RU2559624C1 - Clock having device for simultaneously displaying moon and earth phases and method for said display - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: device for simultaneously displaying moon and earth phases, which is actuated by a clock mechanism, is in the form of, mounted at the same axis of a movable sphere of the Earth's model which rotates about said axis, a hemisphere of the Moon's model, which is immovably mounted on said axis on the bearing element of the clock mechanism, and a hemisphere of the non-illuminated part of the celestial body model, which in turn is configured to rotate about said axis with regular simultaneous display of corresponding moon and earth phases on the immovable hemisphere of the Moon and the movable sphere of the Earth, respectively.

EFFECT: enabling determination of the visibility of the Earth from the Moon at the present moment in time, enabling determination of the position of the Moon relative to the Earth and visibility of the Moon at any point on the Earth and enabling detection of short-term phenomena on the Moon, the abruptness and short time of existence of which make said phenomena hard to detect.

22 cl, 8 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to chronology and can be used in the manufacture of astronomical clocks, configured to simultaneously display the phases of the moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the earth visible from the moon.

State of the art

An astronomical clock is a clock that differs from ordinary clocks in increased accuracy (primarily by compensating for the effects of temperature on the clock), and this clock is designed to indicate the movement of the planets and the moon, tides, mobile holidays, various celestial phenomena , in particular the eclipses of the Sun and the Moon, leap years, etc., by means of special mechanical devices [1].

Since ancient times, people have tried to create watches that could display the movement of planets and stars. The first known astronomical (planetary) clocks are watches created by astronomer and mechanic Giovanni Dondi (1318-1387). In the years 1348-1364, Dondi created the famous clock, which showed the movement of the Sun, Moon and five planets, contained an eternal calendar and made it possible to determine stellar and average solar time.

The most famous function of astronomical clocks today is the execution of watches equipped with an indicator of the lunar phases.

Indices (indicators) of the lunar phases in watches have been developed since ancient times. Descriptions and watches are known dated to the 14th century, where the function of indicating the phases of the moon was used.

Indication of the lunar phases on the clock, which is the first astronomical function in clockwork, appeared shortly after the advent of mechanical clocks. This clock function is still in demand today, in particular, when using lunar calendars.

To this day, there are many known designs and solutions of indicators (indicators) of the lunar phases, however, only a few solutions are suitable for practical use in ordinary mechanical watches.

So known watch devices that are equipped with indicators of the lunar phases (RU 2124749 C1, publication date 01/10/1999; JP 61-139778, publication date 06/27/1986). However, the known indicators of the phases of the moon in the clock, made in the form of windows in the dial of various shapes and disks with printed images of the moon, rotating under the indicated windows, lead to geometric distortion of the moon phases.

There are designs of the voluminous Moon, when the pointer is made in the form of a ball rotating in one lunar month, half painted in light, half in dark colors (for example, patent CH 697674 B1, publ. 15.01.2009). This design has one significant drawback associated with the fact that the Moon does not rotate relative to the Earth, but is always located on one side towards the observer, therefore this design does not allow to realistically display the surface of the Moon and use a real map of the lunar surface.

In addition, there are a number of watch models in which the lunar phase display mechanism is made in the form of a moving hollow sphere that rotates around a stationary moon-ball and displays the change in the lunar phases, as we observe them from the Earth (see, for example, patent documents RU 2426165 C1, publ. 08/10/2011, and EP 2687918 A1, publ. 01/22/2014).

The disadvantage of all existing watches today is that they are all aimed only at displaying the phases of the moon observed from the Earth. However, such a watch does not provide for the possibility of displaying the phases of the Earth observed from the moon.

The invention is aimed at solving the problem of creating watches specially created for use both on Earth and on the Moon. As you know, the exploration of the moon is one of the priorities for the development of Russian astronautics. According to Deputy Prime Minister Rogozin: “The moon is not an intermediate stage, but an independent and self-sufficient goal. To make 10-20 flights to the Moon, and then, having thrown everything, flying to Mars or asteroids is hardly advisable. This process has a beginning, but no end: we are going to gain a foothold on the moon forever. " Already by 2030, it is planned to land on the moon, as well as the creation of an inhabited station on it, where various scientific experiments will be carried out, polygons for accumulating and transmitting energy over distances, as well as polygons for testing new engines, have been created.

