RU2681412C1 - Locomotive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway transport. Locomotive contains two sections equipped with a fire alarm system and automatic fire extinguishing. Each section has an indication and control unit, a section control unit, a backup power supply unit, manual fire detectors, fire heat detectors, fire smoke detectors, sound and light fire alarms, as well as extinguishing substance generators. Section control unit is connected with the locomotive equipment with the possibility of its shutdown when the extinguishing agent generators are triggered. Indication and control units of each section are interconnected, as well as with a fire condition recorder and a radio station control unit. Indication and control units of each section are designed to transmit temperature rising messages with regard to the control of fire heat detectors. Fire condition recorder is configured to read events occurring in the system for analyzing the causes of a fire or system malfunctions, taking into account the control of fire detectors over a local digital network.EFFECT: increase in the reliability of the system, a decrease in the probability of false alarms.4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of railway transport, namely to traction rolling stock (electric locomotive, diesel locomotive, etc.) containing a fire alarm system and automatic fire extinguishing.

State of the art

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a locomotive with a fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing system, disclosed in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2584852, 05.20.2016. The locomotive contains sections, in each of which control, indication and control units are installed, combined through a switching unit into a single system with fire detectors, sound and light annunciators, fire extinguishing actuators, a backup power supply unit, remote controls and locomotive communication devices. The known system is configured to operate in manual mode, automatic mode and manual delayed mode of operation. It is equipped with a radio adapter configured to notify the duty officer of the depot about the detection of a fire situation or unauthorized interference in the system via radio using a train radio station indicating the locomotive number in automatic mode without the participation of the driver. Executive fire extinguishing means are made in the form of fire extinguishing aerosol generators and gas fire extinguishing modules equipped with thermal starters. Thermal starters are included in an additional fire alarm loop with the ability to protect the system from false alarms in automatic mode. Remote controls are located on the outer surface of the locomotive.

A disadvantage of the known analogue is the relatively low reliability of the fire system, associated with the possibility of false alarms of detectors and thermal starters, as well as the inability to timely inform the locomotive team of the possible occurrence of a fire and registration of fire conditions for subsequent analysis of the causes of the fire.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the claimed invention is to increase the safety of movement and operation of the vehicle.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase traffic safety by increasing the reliability of the fire system on traction rolling stock (hereinafter referred to as the locomotive), reducing the likelihood of false positives, providing the possibility to inform the locomotive team about a possible fire when the temperature rises in a controlled room, as well as the possibility of subsequent analysis of the causes of the fire.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing system for a locomotive containing at least two sections equipped with a fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing system, with an indication and control unit, a section control unit installed in each locomotive section, backup power supply, manual fire detectors, heat and smoke fire detectors, sound and light fire alarms, as well as extinguishing generators. The section control unit is connected with the equipment of the locomotive and is configured to turn it off when the extinguishing substance generators are triggered. In each section of the locomotive, an additional docking module is installed to connect the system with fire extinguishing systems of other manufacturers according to an agreed data exchange protocol. Indication and control units of each section are interconnected, as well as with the fire status registration device and the radio control unit, installed in one of the sections of the locomotive. Remote start devices, fire detectors, fire alarms and extinguishing generators of each section are connected to the display and control unit with the formation of a ring local digital network. Thermal and smoke fire detectors are made in the form of addressable fire detectors. Moreover, thermal fire detectors are configured to control temperature changes. Indication and control units of each section are configured to transmit messages to the locomotive brigade about temperature increase taking into account the control of thermal fire detectors. The device for recording fire conditions has the ability to read the events occurring in the system to analyze the causes of the fire or system malfunctions, taking into account the control of fire detectors on the mentioned local digital network.

According to private variants of the invention:

- extinguishing substance generators are made in the form of fire extinguishing aerosol generators and / or gas fire extinguishing modules;

- light fire alarms are configured to display messages "gas-go", "gas-do not enter" and "automation is off";

- manual fire detectors, thermal and smoke fire detectors, fire alarms and fire extinguishing actuators of each section are connected to the display and control unit by means of two fire loops.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Further, a possible embodiment of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the figures, where:

figure 1 schematically shows a locomotive with a possible installation of equipment of a fire alarm system and automatic fire extinguishing;

figure 2 shows a diagram of the equipment of the fire alarm system and automatic fire extinguishing installed in one of the sections of the locomotive, for example the first section.

