RU2692998C1 - Device for fire protection of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: device contains: a holder, a fastening mechanism, a turning mechanism, additional fuel elements, a dropping mechanism and a control unit. Holder represents a frame spatial structure of L-shaped section, in which fuel tank is arranged and fixed with band yokes. Lower spring-loaded ends of yokes are fixed by electromagnetic locks. Bracket with rotary mechanism module is attached to the bottom of the spar, and to the ends of longitudinal beams of the lower frame of the holder there is a bracket with a module of the dropping mechanism. Modules accommodate coiled soft shells (cushions) with pyro-cartridges and gas generators inside. Vertical frame of holder in front in direction of movement is conjugated with spar universal hinge, and behind is fixed by electromagnetic lock. Fuel line ends are fitted with shut-off valves and soft fuel pipes arranged before fuel tank ends. Control unit is arranged in cabin and connected to vehicle onboard network. To drop the fire tank, the driver switches the electromagnetic fuel valve to an additional tank and closes the chain of the electromagnetic lock of the holder. Under the action of gravity, holder rotates around horizontal axis of hinge in vertical plane and closes electric circuit of rotation mechanism. Pyro-cartridge of the gas generator of the rotary mechanism is triggered, the shell is filled with compressed gas, unfolds, pushes the holder, turns it around the vertical axis of the hinge in the horizontal plane to the design angle and closes the chain of the fastening mechanism. Electromagnetic locks release clamps of attachment and close circuit of gas generator of dropping mechanism. Its shell is filled with compressed gas, straightened, pushes the burning fuel tank and throws it aside at safe distance. Soft screw-like tubes break from fuel lines, shut-off valves shut off fuel flow.

EFFECT: device can be used at ignition of energy carrier in fuel tank without vehicle stop.

1 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of preventing a fire (explosion) of a vehicle in the event of an energy carrier igniting in a fuel tank.

There is a method of extinguishing a fire using portable fire extinguishers, which should be on vehicles [1]. The main advantage of the method is its ease of operation and reliability.

The disadvantage of this method is that in case of ignition of the energy carrier in the tank in some cases (for example, if the vehicle is set on fire as a result of a terrorist act, a traffic accident, etc.), it is often not possible to use its standard fire extinguishers .

There is a method of extinguishing a fire by displacing air from a closed volume due to the supply of fire extinguishing fluid to the center of fire. The liquid is supplied by an actuator connected through a control and alarm unit with a thermal sensor unit [2].

The disadvantage of this method is the low efficiency of extinguishing the fire, because during the response time of the thermal sensors the fire can damage most of the vehicle's units.

A device for extinguishing vehicle tires, which prevents fire, is known.

It contains a tank with a refrigerant, which is connected through an electromagnetic valve and a piping system to nodes for extinguishing tire tires. The unit includes electromagnetic taps and diffusers diffusers located above each wheel. The control actuators contain infrared sensors placed above the wheels, with signal lamps, push-button switches of electromagnetic valves of diffusers-diffusers. Signal lamps, switches and switches are located in the cab, which allows selective supply of refrigerant to any wheel without people leaving the cab [3].

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of extinguishing, since during the response time of the thermal sensors, the fire can spread to the entire vehicle.

There is a method of protecting a vehicle from fire or explosion carried out by shooting (dropping) the fuel tank to a safe (in terms of fire propagation) distance from a car using a device that contains squibs [4].

The device incorporates an initiating device that is activated by the driver and which, by means of sensors located on the fuel tank, when it ignites (exploded), initiates, amplifies and transmits a signal to the electric igniters of the actuator igniter. The actuator is a mechanism for shooting and shutting off the fuel line from the fuel tank to the consumers of the vehicle fuel supply system in the form of a mechanical device, which disconnects the fuel line when the pyro cartridge is triggered and with the help of a shut-off valve preventing it from pouring out. The actuator also includes a mechanism for releasing the fuel tank in the form of locks, which, when the igniter is triggered, open the upper and lower ends of the band clamps securing the tank before it is shot. The actuator also includes the ejection mechanism, which includes a guide frame in which a tank is located on the rollers and a base plate with return springs pushing it when the cutter is triggered.