Moreover, today, when observing the moon, an important stage in the study of the elements of the lunar surface is the registration of the so-called "short-term lunar phenomena." Short-term phenomena appear on the Moon sporadically and exist for several (up to 15) minutes [2]. To date, it has been proven that the Moon is not a "dead world", as has been thought for a long time. According to 1958, volcanic activity on the moon has not yet ceased. For example, when studying the Alphonse crater at the moment when a red spot appeared on it, it was unequivocally established that the temperature of the carbon gas at that moment was 2000 K. Thus, the observation of “short-term lunar phenomena”, their search and registration are an important and interesting task observations of the moon. Inexplicable today is a change in the color of the lunar surface in some places, the appearance of reddish spots, a change in the clarity of lunar details and even their appearance. There are the most “active” objects where optical phenomena are most often observed, which may be caused by internal processes on the moon. Thus, the implementation of the present invention will allow you to observe the moon and in the case of fixing "short-term lunar phenomena" to record the time, duration and place of manifestation of this phenomenon for the purpose of its further analysis.

Task and technical result

The objective and technical result of the present invention consists in the development and practical implementation of the design of an astronomical clock made with the possibility of displaying a topographic map of the part of the lunar surface visible from the Earth and a topographic map of the Earth's surface visible from the Moon while simultaneously indicating the phases of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the Earth, visible from the moon. This allows,

- firstly, to determine what is the visibility of the Earth from the moon at a given moment in time;

- secondly, determine the location of the moon relative to the earth and the visibility of the moon at one point or another on the earth;

- a topographic map of the visible side of the Moon on the clock will allow registering the so-called “short-term phenomena” on the Moon anywhere, the suddenness and short existence of which make these phenomena elusive.

Disclosure of invention

The problem is solved, and the required technical result when using the invention is achieved by the fact that the device for the simultaneous indication of the lunar and terrestrial phases, driven by a clock mechanism, is made in the form of fixed on one axis

a rolling ball of a model of the Earth rotating around this axis,

hemispheres of the model of the Moon, fixed motionless on this axis on the supporting element of the clockwork, and

hemispheres of the unlit part of the models of celestial bodies (MNT), which in turn is made to rotate around the specified axis with regular simultaneous indication of the corresponding lunar and terrestrial phases on the fixed hemisphere of the Moon model and the moving ball of the Earth model, respectively.

In this case, the period of rotation of the moving ball of the Earth model is approximately equal to the average period of rotation of the Earth visible from the Moon.

In this case, the ball of the Earth’s model rotates in the same direction as the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT.

In this case, the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT moves around the ball of the Earth’s model and the hemisphere of the Moon’s model for a period equal to one synodic month.

On the hemisphere of the moon model, a topographic map of the visible side of the moon is plotted. And on a moving ball of the Earth’s model, a topographic map of the Earth’s surface is plotted.

In addition, the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT is made with the possibility of fixing after each regular partial rotation.

Also, the ball of the Earth’s model and the hemisphere of the Moon’s model are set in strict accordance with their true position relative to each other, and the geographical poles of the Earth should be located in strict accordance with the north and south sides of the topographic map of the visible side of the Moon.

The problem is solved, and the required technical result when using the invention is achieved by the fact that the watch, made with the possibility of simultaneous indication of the phases of the moon visible from the Earth, and the phases of the Earth visible from the moon, contain a case and a clockwork and additionally contain a device controlled by a clockwork Indications of the lunar and terrestrial phases.

In this case, the supporting element of the clockwork can be both movable and stationary.

In this case, the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT is kinematically connected with the clock mechanism and makes a complete revolution around the hemisphere of the Moon model in one synodic month or a period close to one synodic month.

In addition, the kinematic chain associated with the clock mechanism provides rotation of the ball of the Earth’s model with a periodicity of approximately one revolution in 24.88 hours.