The structural elements of the fire alarm system and automatic fire extinguishing are indicated in the figures by the following positions:

1 - block indication and control (BIU);

2 - section control unit;

3 - thermal detectors;

4 - smoke detectors;

5 - sensors of the closed door;

6 - fire alarms (siren);

7 - light fire alarms (light indicators);

8 - manual fire detectors;

9 - extinguishing agent generators;

10 - backup power supply unit (BIU);

11 - fire state registration device (URPS);

12 - radio control unit (BURS);

13 - fire alarm loop (ШПС1);

14 - fire alarm loop (ШПС2);

15 - docking module (converter).

The claimed system of fire alarms and automatic fire extinguishing (SPSiUPT) locomotive, which may be a diesel locomotive, electric locomotive, etc. and consists of two or more sections, and each of the sections is equipped with fire fighting equipment.

In each section of the locomotive (see Fig. 1, 2), an indication and control unit (BIU) (1), a control unit (BU) with a section (2), addressable heat (3) and smoke (4) fire detectors (IP) are installed , closed door sensors (5), sound (6) and light (7) fire alarms (OP), manual fire alarms (remote start devices) (8), extinguishing agents (extinguishing means) (9), backup power supply (PDU) (10) with battery level control, as well as a docking module (converter) (15).

In addition, in one of the sections of the locomotive (for example, in the first section), a fire state registration device (URPS) (11) and a radio control unit (BURS) (12) are also installed.

BIU (1) of each section are interconnected. In the main (for example, the first) section of the locomotive, URPS (11) and BURS (12) are also connected to the BIU (1).

The control unit (CU) section (2) is connected with the CIU (1) and has the function of automatically turning off the technological equipment of the locomotive before starting the extinguishing agent generators (9) by lowering the pantograph and turning off the fans when used in electric locomotives or by breaking the traction collection chains and stopping the diesel engine when used in diesel locomotives.

A docking module (converter) (15) is connected to a BIU (1) and is designed to connect another fire extinguishing system from other manufacturers to the system under consideration, which can be used to connect two or more locomotives with different fire extinguishing systems according to an agreed data exchange protocol. In other words, this module (15) allows you to dock (joint) sections of locomotives on which SPSiUPT is installed, with sections of locomotives with other fire extinguishing systems and ensures the joint operation of SPSiUPT with these systems.

Fire alarms (6, 7) are connected to the control unit (2). The sound OP (6) is made in the form of a siren, while the light OP (7) is made in the form of light signs “gas-go away”, “gas-do not enter”, “automation is on”, etc. The gas-go warning device is located in a room with fire-extinguishing aerosol generators. The gas-go-and-gas-not alarms are always on when fire extinguishing is turned on, as People may accidentally be in the room, and the purpose of these sirens is to notify these people. At the same time, the siren (6) is turned on for notification. The “do not enter gas” siren is located in an adjacent room, for example, in the vestibule, so that no one accidentally enters the fire-fighting room.

Extinguishing agent generators (fire extinguishing agents) (9) are also connected to control unit (2) and are designed as fire extinguishing aerosol generators and / or gas fire extinguishing modules.

IP are made by address, i.e. each IP (3, 4) has an individual address assigned to it, identified by an addressable control panel. In this case, the heat detectors (3) are configured to control the temperature in the room.

A system with the indicated addressable heat detectors (3) has significant advantages compared to existing fire systems that use heat starters having a glass flask with a liquid that breaks down at a certain temperature. The advantages are due to the fact that in a locomotive a glass bulb during operation can easily collapse under mechanical stress, which will lead to a false start of fire fighting. In addition, analog temperature fire detectors used in similar systems without a temperature control function also have disadvantages associated with false alarms, because they generate a fire signal in the form of a change in the resistance of the fire alarm loop (SHPS), i.e. changes in current in the circuit. Considering that the current in the SHPS usually has a value of no more than 10 mA, in the locomotive a noise can be induced on such a loop, causing false notification when the locomotive moves.