This device is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the device are:

- low reliability due to the complexity of the design, including a large number of parts, assemblies and mechanisms;

- low reliability due to the fact that the shooting of the fuel tank is made at right angles to the direction of movement of the vehicle, which causes lateral force, reducing its lateral stability against sliding (skidding on roads with low adhesion) or tipping over;

- the inability to use the regular fuel tank of the base vehicle, a special fuel tank is required.

The aim of the invention is to improve the reliability of the vehicle by preventing fire by throwing the burning fuel tank at an angle relative to the direction of the vehicle to a safe distance.

The proposed device is illustrated in the drawings presented on:

- FIG. 1 is a view of the device in the working position (top);

- FIG. 2 is a section along A-A (the broken line shows the position of the clamps of fastening of the fuel tank before dropping);

- FIG. 3 - section along BB - fastening the upper end of the collar on the longitudinal beam of the fuel tank holder (the broken line shows the position of the collar when dropping);

- FIG. 4 - side view of the device in the working position;

- FIG. 5 - a section along bb - universal joint in the working position;

- FIG. 6 - universal joint in the drop position;

- FIG. 7 is a diagram of the connection of the primary and secondary fuel tanks;

- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of the device;

- FIG. 9 - device in the drop position (top view);

- FIG. 10 - device in the drop position (side view); The proposed vehicle fire protection device includes: a fuel tank holder, a fuel tank attachment mechanism, a swivel mechanism, additional fuel cells, a swing mechanism, a control unit.

The device has two positions:

- working position when the vehicle is used for its intended purpose;

- the position when the fuel tank is thrown back and to the side at an angle to the direction of movement of the vehicle.

The fuel tank holder (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4) is a spatial L-shaped structure made of longitudinal beams 1, crossmembers 2 and racks 3, consisting of vertical and horizontal rectangular frames rigidly connected to each other at a right angle. The vertical frame includes vertical posts 3, an upper horizontal beam 4 and a lower horizontal beam 5, made of rigid structural material (for example, rolled metal of rectangular solid or box section), which are joined together, for example, by welding and form a rigid lattice structure. The lower horizontal beam 5 of the vertical frame is also the internal longitudinal beam of the horizontal frame. The outer lower longitudinal beam 6 is rigidly connected to the beam 5 by means of cross-beams 2. In the longitudinal beams 1, on the inner side, supporting balls 7 are mounted, protruding above their surface with the possibility of rotation in their sockets. In the horizontal beam 6, there are made through holes 8 of rectangular cross section with dimensions larger than the cross section of the fastening collars 23. The first hinge 3 of the fuel tank holder is fixed coaxially, for example, welded eyelets 9. The universal joint 11 is attached to the spar 10 of the vehicle frame (FIG. 2, 5), which is a figured steel plate 12, with which the horizontal axis 13 is rigidly mated, which is inserted into the hole in the wall of the side member 10 and fixed rotatably in a vertical plate -plane. The lugs 12 of the universal joint 11 are rigidly attached, for example, the lugs 14 are welded. The rotation of the universal hinge 11 in the vertical plane is limited by the angle a provided by the limiter 15 of the plate 12 that is mounted in the spar 10, in which the end spring contactor 16 is mounted (Fig. 5, 6). A vertical axis 17 is inserted and fixed into the openings of the lugs 9 and 11. The thickness of the plate 12 and the dimensions of the lugs 9 and 14 in the working position provide a gap between the side member 10 and the vertical frame of the fuel tank holder. Between the middle posts 3 of the vertical frame of the holder is placed and rigidly fixed (for example, by welding) thin-walled support plate 18, which forms the support surface for the power element of the turning mechanism (Fig. 4). To the front rack 3 of the fuel tank holder is rigidly attached, for example, the pressure lever 19 is welded, and opposite to it in the wall of the side member 10 is mounted the final spring-type contactor 20 (Fig. 1, 4). The fuel tank holder in the working position is fixed by means of an electromagnetic lock 21, the core of which is inserted into the locking hole 22, made in the wall of the last vertical rack 3 of the holder. The main fuel tank of the vehicle in the working position is placed in the cavity formed by the holder frames, rests its bottom on the balls 7 of the longitudinal beams 1.

