RU2525478C2 - Fire alarm warning system for railway electric trains - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to safety systems for railway transport. Proposed fire alarm warning system for railway trains includes monitoring and control panels in the first and the second train head cars. The panels provide polling of car controllers, as well as sound and light signalling connected with controllers. Each controller is connected with car condition sensors. Each of the panels contain step pulse generator sending pulse to car controller of the first car. After data transmission from controller of the first car to the first panel, this controller automatically disconnects from communication line while connecting to communication line the second car controller, and the first panel switches on the step pulse generator.

EFFECT: higher system reliability.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to safety systems in railway transport.

The closest analogues are systems (http://grin59.fotum2x2.ru/t5955-topic, _e.html 12/03/2010), in which when installing these systems on an electric train, which includes up to 12 cars with serial numbers, memory of control panels installed in head cars, and factory numbers of cars of this composition are entered in the memory of car controllers. During operation, control panels via a two-wire line interrogate car controllers by their numbers in order to obtain information about the fire-safety condition of the cars on which the detector sensors are located.

With an uncontrolled system for the transfer of wagons, it is not uncommon for a train to have several wagons with the same numbers or with numbers not stored in the PKU memory and having wagon controllers from different modifications of trains and different manufacturers, as a result, the control panel cannot tell which car of two with the same number, an event occurred, for example, a fire or unauthorized entry. The situation is aggravated with a possible increase in the number of such "doubles" in the train. In this case, the system does not provide address determination by train composition of a malfunction, for example, a break or short circuit in the communication line connecting the car controllers to control panels, the system goes out of service, and finding the malfunction address is difficult and requires more time and labor, except Moreover, these systems have low noise immunity from the effects of electromagnetic radiation from the electrotechnical mechanisms of the train, since car controllers are constantly located in the on state in standby modes for receiving search signals from control panels.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that it does not have sufficient stability and survivability, ensuring a healthy state when operating in real conditions.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a fire-alarm warning system for a railway train, which provides increased stability and reliability of maintaining its operable state under real operating conditions, and with various types of carriages in the train and when exposed to external electromagnetic interference from the electric mechanisms of the electric train, as well as for automatic detection addresses of damage to the communication line between PKU and car controllers and thereby reducing labor costs by eliminating s link fault.

The technical result is an increase in reliability and survivability, as well as the noise immunity of the fire and security warning signaling, while reducing labor costs for troubleshooting the communication line.

The task is achieved due to the fact that in the fire-alarm warning system of a railway train containing symmetrical and connected to power sources, control and control panels (PKU) installed in the first and second head carriages of the train, which provide interrogation of car controllers, their management and sound and light signaling in the event of an event, connected by a two-wire communication line with installed in each agon controllers, and each controller is connected to sensors that monitor the fire safety condition of the car, each control panel contains a step pulse generator, and the step pulse generator of the first directional control panel sends a first pulse through the communication line to the car controller of the first car, which is stored in the console memory with a designation on the control panel PKU, while all other car controllers are disconnected from the communication line, and after transferring information from the controller of the first car to the first PKU, this controller is automatic It is disconnected from the communication line, including the contact of the connection circuit of the controller of the second carriage, the first control panel includes a step pulse generator, which sends the second pulse and stores it in its memory with the designation on the control panel board, and then all the car controllers turn on and off in the same way until the end of the train, the encoded signal of the controller located in the second head carriage includes the second step-by-step polling cycle by the first control panel, and when the direction of movement changes, the second control panel is turned on, located nny second head carriage, and works similarly.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 presents a block diagram of a device

figure 2 is a diagram of the remote control PKU,

figure 3 is a diagram of a car controller.

