RU2684209C1 - Device for fuel tank discharge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: protective devices.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to prevention of fire (explosion) of an object in cases of ignition of an energy carrier in a fuel tank of a cylindrical shape, located outside the vehicle. Device is designed to protect a moving vehicle from fire in case of fuel ignition in (on) a cylindrical fuel tank, and is a beam channel holder. Holder is fixed on the longeron of the vehicle frame. On lower movable crescent part of holder there arranged is fuel tank. Movable part is equipped with a vertical locking post with a tip. Tip is spring-loaded and through the hole in the flooring brought to the side platform of the vehicle, where it is locked by electromagnetic lock. Device control unit is located in cabin and powered by vehicle onboard network. To threw the fire tank, the driver in motion by the electromagnetic valve switches the power supply system to the spare fuel tank and switches on the electromagnetic lock. Tip of locking latch is unlocked, locking spring is released and pushes it out from hole in flooring of side platform. By means of gravity the fuel tank rotates the movable part of the holder downwards in the vertical plane, rolls down along its curvilinear crescent-shaped beams as in guides. Generated horizontal component of gravity force throws the tank aside at a safe distance. Soft fuel tubes break from fuel tank nozzles. Shut-off valves prevent fuel leaks.EFFECT: higher reliability of vehicle protection against fire by means of quick rejection of ignited fuel tank at safe distance from vehicle using gravity force acting on fuel tank.1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire prevention (explosion) of an object in cases of ignition of an energy carrier in a cylindrical fuel tank located outside the vehicle.

A known method of extinguishing a fire using portable fire extinguishers carried on vehicles [1]. The main advantage of this method is the ease of actuation and reliability.

The disadvantage of this method is that when a source of energy ignites in a tank in some cases (for example, if a vehicle is set on fire as a result of a terrorist act, a traffic accident, etc.), it is often not possible to use its regular fire extinguishers at the initial stage of the spread of fire .

A known method of extinguishing a fire by displacing air from a confined space by supplying a fire extinguishing liquid to the fire source. The fluid is supplied by an actuator connected through a control and signaling unit to a block of thermal sensors [2].

The disadvantage of this method is the low efficiency of extinguishing a fire, since during the operation of thermal sensors by fire, most of the machine components can be damaged.

Known devices operating on the principle of discarding a burning fuel tank from a vehicle.

Known emergency tool designed to ensure the safety of the crew and the car itself in a head-on collision. It is made in the form of two catapults. Each of them is an initiating device in the form of a spring-loaded rod mounted on the bumper of the car with a tip for the capsule of the pyro cartridge operating in a collision, and an actuating device in the form of a cylinder, in the rod of which the initiating device head is located [3].

The disadvantage of the rescue vehicle is that the ignition source is structurally (inseparable) interfaced with the base object, therefore its burning (explosion) will cause the vehicle to burn.

A known method of protecting a vehicle from fire or explosion is carried out by shooting (discarding) the fuel tank at a safe (from the point of view of the spread of fire) distance from the car using a device that includes a group of components and mechanisms comprising a squib [4].

The device for its implementation includes an initiating device included by the driver and which, through sensors placed on the fuel tank, when it ignites (explodes), initiates, amplifies and transmits a signal to the igniters of the actuator pyrocartridges. The actuator is a mechanism for firing off and shutting off the fuel line from the fuel tank to the consumers of the vehicle’s fuel supply system in the form of a mechanical device that disconnects the fuel line when the igniter is triggered and, with the help of the shut-off valve in it, prevents fuel spills. The actuator also includes a mechanism for unlocking the fuel tank in the form of locks, which, when the squib is triggered, open the upper and lower ends of the band clamps of the tank mount before it is shot. An actuating mechanism also includes a firing mechanism, including a guide frame in which a tank is located on the rollers and a support plate pushing it when the igniter is triggered [4].

This device is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the device for implementing the method are:

- high material consumption and complexity due to the large number of parts, components and mechanisms;

- the fuel tank is discarded in an explosive way, therefore the device requires special maintenance rules and strict implementation of safety procedures during operation;

- bringing the vehicle into working (technically sound) condition after firing the fuel tank requires a significant expenditure of effort and money;

- enemy firepower when using the vehicle for military purposes under conditions of unlawful interference with its movement can damage parts and components of the device, cause the squibs to fire without dropping the fuel tank, thereby intensifying the burning process of the vehicle.

- for the implementation of the method requires material-intensive structural processing of the base vehicle model. Therefore, the prototype has a low reliability.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the vehicle against fire by quickly discarding the ignited fuel tank at a safe distance from the vehicle using gravity acting on the fuel tank.