The mounting mechanism of the fuel tank includes flat band clamps 23, made of elastic structural material, such as steel (Fig. 1, 2, 4). The upper ends of the clamps 23 is attached to the spring spiral shape. They are rigidly (for example, using a screw connection) without the possibility of rotation, stored in the slots of the axes 24 of the brackets 25 (FIG. 3), rigidly attached (for example, by welding) to the shelf of the upper horizontal beam 4. Cylindrical are rigidly attached to the lower ends of the clamps 23 cups 26, to which the bottom of the inside is also rigidly attached to the servo 27 so that the tape of the collar 23 is located inside the servo 27 (Fig. 10). In the working position, the lower end to overcome the bending elastic properties of the clamps 23 are inserted into the holes 8 in the outer horizontal beam 6, where they are fixed by the cores of the electromagnetic locks 28, which are inserted into the holes 29 made in the lower ends of the clamps 23. The servo 27 are in compressed, and the clamps 23 in the pre-stressed state. One of the glasses 26 in the working position opens the contacts of the spring contactor 30 (FIG. 4) mounted in the longitudinal beam 6 of the fuel tank holder.

The rotary mechanism (Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 9) includes a bracket 31, made of racks and struts rigidly attached to the bottom shelf of the side member 10. The bracket 31 is attached, for example, by means of a screw connection, a rigid module 32 of box section placed in it is hermetically closed shell 33 of a soft synthetic non-combustible material. In the cavity of the shell 33 is placed a gas generator 34 of known construction containing a squib and a solid fuel charge, when ignited, a large amount of gas, such as nitrogen, is released. The spar 10 is rigidly attached to the spar 10 with a holder stroke 35 in the form of a solid connection (for example, from a steel chain), which has a fixed length that ensures such a maximum angle of rotation of the holder so that the fuel tank is thrown off unhindered (without touching the parts and assemblies of the vehicle). The second end of the stopper 35 is attached to the eye, rigidly mated with the outer longitudinal beam 5 of the holder. In the working position, the shell 33 is collapsed and located in the module 32.

Additional fuel cells (Fig. 1, 2, 7, 9, 10) include: fuel tubes 36, shut-off valves 37, additional fuel tank 38, electromagnetic fuel valve 39. Fuel tubes 36 are made of soft elastic material (for example, rubber, reinforced with a metal cord) and made a helical cylindrical shape. On the one hand, they are put on the injection and drain lines of the fuel supply system of the vehicle, on the other, on the other, on the ends of the fuel lines directly entering the fuel tank and fixed on both sides by clamps. Shut-off spring ball valves 37 are installed in the fuel lines in front of the fuel tubes 36. In the absence of a second fuel tank in the vehicle’s standard configuration, and an additional fuel tank 38 and an electromagnetic fuel valve 39 for switching the fuel supply system from the main fuel tank are switched on the device on an additional fuel tank 38. Electromagnetic fuel valve 39 has two working positions: "O" - the main fuel tank; "D" - additional fuel tank (Fig. 7).

The drop mechanism (Figs. 1, 4, 9, 10) includes a bracket 40 of racks and struts rigidly attached to the middle elongated longitudinal beams 1 of the horizontal frame of the fuel tank holder. The bracket 40 is attached, for example, by means of a screw connection, a rigid box section module 41 with a hermetically closed shell 42 of soft synthetic non-combustible material placed in it, in the cavity of which a gas generator 43 containing a pyro cartridge and a solid fuel charge is placed.

The control unit (Fig. 8) contains: a switch 44 and two control lamps 45 of the provisions of the electromagnetic fuel tap 39 for switching fuel tanks from the main fuel tank to an additional fuel tank 38, a switch 46 (with spring breaker) of the electromagnetic lock 21 for holding the fuel tank holder with a control lamp 47; a control lamp 48 for triggering the igniter of the gas generator 34 of the module 32 of the turning mechanism, a control lamp 49 for triggering the electromagnetic locks 28 of the clamp mounting mechanism 23, a control lamp 50 for activating the trigger of the gas generator 43 of the fuel tank swing mechanism 41. The control unit can be integrated into the instrumentation unit of the base vehicle or manufactured as a portable control unit that is connected via plug connector 51 to the vehicle electrical system 52.

