RU2559045C1 - Clock having lunar phase display and method for said display - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: clock having lunar phase display, comprising a housing, a clock face, a clock mechanism and a lunar phase display in the form of a lunar phase indicating arrow and an indicator surface, the lunar phase indicating arrow has an observation opening through which change in lunar phases is observed and is moved by the clock mechanism through a kinematic link; the indicator surface used is the surface of the clock face having regions denoting the illuminated and non-illuminated parts of the Moon, wherein the ratio of said regions, which are observed through the observation opening of the lunar phase indicating arrow, corresponds to the ratio the illuminated and non-illuminated parts of the Moon observed at a certain moment in time from the Earth.

EFFECT: simple design of clocks with lunar phase display, easier manufacture of the clocks and high reliability of the clock mechanism overall, owing to fewer components of the clock mechanism.

9 cl, 6 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to chronology and can be used in the manufacture of watches made with the possibility of indicating the phase of the moon.

State of the art

An astronomical clock is a clock that differs from ordinary clocks in increased accuracy (primarily by compensating for the effects of temperature on the clock), and this clock is designed to indicate the movement of the planets and the moon, tides, mobile holidays, various celestial phenomena , in particular the eclipses of the Sun and the Moon, leap years, etc., by means of special mechanical devices [1].

Since ancient times, people have tried to create watches that could display the movement of planets and stars. The first known astronomical (planetary) clocks are watches created by astronomer and mechanic Giovanni Dondi (1318-1387). In the years 1348-1364, Dondi created the famous clock, which showed the movement of the Sun, Moon and five planets, contained an eternal calendar and made it possible to determine stellar and average solar time.

The most famous function of astronomical clocks today is the execution of watches equipped with an indicator of the lunar phases.

Indices (indicators) of the lunar phases in watches have been developed since ancient times. Descriptions and watches are known dated to the 14th century, where the function of indicating the phases of the moon was used.

Indication of the lunar phases on the clock, which is the first astronomical function in clockwork, appeared shortly after the advent of mechanical clocks. This clock function is still in demand today, in particular, when using lunar calendars.

To this day, there are many known designs and solutions of indicators (indicators) of the lunar phases, however, only a few solutions are suitable for practical use in ordinary mechanical watches.

So known watch devices that are equipped with indicators of the lunar phases (RU 2124749 C1, publication date 01/10/1999; JP 61-139778, publication date 06/27/1986). However, there are known indicators of the phases of the moon in watches, made in the form of windows in the dial of various shapes and discs with printed images of the moon, rotating under the indicated windows. This kind of implementation leads to a geometric distortion of the lunar phases and significantly complicate and pile up the clockwork.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a watch Hublot Antikythera Sunmoon (http://mywatch.ru/forum/index.php?showtopic=20316). This watch model has a very complicated mechanism, consisting of 295 parts, and has a 5-day power reserve. The clock on the side of the dial is equipped with the zodiac and lunar calendar. The lunar calendar is synodic and suggests an indication of the phase of the moon on a particular day. For this purpose, the watch is equipped with a moon movement arrow, which has a hole under which there is a movable disk, with a black circle depicted on it, symbolizing a new moon. In this case, the rotating disk indicating the lunar phases and the arrow of the moon are on the same axis, and the rotation of each of these parts is carried out by its own separate set of mechanisms.

The disadvantage of the famous Hublot Antikythera Sunmoon watches is certainly their incredible complexity due to the presence of a large number of parts. Due to the presence of a large number of discrete elements, the reliability of the entire structure as a whole is reduced, since the failure of one of the parts automatically leads to the failure of at least one set of paired parts of the clockwork.

Task and technical result

The objective and technical result of the invention is to simplify the design of watches with an indication of the lunar phases, reduce the complexity of manufacturing watches and increase the reliability of the watch mechanism as a whole by reducing the details of the watch mechanism.

Disclosure of invention

The problem is solved, and the required technical result when using the invention is achieved by the fact that in a watch with an indicator of the phases of the moon, containing a case, a dial, a clockwork and a device for indicating the phases of the moon, made in the form of an arrow indicating the phases of the moon and an indicator surface, an arrow indicating the phases of the moon contains a viewing hole through which the change in the lunar phases is observed and is driven by a clock mechanism through a kinematic connection, as an indicator surface is used rhnost dial printed on it areas denoting unlit and lit part of the moon, and the ratio of these areas, observed through an observation hole arrows moon phase indication corresponds to the ratio of the illuminated and unilluminated parts of the moon, observed at a certain time from the Earth.

In this case, the kinematic connection between the clock mechanism and the arrow indicating the phases of the moon is made in the form of a kinematic chain consisting of a lunar sprocket, a lunar tribe, an intermediate wheel and an indication wheel.

In this case, the executive movement from the clockwork to the lunar sprocket can be transmitted as a clock wheel, or any other clockwork wheel or tribe, in addition to the clockwork.

The arrow indicating the phases of the moon makes a complete revolution around the axis of the dial in one synodic month or a period close to one synodic month.