The alleged invention is illustrated by the drawings presented in:

- FIG. 1 - device in working position (frontal projection);

- FIG. 2 - top view;

- FIG. 3 is a side view;

- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a device;

- FIG. 5 - connection diagram of the main and spare fuel tanks;

- FIG. 6 - device in the process of dropping (frontal projection). The proposed device for dropping the fuel tank contains: a fuel tank holder, a holder mounting mechanism, additional fuel cells, a control unit.

The holder of the fuel tank 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 3) is a spatial structure of a fixed and movable part, made in the form of beams from a rigid structural material, for example, from a channel section metal. The fixed upper part includes two vertical struts 2 and two horizontal beams 3, rigidly interconnected in pairs at right angles, for example, by welding. Vertical struts 2 are rigidly fixed parallel to each other on the same level with their walls to the side member wall 4 of the vehicle frame, for example using a bolted connection. The movable part of the fuel tank holder includes two parallel sickle-shaped beams 5, the upper parts of which are coaxially pivotally attached to the lower ends of the vertical posts 2 with the possibility of movement in the vertical plane and rigidly interconnected by crossbars 6. Two eyes 7 are rigidly attached to the middle part of the upper crosspiece 6 , to which the hinge 9 is hinged with a finger 8 and the hole in the lower part. The upper part of the hinge 9 is made in the form of a tip 10 with an opening. The cross section of the tip 10 is smaller than the cross section of the strut 9, due to which supporting arms 11 are formed on it. To the walls of the struts and beams of the holder along the entire length from the inside, a shock-absorbing fuel tank 1 is attached with an elastic tape 12, for example, made of rubber.

The holder mounting mechanism includes an electromagnetic lock 13, rigidly attached to the top of the deck 14 of the vehicle’s onboard platform and a coil spring 15, the upper edge of which is rigidly attached to the bottom of the deck 14 of the onboard platform (Figs. 1, 2, 3). The inner diameter of the lock spring 15 allows the tip 10 to pass freely through it, but does not allow the body of the lock stand 9. To securely fix the core 16 of the electromagnetic lock 13 to the top of the deck 14 of the vehicle’s onboard platform, a support 17 in the form of a parallelepiped made of rigid structural material is coaxially fixed with a horizontal hole with an area of a larger cross-sectional area of the core 16 of the electromagnetic lock 13 (Fig. 3, 5, 6).

Additional fuel cells (Fig. 1, 2, 4) contain: fuel pipes 18, shut-off valves 19, spare fuel tank 20, fuel valve 21. Fuel pipes 18 are made of a cylindrical helical shape made of soft elastic material, for example, rubber reinforced metal cord. On one side, they are worn and secured with clamps on the discharge and drain fuel lines of the fuel supply line of the vehicle’s fuel system, on the other hand, at the ends of the nozzles 22 included in the fuel tank 1. Shutoff spring ball valves 19 are installed in front of the nozzles 22 in the fuel pipes 18. the absence of a second fuel tank in the vehicle’s standard equipment, and a crane for switching tanks, a spare fuel tank 20 of known design and an electromagnetic fuel tank are included in the device crane 21 for switching the fuel supply system from the main fuel tank 1 to the spare fuel tank 20. The electromagnetic fuel valve 21 has two positions: “O” - the main fuel tank; "Z" - spare fuel tank 20, as well as the position of the complete shutdown of the fuel supply (Fig. 4, 5).

The control unit (Fig. 5) contains a switch 23 of the electromagnetic lock 13 of the mounting mechanism of the holder with a control lamp 24, a switch 25 of the main fuel tank 1 to a spare fuel tank 20 of the electromagnetic valve 21 with control lamps 26. The control unit is integrated into the control unit of the transport funds and connects to its on-board network 27.

A device for discarding the fuel tank operates as follows.

In the initial position of the rim of the fuel tank 1 are placed in the channel profile of the racks 2 and beams 3, 5 of the holder (Fig. 2, 3). The tip 10 of the lock stand 9 through the lock spring 15, the hole in the deck 14 of the vehicle’s onboard platform is brought out of the deck 14, the core 16 of the de-energized electromagnetic tap 13 is inserted through the hole in the tip 10 into the hole of the support 17 (Fig. 5, position A ) The lock spring 15 is compressed and abuts against the supporting shoulders 11 of the lock rack 9 and the flooring 14 of the onboard platform. The control unit is connected to the on-board network 27, the switch 25 and the corresponding control lamp 26 are turned on in the "O" position, the switch 22 is turned off. The engine is started and the movement of the base vehicle is initiated.

To discard the fuel tank 1 from the vehicle when it ignites, the following operations are performed:

1. The switch 25 of the main fuel tank 1 is switched from position “O” to position “Z” (Fig. 5). The current from the on-board network 27 enters the winding "Z" of the electromagnetic valve 21. A spare fuel tank 20 is included in the power system, the fuel lines from the main fuel tank 1 are closed (Fig. 4). In the control unit, the corresponding warning lamp 26 lights up.