Device for fire protection of the vehicle against fire works as follows.

The control unit through plug connector 51 is connected to the on-board network 52, the engine is started and the movement of the base vehicle is initiated (FIG. 8).

To discard the main fuel tank the driver performs the following actions:

1. The main fuel tank switch 44 switches from the “O” position to the “D” position. The current from the on-board network 52 through the plug 51 is fed to the winding "D" of the electromagnetic valve 39. The additional fuel tank 38 is turned on in the power system, the fuel lines from the main fuel tank overlap (Fig. 7). The control lamp 45 corresponding to the position of the switch 44 lights up.

2. Turns on the switch 46 (Fig. 8). The current from the on-board network 52 enters the winding of the electromagnetic lock 21 fixing the holder of the main fuel tank, the control lamp 47 lights up, the core of the lock 21 comes out of the lock hole 22 of the rack 3 of the fuel tank holder (Fig. 4). Under the action of gravity, the holder with the fuel tank rotates around the axis 13 of the universal joint 11 relative to the side member 10 by angle α, the working end of the figured plate 12 rests against the stop 15 and closes the contacts of the spring contactor 16 (FIGS. 5, 6, 10). The current flows to the igniter of the gas generator 34 of the shell 33, the control lamp 48 lights up, the solid propellant charge ignites, the emitted gas fills the volume of the shell 33 (Fig. 9). The envelope is deployed, rests against the plate 18 and turns the fuel tank holder by an angle due to the stroke limiter 35. The pressure lever 19 closes the end contactor 20, the current flows to the electromagnetic locks 28 fixing the lower ends of the clamps 23 mounting the fuel tank, the control lamp 49 lights up. The cores are electromagnetic the locks 28 are removed from the holes 29 ends of the clamps 23, which under the action of the efforts of the servo spring 27 and the stresses in the clamps 23 are removed from the holes 8 in the longitudinal beam 6 of the holder and release give the fuel tank. Glasses 26 rise up, close the contacts of the spring contactor 30 (Fig. 2. 4. 10). The current flows to the igniter gas generator 43 shell 42; control lamp 50 lights up; solid fuel charge ignites; the gas released when the charge is triggered fills and deploys the casing 42. The casing 42, resting against the end of the fuel tank, throws it back at an angle without stopping the vehicle, the helical fuel tubes 36 are straightened, pulled off sections of the fuel lines entering the fuel tank, and the shut-off valves 37 are closed, preventing the pouring of residual fuel from the fuel lines (Fig. 9, 10).

The mass of the charge of the gas generator 43 and the strength of the material of the soft shell 42 is chosen so that the fuel tank, moving along the longitudinal beams 1 of the holder and resting the bottom on the beams 7 mounted in the beams, provides for overcoming the forces of rolling resistance of the tank and the resistance provided by fastening the fuel tubes 36 to the ends fuel lines entering the fuel tank.

The force of the impact of the shell 42 on the fuel tank is summed up by the horizontal component of the gravitational force of the fuel tank and the fuel filling it, due to the angle α of the holder.

In the working position of the vehicle is driven by the driver in a safe environment when stopping is possible. For this, the following actions are performed:

1. The control unit is de-energized (if necessary, the plug-in connection 51 is opened), the test lamps 45, 47-50 are extinguished.

2. Modulated soft shells 33 and 42 are removed from modules 32 and 41, new shells rolled and filled with squibs and gas generators are mounted in them.

3. The fuel tank holder is rotated, pressed against the side member 10 with a gap, the contacts of the spring contactor 20 are opened. Opposite from the universal joint 11, the side of the fuel tank holder rises to a horizontal position, the spring-loaded core of the electromagnetic lock-fixation lock 21 is inserted into the hole 22 of the rack 3, the contacts of the spring contactor 16 open.