The watch also contains a means of arrow indication of time.

The clockwork can be either mechanical or electromechanical.

The watch can be both portable and stationary.

At the same time, the moon phase display can be used both with a standard clock mechanism, and with a clock mechanism with additional functions, such as a clock mechanism for a 24-hour dial or a clock mechanism, with the ability to display world time.

In addition, the dial may contain additional apertures to indicate other calendar functions.

The problem is solved, and the required technical result when using the invention is achieved by the fact that in the method of indicating the phases of the moon on the watch dial, in which the device for indicating the phases of the moon is made in the form of an arrow indicating the phases of the moon and the indicator surface, the arrow indicating the phases of the moon is performed with a viewing window, through which the lunar phases are monitored, while the arrow is kinematically driven by a clock mechanism through a kinematic connection, and as an indicator surface, zuyut dial with deposited on it areas denoting unlit and lit part of the moon, and the ratio of these areas is chosen so that it corresponds to the ratio of the illuminated and unilluminated parts of the moon, observed from the earth.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

The drawings show a variant of the design of the clock with an indication of the lunar phases, containing a dial with the regions of the illuminated and unlit parts of the Moon printed on it and an arrow containing a viewing hole through which the change of the lunar phases is observed, and also shows a design variant of the device that sets in motion arrow indicating the phases of the moon.

The drawings show the following structural elements:

1 - dial

2 - arrow indicating the phases of the moon,

3 - hour wheel

4 - pin

5 - moon star

6 - moon tribe,

7 - an intermediate wheel,

8 - moon phase display wheel,

9 - minute hand

10 hour hand

11 minute axis

12 - watch case,

13 - crown.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the motion of the Moon around the Earth relative to the Sun, and also shows the phases of the Moon visible from the northern and southern hemispheres of the Earth.

In FIG. 2 shows a view of the dial for the northern hemisphere when the moon phase clock is moving clockwise or for the southern hemisphere when the moon phase clock is moving counterclockwise and the types of arrows in different positions, containing: ball dial 1, moon phase clock 2.

In FIG. 3 shows a view of the dial for the northern hemisphere with the movement of the arrow indicating the phases of the moon counterclockwise or for the southern hemisphere with the movement of the arrow indicating phases of the moon clockwise, comprising: dial 1.

In FIG. 4 shows a general view of a design variant of a device that drives a moon phase display arrow, comprising: a moon phase display arrow 2, a clock wheel 3, a pin 4, a moon sprocket 5, a moon tribe 6, an intermediate wheel 7, a moon phase display wheel 8, a clock hand 9, minute hand 10 and minute axis 11.

In FIG. 5 shows a general sectional view of an embodiment of a device driving a moon phase display arrow, comprising: a moon phase arrow 2, a clock wheel 3, a pin 4, a moon star 5, a moon tribe 6, an intermediate wheel 7, a moon phase indicator wheel 8, a clock hand 9, minute hand 10 and minute axis 11.

In FIG. 6 shows a variant of a general view of a clock with an indication of the lunar phases, containing a dial with the regions of the illuminated and unlit parts of the Moon plotted on it and an arrow containing a viewing hole through which the change of lunar phases is observed, which contains: dial 1, an arrow indicating the phases of the Moon 2 , hour hand 9, minute hand 10, case 12, crown 13.

The implementation of the invention

. [2]. При этом в новолуние Фл=0,0, в первую и последнюю четверти Фл=0,5, в полнолуние Фл=1,0. Период обращения Луны вокруг Земли, синодический месяц, равен 29,530588 солнечных суток или 29^d12^h44^m2,8^s.For an objective and clear assessment of the essence of the claimed invention, it is necessary to make the following explanations. In astronomy, the phase of the moon (Fl) is a quantity measured by a number: it is equal to the ratio of the largest width of the illuminated part b of the lunar disk to its diameter d, i.e. $$Fl=\frac{b}{d}$$

. [2]. Moreover, at the new moon, Fl = 0.0, in the first and last quarter of Fl = 0.5, at the full moon, Fl = 1.0. The period of revolution of the moon around the earth, the synodic month, is 29.530588 sunny days or 29 ^d 12 ^h 44 ^m 2.8 ^s .

Based on the foregoing, a watch design was developed with an indication of the lunar phases, containing a dial with areas marked on it, indicating the illuminated and unlit parts of the moon, and an arrow containing a viewing hole through which the change of lunar phases is observed.

A characteristic feature of the claimed watch is the dial 1, containing on its surface two areas - the area of the unlit and illuminated parts of the moon, and the arrow indicating the phases of the moon 2, containing an observation hole through which the user monitors the change of phases of the moon. The area of the unlit part of the moon is painted black, and the area of the illuminated part is white, or the image of the lunar surface is present on it. The areas on the dial are marked in a special way, so that the ratio of the illuminated and unlit areas that the user sees through the viewing hole in the arrow indicating the phases of the Moon 2 corresponds to the ratio of the part of the Moon illuminated and unlit by the Sun at the time of display.