Indication of the phase of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phase of the Earth visible from the Moon is carried out both from the side of the watch dial and from the back of the watch.

Also, the watch additionally contains a button for changing the display mode, mounted in the watch case. When the display mode is switched, the Earth model ball is rotated, the hemisphere of the Moon model and the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT are 180 degrees, and the observed celestial body changes on the watch dial. Also, when you press the button to change the display mode, the pointer of the display mode indicator located on the watch dial moves.

In addition, the watch contains a lunar day wheel, configured to move the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT from the clock wheel.

The watch also contains a means of arrow indication of time.

In this case, the clock mechanism can be either mechanical or electromechanical.

At the same time, the device for the simultaneous indication of the lunar and terrestrial phases can be used both in a portable clock and in a stationary clock.

In addition, the device for the simultaneous indication of the lunar and terrestrial phases can be used both with a standard clock mechanism, and with a clock mechanism with additional functions, such as a clock mechanism for a 24-hour dial or a clock mechanism with the ability to display world time.

The problem is solved, and the required technical result when using the invention is achieved by the method of simultaneous indication of the lunar and terrestrial phases on the clock, in which the hemisphere of the unlit part is rotated around the common axis of the fastening of the moving ball of the Earth model and the fixed hemisphere of the Moon model with regular simultaneous indication of the corresponding lunar and terrestrial phases on the ball of the model of the Earth and the hemisphere of the model of the Moon through at least two kinematic chains associated with the clockwork.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

The above figures schematically depict one embodiment of the design of the display device of the true (topographic) map of the part of the lunar surface visible from the Earth and the true (topographic) map of the Earth's surface visible from the Moon while simultaneously indicating the phases of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the Earth visible from The moon, and design options for the astronomical clock, on which there are the following elements:

1 - ball model of the Earth,

2 - hemisphere of the moon model,

3 - hemisphere of the unlit part of the models of celestial bodies (MNT),

4 - ball shaft

5 - the left sleeve of the moon,

6 - the right sleeve of the moon,

7 - a small hemisphere sleeve,

8 - a large sleeve hemisphere,

9 - tribes of the Earth,

10 - tribes of the hemisphere of the unlit part,

11 - the intermediate wheel of the moon,

12 - tribes of the lunar wheel,

13 - moon wheel,

14 - watch wheel,

15 - pin,

16 - trib minute

17 - minute axis,

18 - hour hand,

19 - minute hand,

20 - minute disk,

21 - minute pin,

22 - the intermediate wheel of the Earth,

23 - tribes of the earth's wheel,

24 - the wheel of the earth,

25 - tribes of the star of the earth,

26 - earth star

27 - the spring of the moon wheel,

28 - spring sprocket,

29 - button to change the display mode,

30 - watch case,

31 - watch dial,

32 - crown

33 - arrow of the indication mode indicator,

34 - platinum mechanism

35 - case ring,

36 - bezel,

37 - top glass

38 - back cover,

39 - rear window.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the motion of the moon around the earth relative to the sun, and also shows the phases of the moon visible from the earth and the phases of the earth visible from the moon at several positions of the moon.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows a diagram of the motion of the Moon relative to the Earth and indicates the shift of the Moon that is observed from the Earth when observing the Moon from the same point on Earth.

In FIG. 3 shows an exemplary view of the various phases of the moon (indicated age in days).

In FIG. 4 shows a general view of a design variant of a device for displaying a true map of the part of the lunar surface visible from the Earth and a true map of the Earth's surface visible from the Moon while simultaneously displaying the phases of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the Earth visible from the Moon, which contains: a ball of the Earth 1, a hemisphere The moon, the hemisphere of the unlit part 3, the ball shaft 4, the left sleeve of the moon 5, the right sleeve of the moon 6, the small sleeve of the hemisphere 7, the large sleeve of the hemisphere 8, tribes of the Earth 9, the tribes of the hemisphere of the unlit part 10, the intermediate wheel of the moon 11, the moon wheel 13, watch wheel e 14, pin 15, minute tribe 16, minute axis 17, hour hand 18, minute hand 19, minute disk 20, minute pin 21, intermediate wheel of the Earth 22, tribes of the Earth wheel 23, Earth wheel 24, tribes of the Earth’s star 25, asterisk Earth 26, the spring of the moon wheel 27 and the spring of the Earth sprocket 28.

In FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of a general construction view of a device for displaying a true (topographic) map of a portion of the lunar surface visible from the Earth and a true (topographic) map of a visible surface of the Moon from the Moon, while simultaneously indicating the phases of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the Earth visible from the Moon, which contains : Earth globe 1, the hemisphere of the Moon, the hemisphere of the unlit part 3, the shaft of the ball 4, the left sleeve of the Moon 5, the right sleeve of the Moon 6, the small sleeve of the hemisphere 7, the large sleeve of the hemisphere 8, the tribes of the Earth 9, the tribes of the hemisphere of the unlit part 10, the intermediate wheel of the Moon S 11, the lunar wheel tribes 12, the lunar wheel 13, the hour wheel 14, the pin 15, the minute tribe 16, the minute axis 17, the hour hand 18, the minute hand 19, the minute disk 20, the minute pin 21, the Earth’s intermediate wheel 22, the earth’s tribes wheels 23, the earth’s wheel 24, the tribes of the earth’s sprocket 25 and the earth’s asterisk 26.

In FIG. 6 shows a diagram of the relative location of the images of the Moon and the Earth, which contains: the ball of the Earth 1, the hemisphere of the Moon 2, the shaft of the ball 4, the left sleeve of the Moon 5, the right sleeve of the Moon 6 and tribes of the Earth 9.

In FIG. 7 shows a general view of the first embodiment of the construction of an astronomical clock containing a display device of a true map of the part of the lunar surface visible from the Earth and a true map of the Earth's surface visible from the Moon while simultaneously indicating the phases of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the Earth visible from the Moon, which contains: hemisphere of the Moon 2, hemisphere 3, hour hand 18, minute hand 19, button for changing the display mode 29, watch case 30, watch dial 31, crown 32 and the hand of the display mode indicator 33.

In FIG. Figure 8 shows a general sectional view of a second embodiment of an astronomical clock containing a display device of a true map of the part of the lunar surface visible from the Earth and a true map of the Earth's surface visible from the Moon while simultaneously indicating the phases of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the Earth visible from the Moon, which contains : Earth globe 1, hemisphere of the Moon 2, hemisphere 3, mechanism platinum 34, case ring 35, bezel 36, upper glass 37, back cover 38 and rear glass 39.

The implementation of the invention

При этом в новолуние Фл=0,0, в первую и последнюю четверти Фл=0,5, в полнолуние Фл=1,0. Для оценки возраста Луны обычно используют рисунок, приведенный на фиг. 3, на котором указано положение терминатора (линии, разделяющей светлую и темную части диска Луны) с интервалом в одни сутки. При этом отсчет начинается с неомении - первого появления узкого серпа Луны после новолуния. Весь промежуток времени S, отображенный на фигуре 2, называется синодическим месяцем, то есть это период обращения Луны вокруг Земли, и он равен 29,530588 солнечных суток или 29^d12^h44^m2,8^s.For an objective and clear assessment of the essence of the claimed invention, it is necessary to make the following explanations. In astronomy, the phase of the moon (Fl) is a quantity measured by a number: it is equal to the ratio of the largest width of the illuminated part b of the lunar disk to its diameter d, i.e. $$\begin{array}{cc}Fl=\frac{b}{d}& \left[2\right]\end{array}.$$

Moreover, at the new moon, Fl = 0.0, in the first and last quarter of Fl = 0.5, at the full moon, Fl = 1.0. To estimate the age of the moon, the pattern shown in FIG. 3, which indicates the position of the terminator (the line separating the light and dark parts of the moon’s disk) with an interval of one day. In this case, the countdown begins with neo-mania - the first appearance of a narrow crescent moon after a new moon. The entire period of time S, shown in figure 2, is called the synodic month, that is, this is the period of the moon's revolution around the Earth, and it is equal to 29.530588 sunny days or 29 ^d 12 ^h 44 ^m 2.8 ^s .