4. Install new main fuel tank into holder.

5. The lower end of the clamps 23 are introduced into the holes 8 in the outer longitudinal beam 6, servo 27 is compressed. Spring-loaded cores of the electromagnetic locks 28 are inserted into the holes 29 of the lower ends of the clamps 23, the contacts of the spring contactor 30 open.

6. The igniters of the gas generators of the soft shells 33 and 42 are connected to the vehicle’s on-board network.

7. The control unit is connected to the vehicle electrical system. The switch 44 of the electromagnetic valve 39 is set to the desired position, including the main fuel tank or the additional fuel tank 38.

The vehicle is ready for use as intended.

The alleged invention can be widely used to protect vehicles with an external location of fuel tanks from fire in case of ignition of the energy carrier in the fuel tank, in cases when stopping the vehicle is dangerous or impossible.

Used sources

1. p. 7.7. Annexes to the Basic Provisions for the admission of vehicles to the operation and the duties of officials to ensure road safety. Traffic regulations Russian Federation. - M .: Atberg 98, 2018. - 64 p.

2. Pat. RU 2187349 С2 Russian Federation, IPC ⁷ A62C 3/07. The way to prevent the explosion of energy in the tank / RG Papadopoulou. - № 2000125660/12; claim 10/12/2000; publ. 08.20.2002

3. Pat. RU №2546467 Russian Federation, IPC А62С 2/06. Device for extinguishing vehicle tires / OA Matveev, A.P. Trofimov, G.I. Shibaev, D.A. Kovachev. - №2014115780 / 12; Claim 04/18/2014, publ. 04/10/2015.

4. Pat. RU 2564253 С2 Russian Federation, IPC G08B 17/00. The way to protect the vehicle from fire and device for its implementation / Yu.V. Salomokhin, A.P. Trofimov, O.A. Matveyev. A.Yu. Dashchenko. - №2013118595 / 08, 04.22.2013, publ. 09/27/2015.

Claims (1)

Device for vehicle fire protection containing fuel tank holder from rigidly mated with each other frames with vertical support plate in the middle part, including vertical racks, to the first of which a pressure lever is rigidly attached, which, when turning, includes a spring contactor integrated in the spar the fuel tank and eyelets, the last hole in the last rack, for the core of the electromagnetic lock, the cross member, the longitudinal beams with support balls, and Which inner bottom beam is common for vertical and horizontal frames forming an L-shaped spatial structure in which the upper longitudinal beam is attached to the front side of the vehicle by a universal joint with eyelets on the shaped plate with the possibility of rotating the fuel tank holder around the horizontal axis in the vertical plane up to the stop in the stroke limiter with a spring-closure electrical circuit of the rotary mechanism and around the vertical axis in the horizontal plane, and through openings are made in the outer bottom longitudinal beam; fuel tank attachment mechanism, including flat elastic band clamps, the upper ends of which are stored in the slots of the fixed axes rigidly attached to the upper horizontal beam of the holder of fuel tanks of brackets, rigidly attached to the clamps cylindrical glasses with servo-springs inside, and lower ends with openings inserted into through-holes the outer bottom horizontal beam, where they are fixed by the cores of the electromagnetic locks and open the spring switches of the electrical circuit of the fur low drop; a swivel mechanism, including a bracket attached to the bottom of the spar of the vehicle, a module with a soft shell placed inside it, containing inside the squib and gas generator, a rotation limiter of a fixed-length holder; additional fuel cells including built-in injection and drain fuel lines of the vehicle fuel supply system at the entrance to the fuel tank; helical cylindrical fuel tubes made of soft elastic material, shut-off spring ball valves, a spare fuel tank and an electromagnetic fuel cock; a discarding mechanism, including a bracket attached to the middle elongated longitudinal beams of the fuel tank holder, a module with a soft shell placed inside it, containing inside the squib and gas generator; a control unit that includes a switch connected to the vehicle’s on-board network with two control lamps for the electromagnetic fuel valve, an electromagnetic lock switch for holding the fuel tank holder with a control lamp, a control lamp for triggering the igniter’s gas generator of the steering mechanism, a control lamp for triggering the electromagnetic locks for the fuel mounting mechanism tank, control lamp for triggering of the igniter of the gas generator of the mechanism Throwing.

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