2. The switch 23 of the electromagnetic lock 12 of the holder mounting mechanism is turned on (Fig. 5). The current from the on-board network 27 enters the coil of the electromagnetic lock 13, the core 16 is retracted, leaves the locking hole in the support 17 and the tip 10 (Fig. 5, position B). The control lamp 24 lights up. The lock spring 15 opens, acts on the support arms 11 of the rack 9, the tip 10 is pushed out of the hole in the flooring 14 of the vehicle's on-board platform (Fig. 6).

Under the action of gravity, the movable part of the holder and the fuel tank 1 are moved down relative to the fixed part of the holder (Fig. 6). The fuel tank 1 in the process of moving along the lower crescent beams 5 of the holder as along the guides receives its own rotational and translational motion. The elastic screw cylindrical fuel tubes 18 rotate around their axes, straighten, not interfering with the movement of the tank 1. Due to the curvature of the crescent beam 5, a horizontal component of gravity arises, directed normally to the side from the direction of movement, acting on the fuel tank 1 and allowing it to be discarded by ballistic trajectories a certain distance from the vehicle. The ends of the fuel tubes 18 are pulled off from the nozzles 22 entering the fuel tank 1, the shut-off valves 28 are closed, preventing the pouring of the remaining fuel from the fuel lines.

To bring the vehicle to its original position, the following actions are performed:

1. A (new) fuel tank is placed in the movable part of the holder 1. The lock rack 9 rises up (the fuel tank rises with the movable part of the holder), the tip 10 through the lock spring 15, the hole in the deck 14 is displayed outside the onboard platform, the lock spring 15 is compressed . The switch 23 turns off, the control lamp 24 goes out. The windings of the lock 13 are de-energized, the core 16 of the electromagnetic lock 13 is pushed out from the body of the electromagnetic lock 13 by the action of its own spring and inserted through the hole in the tip 10 into the hole of the support 17. The fuel tank 1 is compressed by the rims through the elastic strip 12 and fixed in the initial position by the uprights 2 and beams 3, 5 of the holder. Helical cylindrical fuel tubes 18 (drain and discharge) are put on the nozzles 22 and fixed with clamps.

2. The switch 25 is turned on in the "O" position, the electromagnetic fuel valve 21, includes the main fuel tank 1 in the vehicle fuel system. The spare fuel tank 20 is closed, the warning lamp 26 corresponding to the position of the switch 25 lights up (Fig. 4, 5).

The vehicle is ready for further use. The alleged invention can find wide application for fire protection of vehicles with an external arrangement of cylindrical-shaped fuel tanks in cases of ignition of an energy carrier in (on) it.

Used sources

1. p. 7.7. Annexes to the Basic Provisions for the admission of vehicles to operation and the duties of officials to ensure road safety. Rules of the road Russian Federation. - M .: Atberg 98, 2018 .-- 64 p.

2. Pat. RU 2187349 C2 Russian Federation, IPC7 A62C 3/07. The way to prevent the explosion of energy in the tank / R.G. Papadopoulou. - No. 2000125660/12; declared 12.10.2000; publ. 08/20/2002.

3. Pat. RU 2247668 С2 IPC ⁷ B60R 19/20 Russian Federation, Catapult - an emergency and life-saving tool for the life of people, the crew of a car and the car itself in a collision on the road / N.A. Zakharov. - No. 2003104380/11, declared 02/13/2003, publ. 08/20/2004.

4. Pat. RU 2564253 C2 Russian Federation, IPC G08B 17/00. A method of protecting a vehicle from fire and a device for its implementation / Yu.V. Salomokhin, A.P. Trofimov, O.A. Matveev. A.Yu., Dashchenko. - No. 2013118595/08, 04/22/2013, publ. 09/27/2015.

Claims (1)

A device for dropping a fuel tank, comprising: a holder including vertical struts rigidly attached to the vehicle frame side members to which horizontal beams are coaxially attached from above, crescent-shaped channel cross-section beams pivotally attached from the bottom with elastic band running along their entire length, connected by cross members, to the top of which, with the help of eyes and an axis, a lock stand is pivotally attached, forming supporting shoulders with a tip; holder mounting mechanism, including an electromagnetic lock and support, rigidly attached from above to the deck of the vehicle’s onboard platform, a cylindrical spring attached to the shoulders of the lock platform by the top to the bottom of the deck, and through the cavity of which the hole in the deck platforms pass the tip, fixed by the core of the electromagnetic lock, passed through the through holes of the tip and supports; additional fuel elements, including screw-shaped fuel tubes of soft elastic material with shut-off ball valves that are put on the fuel tank nozzles, spare fuel tank, and an electromagnetic fuel valve; a control unit including a switch with a control lamp of an electromagnetic lock, a switch with control lamps of an electromagnetic fuel valve, connected to the on-board network of the vehicle.

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