The phase of the Earth (Фз), in turn, is equal to the ratio of the largest width of the illuminated part of the Earth's disk visible from the Moon to its diameter. Moreover, in connection with the rotation of the Moon around the Earth and the illumination of only that side of the Earth that faces the Sun while on the Moon, we will observe the phases of the Earth Фз opposite to the phases of the Moon Фл. That is, at the new moon, when Фл = 0,0, Фз = 1,0, and at the full moon, when Фл = 1,0, Фз = 0,0.

It is also known that during the Earth's day (i.e., during the period of the Earth's daily rotation around its axis), the Moon moves 13.18 ° relative to the Earth. In particular, this is illustrated in Figure 2. This shift can be easily calculated, knowing that the Moon’s orbital trajectory in the sky is from west to east and the Moon makes one complete revolution around the Earth relative to stars in 27.3 days (sidereal month). If we consider that the trajectory of the Moon around the Earth is a circular trajectory, then we can calculate the movement in degrees that the Moon performs per day according to the formula:

360 ° / 27.3 days = 13.18 ° / day

Due to this shift, “lunar days” relative to earthly days increase by 52.7 minutes, which follows from the formula: 13.18 / 360 * 24 = 0.88 hours = 52.7 minutes.

It should be understood that under the "lunar days" in this case we mean the period of time between the location of the moon relative to the same point on Earth.

Thus, while the Earth makes one complete revolution in 24 hours, the Moon makes such a revolution in 24.88 hours. Therefore, when developing the design of astronomical clocks, it is necessary to take into account this period of time equal to 52.7 minutes.

A characteristic feature of the claimed device is the Earth’s ball 1, which is a model of the Earth, with a topographic map of the Earth plotted on it, rotates with a period equal to the lunar day (approximately 24 hours 50 minutes), around an axis perpendicular to the plane of the moon’s orbit around the Earth and passing through the center of the Earth, the hemisphere of the Moon 2 with a topographic map of the side of the Moon visible from the Earth on it, fixed motionless on the supporting element of the mechanism, and the hemisphere of the unlit part 3 - the unlit Sun The part of the Moon and the Earth, made with the possibility of rotation around the axis of attachment of the hemisphere of the Moon 2, with regular simultaneous indication of the corresponding lunar and terrestrial phases on the moving ball of the Earth 1 and the fixed hemisphere of the Moon 2. The hemisphere of the unlit part 3 is painted black.

As the supporting element of the hemisphere of the moon 2 can act as moving or stationary elements.

The mechanism is operated by two kinematic chains.

The first kinematic chain provides the movement of the hemisphere 3 with the necessary frequency, namely one revolution of 29.5 days (the duration of the synodic month). The watch wheel 14 makes one revolution in 12 hours, it is pressed into the watch pin 15 and interacts with the moon day wheel 13, which has 59 teeth. Thus, once every 12 hours, the clock wheel 14 rotates the wheel of the lunar days 13 on one tooth. The spring of the lunar wheel 27 fixes the wheel of the lunar days 13 in each position for half a day. The wheel of lunar days 13 is pressed onto the tribes of lunar days 12. The tribe of lunar days 12 transfers rotation through the intermediate wheel of the moon 11 to the tribe of the hemisphere of the unlit part 10. The tribe of the lunar days 12 and the tribes of the hemisphere of the unlit part 10 have the same number of teeth. The number of teeth of the intermediate wheel of the moon 11 may vary and is selected taking into account the convenience of the layout of the device. The hemisphere of the unlit part 10 is pressed onto the large hemispherical sleeve 8. The hemisphere of the unlit part 3 is pressed onto the small hemisphere sleeve 7 and the large hemisphere sleeve 8. The small hemisphere sleeve 7 and the large hemisphere sleeve 8 are loosely mounted on the ball shaft 4. The moon hemisphere 2 is pressed on the left sleeve of the moon 5 and the right sleeve of the moon 6, which remain stationary. Thus, the moment through the tribe of the hemisphere of the unlit part 10 is transmitted to the hemisphere 3, and the hemisphere 3 rotates around the ball of the Earth 1 and the hemisphere of the Moon 2.