Designations in the drawings:

1 - 1n - control and management panels (PKU), which provide step-by-step turning on of car controllers and receiving from them coded information about the fire-safety condition of cars;

2 - 2n - wagon controllers that provide monitoring of the operation of detector sensors installed on wagons;

3 - 3n - detector sensors that monitor the fire safety condition of cars (smoke, heat, open flame, movement, etc.);

4 - power supply for car controllers and sensors 2;

5 - 5 - PKU power sources;

6 - 6 - devices for interfacing with the service radio station, transmitting information on the radio channel to the duty station of the Depot;

7 - the step generator module is made on a microprocessor that generates pulses according to a given program;

8 - information processing and storage module — is executed on a microprocessor operating according to a given program;

9 - light signaling module, is an LED indicators and control drivers, controlled by a microprocessor that runs on a given program;

10 - a module for transmitting current pulses to a car controller and receiving encoded signals from the car controller, is a differentiating circuit with optocoupler isolation for receiving information and a transistor with overload protection for transmitting information associated with a microprocessor operating under a given program;

11 - PKU keyboard, which is 6 function keys with the transfer of information to a microprocessor that runs on a given program;

12 - control module of a step generator, made on a microprocessor that runs on a given program;

13 - voice alert module, made on the electrodynamic speaker and class D amplifier;

14 - a device for interfacing PKU 1 with a service radio station;

15 - a module for receiving pulses from PKU 1, which is a voltage meter in the communication line with optocoupler isolation connected to the input of the microprocessor operating according to a given program;

16 - a module for monitoring the functioning of detector sensors installed on a carriage, which is a meter and a current limiter, differentiating an optocoupler circuit for receiving information from address labels and transmitting it to a microprocessor operating according to a given program;

17 - module for transmitting information to PKU 1 of the fire-safety condition of the car, assembled on a current-limited transistor and controlled by a microprocessor operating under a given program;

18 - module self-disconnecting from the communication line with the control panel and turning on the controller of the second car, made on two counter-switched field-effect transistors controlled by a microprocessor operating under a given program.

The system includes: two identical monitoring and control panels 1 (PKU) installed in two head cars, car controllers 2 placed in each car of the train, detector sensors 3 in each car, monitoring the fire safety condition of the cars.

Detector sensors 3 of each wagon are connected to their wagon controllers 2, which are connected according to a predetermined program via a two-wire communication line to PKU 1. PKU 1 contains a step pulse generator module 6, information processing and storage module 8, a module for transmitting current pulses to the car controller and receiving encoded signals 10 from the car controllers 2, monitoring the fire and security condition in the cars, the control module of the step-by-step pulse generator 12, the module of sound and light alarm with speech accompaniment about the encoded signals received from the wagon controllers 9, a device for interfacing with the service radio 14. The wagon controller 2 contains a module 15 for receiving pulses from a control panel 1, a module 16 for monitoring the operation of detector sensors 3, which monitor the fire safety condition of the wagon, and a transmission module 17 for the communication line on PKU 1 of the coded signals about the fire-safety condition of the car, the module 18 self-shutdown (automatic shutdown) of the controller of the first car and automatic connection to the communication line of the controller of the second car on after data transfer to PKU.

In the starting state of the system, the controller 2 of the first from the head car has a direct connection via a two-wire line with PKU 1.

The system works as follows: when on-board power is supplied, the step-by-step generator module PKU 1, depending on the direction of train movement, delivers the first pulse via the communication line to the car controller 2 of the first car, which is stored in the console memory, for example, as “1” with the designation PKU 1, for example, as “car No. 1”, while all other car controllers 2 are disconnected from the communication line, and after transmitting information from the controller 2 of the first car to the first PKU 1, this controller 2 is automatically disconnected from the communication line, In this case, pinning the contact of the connection circuit to the communication line of controller 2 of the second carriage, and the first PKU 1 includes a step pulse generator 7, which sends a second pulse and stores in its memory, for example, “2” with the designation PKU 1 on the display, such as “ car No. 2 ", and then all car controllers are turned on in a similar manner step by step until the end of the train, the encoded signal of controller 2 located in the second head car includes the second step-by-step polling cycle by the first PKU 1, when the direction of movement changes, the second PKU 1 is turned on, aspolozhenny second head carriage, works similarly.

