation cycle, comprising a case, a clock mechanism and a dial, characterized in that the clock mechanism additionally contains a Mars Confrontation Cycle Indicator (CPS) consisting of at least the CPS pointer and the CPS scale. 2. The device of time under item 1, characterized in that the clock mechanism contains the elements of the switch mechanism, for example, minute tribe, hour wheel, bill tribe, bill wheel. 3. The device of time under item 2, characterized in that the hour wheel interacts with the daily wheel. 4. The device of time under item 1, characterized in that the clock mechanism additionally contains a gearbox, the total gear ratio of which is 780 or a multiple of it. 5. The device of time according to claim 4, characterized in that the gearbox consists of the first tribe of the reducer, the first wheel of the reducer, the second tribe of the reducer, the second wheel of the reducer, the third tribe of the reducer and the third wheel of the reducer. 6. The device of time according to claim 5, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a correction device. 7. The time device according to claim 6, characterized in that the correction device is made in the form of an asterisk, a tribe of an asterisk, a retainer, a pin, an additional wheel and a correction lever. 8. The device of time under item 1, characterized in that the devices of time can be instrument, interior, portable and wrist. 9. The device of time under item 1, characterized in that the indicator of the CPS can be made in the form of a moving pointer of the CPS and a fixed scale of the CPS or a fixed pointer of the CPS and a movable scale of the CPS. 10. The device of time under item 1, characterized in that the indicator MTC can be made in the form of a movable scale of the MTC and the aperture in the dial of the device time. 11. The device of time according to claim 1, characterized in that the point designating the time period of opposition can be visually highlighted either in color, or a symbol, or an inscription. 12. The device of time according to claim 9, characterized in that the movable element of the indicator CPS move in one direction smoothly around its axis or in a jump-like manner. 13. The time device of claim 1, wherein the orbital period of the moving element of the Mars confrontation cycle indicator is 780 Earth days. 14. The time device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an indication of the current time, an indication of the Martian time, or any other known types of indicators and complications. 15. The method of indicating the opposition cycle of Mars, in which, in the device of time according to claim 1, the period of rotation of the indicator indicator of the opposition of Mars is 780 Earth days.

Images