The time interval between two consecutive identical phases of the moon is 29.530588 sunny days. In this embodiment of the device, the circulation period is 29.5 days. This error with such a small volume of the model is insignificant, elusive to the human eye. However, if necessary, by selecting the number of teeth of the wheels and the tribes, as well as the introduction of additional pairs of wheel-tribes, it is possible to obtain the necessary gear ratio, corresponding to 29.530588 days.

The second kinematic chain ensures the rotation of the Earth’s ball 1 with the required frequency, namely one revolution of 24.88 hours (the duration of the “lunar day”).

The minute disk 20 with the minute pin 21 pressed into it is in interaction with the earth sprocket 26. The spring of the earth wheel 28 fixes the earth sprocket 26 in each position for half a day. The tribe of the earth sprocket 27, pressed into the earth sprocket 26, transmits the moment to the earth wheel 24, which has 62 teeth. The tribe of the earth wheel 23 is pressed into the earth wheel 24, having the same number of teeth as the tribes of the Earth 9, and interacting with the intermediate wheel of the Earth 22. The number of teeth of the intermediate wheel of the Earth 22 can vary and is selected taking into account the convenience of the arrangement of the device. The tribe of Earth 9 is pressed onto the shaft of the ball 4, which in turn is pressed onto the ball of Earth 1. Thus, the moment is transmitted to the ball of Earth 1. The ball of Earth 1 rotates in the same direction as the hemisphere of the unlit part 3.

For the correct display of information, it is necessary to observe the relative position of celestial bodies during assembly relative to each other and relative to other parts of the mechanism (Fig. 6). So, for example, the geographical poles of the Earth should be located in strict accordance with the topographic map of the visible side of the Moon, and from the side of fixing the “North Pole” of the Earth’s ball, there should be the “northern” part of the visible side of the Moon.

The design of an astronomical clock made with the possibility of displaying a true map of the part of the lunar surface visible from the Earth and a true map of the Earth's surface visible from the Moon while simultaneously indicating the phases of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the Earth visible from the Moon can be performed as with the possibility of switching modes (Fig. 7), and with the possibility of using both sides of the watch (Fig. 8).

In the design variant of the astronomical clock, made with the possibility of displaying a true map of the part of the lunar surface visible from the Earth and a true map of the Earth's surface visible from the Moon while simultaneously displaying the phases of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the Earth visible from the Moon, with the ability to switch modes to the display mode change button 29 mounted in the watch case 30, the Earth 1, the hemispheres of the Moon 2 and the hemispheres of the unlit part 3 are rotated 180 degrees, that is, the observed celestial body is changed on the watch dial 31. At the same time, the arrow of the indicator of the display mode 33, located on the dial 31, moves.

The design of an astronomical clock made with the possibility of displaying a true map of the part of the lunar surface visible from the Earth and a true map of the Earth's surface visible from the Moon while simultaneously indicating the phases of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the Earth visible from the Moon using both sides of the clock allows watch the back side for observation.

Thus, the required technical result is achieved, namely, the implementation of the construction of an astronomical clock made with the possibility of displaying a true map of the part of the lunar surface visible from the Earth and a true map of the Earth's surface visible from the Moon while simultaneously indicating the phases of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phases of the Earth, visible from the moon. This allows,

- firstly, to determine what is the visibility of the Earth from the moon at a given moment in time;

- secondly, determine the location of the moon relative to the earth and the visibility of the moon at one point or another on the earth;

- and a topographic map of the visible side of the moon on the clock will allow you to record the so-called "short-term phenomena" on the moon anywhere, the suddenness and short existence of which make these phenomena elusive.

The analysis also shows that all the general and particular features of the invention are essential, since each of them is necessary, and all together they are not only sufficient to achieve the purpose of the invention, but also make it possible to realize the invention in an industrial way.