IP (3, 4), OP (6, 7) and manual fire detectors (8) are combined into a local digital network, which is organized as a ring network connected by both ends to the BIU (1) via two fire alarm loops (ШПС1 and ШПС2) (13, 14). A ring local digital network allows you to monitor the status of the IP (3, 4), as well as receive data from heat detectors (3). This makes it possible to measure the temperature increase in the protected premises, which allows you to algorithmically decide on the occurrence of a fire in these rooms. With an initial increase in temperature, the locomotive team may receive a “attention” message about the possibility of a fire. This control method eliminates the possibility of false alarms in the automatic mode in the absence of a locomotive crew, because the decision on the issuance of a signal to start a fire extinguishing in a BIU (1) is carried out on the basis of a sufficient amount of measurement information from two or more PIs (3, 4) during the necessary and sufficient measurement time. False alarming here means a notification generated by the alarm system about the occurrence of an alarm event in the absence of obvious signs characterizing it.

The URPS (11) receives data from the BIU (1) of each section to ensure registration of the fire conditions of the system (fire or a malfunction of the system) with the possibility of subsequent reading of events to analyze the causes of the fire or malfunctions of the system, taking into account the control of the fire alarm (3, 4) digital network.

BURS (12) provides automatic notification of the duty officer on the depot via the radio channel about emergency situations (fire, malfunction, unauthorized entry into the locomotive, etc.) when the locomotive is in sludge mode.

The specialist will understand that the detail, location and number of SPSiUPT blocks is determined by the project for a specific locomotive series.

The system can operate in three modes: “manual”, “manual with a delay” in the operating mode of the locomotive and “automatic” in the sludge mode in the absence of a locomotive crew. At the same time, fire extinguishing is started in any section from any BIU (1) in any driver’s cab.

Thus, the present invention provides increased safety of movement and operation by expanding the functionality of the fire system in relation to the closest analogue due to the fact that:

- when the locomotive crew is in the locomotive, it is possible to send a “attention” message to it when the temperature rises in controlled rooms from heat detectors of firefighters via a digital local area network;

- it was possible to register fire conditions of the system in the URPS for reading events in order to analyze the causes of the fire or malfunctions;

- it is possible to transmit messages from the BIU to the driver about the malfunction of communication lines with fire extinguishers, malfunctions of digital fire alarm loops, unauthorized access to the units, fire in each section of the locomotive;

- provided the ability to connect the system to other fire systems used on the locomotive.

All this makes it possible to increase the safety of the locomotive’s movement and operation, by increasing the reliability of the fire alarm system and automatic fire extinguishing on the locomotive, reducing the likelihood of false alarms, ensuring that the locomotive crew is informed of a possible fire, and also making it possible to analyze the causes of the fire.

Claims (11)

1. Fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing system for a locomotive containing at least two sections, each section is equipped with a fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing system, with an indication and control unit (1), a section control unit (2), and a control unit in each section backup power (10), manual fire detectors (8), fire heat detectors (2), fire smoke detectors (3), fire alarms (6), fire alarms (7), and fire extinguishing generators (9), with this m section control unit (2) is connected with the equipment of the locomotive with the ability to turn it off when the extinguishing substance generators are triggered (9), characterized in that in one of the sections, a fire state registration device (11) and a radio control unit (12) are installed, in each section of the locomotive, an additional docking module (15) is installed to connect the fire alarm system and automatic fire extinguishing systems with fire extinguishing systems of other manufacturers according to an agreed data exchange protocol, indication and control units (1) of each section are interconnected, as well as with a fire status registration device (11) and a radio control unit (12), remote start devices (8), fire detectors (3, 4), fire alarms (6, 7) and extinguishing generators (9) of each section are connected to the indication and control unit (1) with the formation of a ring local digital network and fire heat detectors (3) and fire smoke detectors (4) are made in the form of addressable fire detectors, moreover, fire heat detectors (3) are made with the ability to control temperature changes, indication and control units (1) of each section are configured to transmit messages to the locomotive brigade about temperature increase taking into account control of fire heat detectors (3), and a fire state registration device (11 ) made with the possibility of reading events occurring in the fire alarm system and automatic fire extinguishing to analyze the causes of the fire or violations of the fire alarm system and the car fire extinguishing taking into account the control of fire detectors (3, 4) via the mentioned local digital network. 2. The system according to claim 1, in which the extinguishing agent generators (9) are made in the form of fire extinguishing aerosol generators and / or gas fire extinguishing modules. 3. The system according to claim 1, in which the fire alarms (7) are configured to display messages "gas-go", "gas-do not enter" and "automation is on." 4. The system according to claim 1, in which manual fire detectors (8), fire heat detectors (2) and fire smoke detectors (3), fire alarms (6, 7) and extinguishing agents (9) of each section are connected to the unit indication and control (1) by means of two fire alarm loops (13, 14).

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