The fire-alarm warning system for electric trains differs from analogues in that it increases its stability and survivability under real operating conditions, with various types of car trailers and when exposed to external electromagnetic interference from electric trains, as well as for the automatic determination of the damage address PCU communication lines with car controllers and thereby reducing labor costs for troubleshooting communication lines, applied fundamentally new technical solutions for constructing the system and another principle of its functioning, ensuring absolute independence of the system from any types of car trailers at different times with different and identical numbers due to the fact that determining the number of the car in which it caught fire or unauthorized entry (for example, “ in the case of “sludge” of the train), it is determined not by their numbers, but by the topological location of its location in the train by step-by-step sequential interrogation of car controllers 2 with a hundred PKU 1, sending pulses of inclusion of car controllers 2, starting from the first controller of the first car, while noting the number of car “1” on its scoreboard and to the last car of the train with increasing numbers of cars on the board, receiving information about the fire-prevention state from each wagons, and also due to the fact that all wagon controllers 2 are disconnected from the communication line during the system’s operation and cannot transmit false information from electromagnetic interference to PKU 1, with the exception of one that received a pulse from PKU 1 and which The second one transmits information to PKU 1 at a given moment of time, followed by automatic self-disconnection from the communication line and turning on the next car controller to the communication line.

At the same time, the system operates in an automatic mode, repeating cycles of interrogation of train cars according to the ring principle. In the event of a failure of one car controller, the previous controller gives information to the control panel about the failure of the upcoming controller of the upcoming car, unable to transmit information indicating its number, the failed controller is automatically excluded from operation and automatically shunted over the communication line to enable the subsequent controller of the subsequent car.

Since all carriage controllers of the train, except for one, are in a state disconnected from the communication line, a communication line malfunction, line break or short circuit prevents the pulse from passing through the control panel to some carriage controller, the address of which becomes known from the information of the previous controller of the previous one wagon with an accuracy of one wagon. Alarm information from PKU 1 through a device 14 for interfacing with a service radio station is transmitted over the air to the duty station of the Railway Depot at the place of registration of the train.

In contrast to existing analogues, when installing the system on an electric train, no settings and adjustments are required; no intervention by maintenance personnel is required either when installing the system on an electric train or during operation. The system starts up automatically when the on-board power supply is applied and operates in this mode either in one direction of train movement or in the opposite direction of movement. At the same time, the locomotive brigade of the electric train is not burdened by any intervention at all, as soon as the on-board power supply is turned on or off.

Claims (1)

Fire alarm system for railway trains, containing symmetrical control panels connected to power sources and operating alternately depending on the direction of movement, control and control panels (PKU) installed in the first and second head cars of the train, providing interrogation of car controllers, their control and sound and light signaling in the event of an event connected to the controllers installed in each car by a two-wire communication line, each controller It is connected with sensors monitoring the fire-fighting condition of the carriage, characterized in that each control panel contains a step pulse generator, and the step pulse generator of the first directional control panel sends a first pulse via the communication line to the car controller of the first car, which is stored in the console with the designation on the control panel board, and all other car controllers are disconnected from the communication line, and after transmitting information from the controller of the first car to the first control panel, this controller is automatically disconnected from communication lines, including the contact of the connection circuit to the communication line of the controller of the second carriage, and the first control panel includes a step pulse generator that sends a second pulse and stores it in its memory with the designation on the control panel board, and then all the car controllers turn on and off in turn until the end of the composition, the encoded signal of the controller located in the second head carriage includes the second step-by-step polling cycle by the first PKU, and when the direction of movement changes, the second PKU located in the second head turns on Mr. car and works similar, with alarming information through an interface with PKU service station is transmitted by radio to that station attendant item Depot Railroad train at the place of residence.

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