References

1. V.N. Pipunyrov. The history of watches from ancient times to the present day. Moscow, Nauka Publishing House, 1982, pp. 147-170.

2. I.A. Klimishin. Elementary astronomy. Moscow, publishing house "Science". Fizmatlit. 1991. p. 219-221, 353-366.

Claims (22)

1. The device for the simultaneous indication of the lunar and terrestrial phases, driven by a clock mechanism, is made in the form of fixed on one axis
a rolling ball of a model of the Earth rotating around this axis,
hemispheres of the model of the Moon, fixed motionless on this axis on the supporting element of the clockwork, and
hemispheres of the unlit part of the models of celestial bodies (MNT), which in turn is made to rotate around the specified axis with regular simultaneous indication of the corresponding lunar and terrestrial phases on the fixed hemisphere of the Moon model and the moving ball of the Earth model, respectively. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the period of rotation of the moving ball of the Earth’s model is approximately equal to the average period of rotation of the Earth visible from the Moon. 3. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that the ball of the Earth’s model rotates in the same direction as the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT moves around the ball of the Earth’s model and the hemisphere of the Moon’s model for a period equal to one synodic month. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a topographic map of the visible side of the moon is applied to the hemisphere of the moon model. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a topographic map of the Earth’s surface is plotted on a moving ball of the Earth’s model. 7. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT is made with the possibility of fixing after each regular partial rotation. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ball of the Earth’s model and the hemisphere of the Moon’s model are installed in strict accordance with their true position relative to each other, and the geographical poles of the Earth must be located in strict accordance with the north and south sides of the topographic map of the visible side The moon. 9. A clock made with the possibility of simultaneous indication of the phases of the moon visible from the earth and the phases of the earth visible from the moon, containing a case and a clockwork, characterized in that it further comprises a clock-controlled device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-8. 10. The watch according to claim 9, characterized in that the supporting element of the clock mechanism can be both movable and stationary. 11. The watch according to claim 9, characterized in that the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT is kinematically connected with the clock mechanism and makes a complete revolution around the hemisphere of the Moon model in one synodic month or a period close to one synodic month. 12. A watch according to claim 9, characterized in that the kinematic chain associated with the clock mechanism provides rotation of the ball of the Earth’s model with a frequency of approximately one revolution in 24.88 hours. 13. The watch according to claim 9, characterized in that the indication of the phase of the Moon visible from the Earth and the phase of the Earth visible from the Moon is carried out both from the side of the watch dial and from the back of the watch. 14. The watch according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises a display mode change button mounted in the watch case. 15. The watch according to claim 14, characterized in that when the display mode is switched, the Earth model ball is rotated, the moon model hemispheres and the hemispheres of the unlit part of the MNT are rotated 180 degrees and the observed celestial body changes on the watch dial. 16. The watch according to claim 14, characterized in that when the display mode change button is pressed, the arrow of the display mode pointer is located on the watch dial. 17. The watch according to claim 9, characterized in that it contains a lunar day wheel configured to move the hemisphere of the unlit part of the MNT from the watch wheel. 18. The watch according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises means for indicating the time. 19. A watch according to claim 9, characterized in that the clock mechanism can be either mechanical or electromechanical. 20. The watch according to claim 9, characterized in that the device for the simultaneous indication of the lunar and terrestrial phases can be used both in a portable clock and in a stationary clock. 21. The watch according to claim 9, characterized in that the device for the simultaneous indication of the lunar and terrestrial phases can be used with either a standard clockwork or a clockwork with additional functions, such as a clockwork for a 24-hour dial or a clockwork with the possibility of display world time. 22. A method for simultaneously displaying the lunar and terrestrial phases on a clock, in which the hemisphere of the unlit part is rotated around a common axis of attachment of the moving ball of the Earth model and the fixed hemisphere of the Moon model with regular simultaneous indication of the corresponding lunar and terrestrial phases on the ball of the Earth model and the hemisphere of the Moon model by at least two kinematic chains associated with a clockwork.

Images