In this device, the change of the observed phases of the moon occurs due to the movement of the arrow indicating the phases of the moon 2, which in this embodiment (Fig. 4, 5) is driven by a kinematic chain starting on the clock wheel 3. The clock wheel makes one revolution in 12 hours and is fixed in pin 4 interacts with the lunar sprocket 5, which has 59 teeth. The lunar asterisk is pressed onto the lunar tribe 6, which through the intermediate wheel 7 interacts with the indication phase of the moon 8. The number of teeth of the intermediate wheel 7 can vary and is selected taking into account the convenience of the arrangement of the device. The number of teeth of the lunar tribe 6 coincides with the number of teeth of the wheel indicating the phases of the moon 8.

The period of revolution of the moon around the earth is 29.530588 sunny days. In this embodiment of the device, the circulation period is 29.5 days. This error with such a small volume of the model is insignificant, elusive to the human eye. However, if necessary, by selecting the number of teeth of the wheels and tribes, as well as by introducing additional pairs of wheel-tribes, it is possible to obtain the necessary gear ratio corresponding to 29.530588 days.

The arrow indicating the phases of the Moon 2 can be driven in motion by a kinematic chain from any other wheel or tribe of the clock mechanism, in addition to the clock, for example, from the minute tribe, intermediate wheel, second wheel, etc.

The watch mechanism can be either mechanical or electromechanical.

This device can be used in stationary and portable watches, it can be used both with a standard clock mechanism, and with a clock mechanism with additional functions, such as a clock mechanism for a 24-hour dial or a clock mechanism with the ability to display world time.

The dial may have additional apertures to indicate various calendar functions, such as an indication of the days of the week, month numbers, and others. This will require the introduction of additional parts into the watch device. For example, to implement the indication of the numbers of the month of constant action, it will be necessary to introduce a daily wheel into the mechanism that interacts with the clock via a wheel or tribe, and a calendar disc that interacts with the daily wheel.

Thus, the required technical result is achieved, namely, simplifying the design of the clock with an indication of the moon phases, reducing the complexity of manufacturing watches and increasing the reliability of the clockwork as a whole by reducing the details of the clockwork.

The analysis also shows that all the general and particular features of the invention are essential, since each of them is necessary, and all together they are not only sufficient to achieve the purpose of the invention, but also make it possible to realize the invention in an industrial way.

References

1. V.N. Pipunyrov. The history of watches from ancient times to the present day. Publishing House "Science", Moscow, 1982, pp. 147-170.

2. I.A. Klimishin. Elementary astronomy. Publishing House "Science". Fizmatlit, Moscow, 1991, pp. 219-221, 353-366.

Claims (9)

1. A clock with an indicator of the phases of the moon, comprising a case, a dial, a clockwork and a device for indicating the phases of the moon, made in the form of an arrow indicating the phases of the moon and an indicator surface, characterized in that the arrow indicating the phases of the moon contains a viewing hole through which the change is observed lunar phases and is driven by a clockwork mechanism through a kinematic connection, which is made in the form of a kinematic chain consisting of a lunar sprocket, a lunar tribe, an intermediate wheel and an indication wheel, as an indicator The surface of the dial is used on the surface of the dial with the regions marked on it illuminating the illuminated and unlit parts of the Moon, and the ratio of these areas observed through the viewing hole of the arrow indicating the phases of the Moon corresponds to the ratio of the illuminated and unlit parts of the Moon observed at a certain point in time from the Earth. 2. A watch according to claim 1, characterized in that the executive movement from the clockwork to the lunar sprocket can be transmitted either by a clock wheel or by any other clockwork wheel or tribe other than clockwork. 3. The watch according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrow indicating the phases of the moon makes a complete revolution around the axis of the dial for one synodic month or a period close to one synodic month. 4. The watch according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for indicating the time. 5. Clocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the clock mechanism can be either mechanical or electromechanical. 6. The watch according to claim 1, characterized in that the watch can be both portable and stationary. 7. A watch according to claim 1, characterized in that the moon phase display device can be used both with a standard clock mechanism and with a clock mechanism with additional functions, such as a clock mechanism for a 24-hour dial or a clock mechanism, with the ability to display the world time. 8. The watch according to claim 1, characterized in that the dial may contain additional apertures to indicate other calendar functions. 9. A method of indicating the phases of the moon on the watch dial, in which the device for indicating the phases of the moon is made in the form of an arrow indicating the phases of the moon and the indicator surface, characterized in that the arrow indicating the phases of the moon is performed with a viewing window through which the change of lunar phases is observed, In this case, the hand is kinematically driven by a clockwork mechanism through a kinematic connection, which is performed in the form of a kinematic chain consisting of a lunar sprocket, a lunar tribe, an intermediate wheel and an indication wheel, and in As an indicator surface, a dial with regions marked on it representing the illuminated and unlit parts of the Moon is used, and the ratio of these areas is chosen so that it corresponds to the ratio of the illuminated and unlit parts of the Moon observed from the Earth.

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