CN113734235A - Subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis combination device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis combined device for a subway train. The device is composed of a control module, an intelligent guidance module, a data acquisition module, a fire monitoring module, a bearing vibration monitoring module, a carriage state monitoring module, a data processing module, a clock module, an EEPROM module, an LED indicator lamp module and an alarm module, and is mainly applied to monitoring, acquisition, analysis and diagnosis of train operation state data of a subway train carriage state monitoring system, a train fault diagnosis system and the like. The device disposes multiple high performance sensor processing circuits such as speed, displacement, temperature sensing, smoke sensing, temperature cigarette, miniature surveillance camera head, realizes data transfer through on-vehicle ethernet, RS485 communication, has that communication rate is high, low time delay, the advantage that fail safe nature is high, and composite set realizes multiple data analysis processing function, has overcome traditional on-vehicle alarm system function singleness, reliability low, the untimely shortcoming of reporting to the police.

Description

Subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis combination device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sensors and fault diagnosis, in particular to a smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis combined device for a subway train.

Background

The subway train smoke alarm and the bearing fault monitoring are directly related to the safety, stability, reliability, comfort, train running speed and the like of the subway train running. Along with the rapid development of urban rail transit construction in China, subway trains are more and more emphasized by the national urban transportation development with the advantages of large passenger capacity, high speed, no pollution, full space utilization, convenience, rapidness, no influence of climate conditions and the like. However, as the subway train has high personnel density in the carriage, small moving space and closed transportation line, the train is in a high-speed moving state, once a fire disaster occurs or a bearing fault is not treated in time, accidents are easily caused, the rescue work is very difficult, and irrecoverable casualties and huge economic loss are caused. How to strengthen the fire monitoring and the bearing fault detection of the subway train, ensure the safe and stable running of the train and the safe and comfortable trip of passengers is a new subject before people.

At present, fire detection systems configured on domestic subway trains are all imported products abroad, due to the limitation of intellectual property rights, a fire detection device is expensive, and the maintenance and fault diagnosis and maintenance of the system need the help of foreign technicians, so that the utilization and maintenance of the products are limited and inconvenient. In addition, the prior train fire alarm system in China has single function, low reliability and untimely alarm, can not realize intellectualization, and a combined device for fire alarm detection and bearing fault diagnosis is not available in China. Therefore, the innovative research of the subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis system not only can monitor the train running condition in real time, intelligently analyze and guide the train to run better through the detected data, but also is beneficial to breaking the foreign technical monopoly and improving the train running automation and comfort. Along with the demand of rapid development in China, the demand of intercity rail transit vehicles is continuously increased, so that the method has a better application prospect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a special combination device for smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis of a subway train aiming at the technical defects of the prior subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis device in China, which is mainly applied to dynamic monitoring of subway train carriages, fire alarm monitoring, dynamic monitoring of bearing vibration and corresponding fault diagnosis and realizes the functions of whole-course monitoring of trains, temperature and smoke information acquisition and intelligent processing, acquisition, analysis, processing, fault self-diagnosis and the like of bearing vibration data. The module can be used independently or inserted into the chassis in a module form.

A smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis combined device for a subway train comprises a control system, and a fire monitoring module, a bearing vibration monitoring module, a carriage state monitoring module, an LED indicator lamp module and an alarm module which are respectively connected with the control system, wherein the control system is also connected with an intelligent train operation guiding module which is a system installed on the train and used for controlling the train to operate;

the fire monitoring module is used for detecting temperature or smoke values and sending the temperature or smoke values to the control system;

the bearing vibration monitoring module is used for detecting bearing vibration data and sending the bearing vibration data to the control system;

the carriage state monitoring module is a monitoring camera and is used for monitoring dynamic images in the carriage;

the control system comprises a controller, an EEPROM module and a clock module; the controller comprises a controller chip and the following program modules: the device comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module and a control module; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring train speed and displacement data and temperature or smoke data in a carriage; the data processing module classifies, analyzes and processes the acquired data, acquires temperature smoke detection data and bearing amplitude data and transmits the temperature smoke detection data and the bearing amplitude data to the control module; the control module outputs a temperature smoke instruction or a bearing operation instruction to the intelligent guidance module so as to control the stable operation of the train;

the LED indicator light module is used for indicating the working states of the control system, the fire monitoring module, the bearing vibration monitoring module and the carriage state monitoring module;

and the alarm module is used for giving an alarm by an LED display lamp and a buzzer when smoke, overhigh temperature or bearing faults are detected.

The fire monitoring module comprises at least one of a temperature-sensing sensor, a smoke-sensing sensor and a temperature-smoke composite sensor and is used for monitoring fire in a train carriage or a matched electric control cabinet; a smoke sensor is arranged in a subway carriage, and a temperature and smoke composite sensor is arranged in a carriage equipment cabinet, a low-voltage cabinet and a relay cabinet.

The bearing vibration monitoring module comprises a displacement sensor and a speed sensor which are arranged at a train bearing and is used for monitoring the vibration of the train bearing in real time.

The data processing module is bearing amplitude data calculated according to train speed and displacement data in a period of time.

The control module comprises the following subprogram modules: the system comprises a main control unit, an alarm judgment module, a fault diagnosis module, an auxiliary module and an interruption correlation module; the alarm judging module is stored with working thresholds of temperature or smoke data and bearing amplitude data and used for judging whether the working thresholds exceed the limit or not; the fault diagnosis module is used for drawing a fault waveform in real time according to the bearing amplitude data and comparing the fault waveform with a fault waveform database so as to judge the fault type of the bearing and output a bearing operation instruction; the main control unit coordinates the work of each subprogram module.

The fault waveforms in the fault waveform database are collected in advance, the fault types comprise inner ring faults, outer ring faults, fatigue wear, overhigh temperature, cracks, fractures and vibration noise increase, and the fault types are divided into high and low grades under respective types according to set thresholds.

When the respective fault type is at a lower level, the bearing operation instruction is that the train continuously runs to the next station or a maintenance site and the fault state is monitored in real time in the running process; and when the respective fault types are of high grades, the bearing operation instruction is that the train is braked and stopped and waits for maintenance on site.

The interrupt correlation module comprises an asynchronous serial communication module, a 1ms timing module and an A/D sampling module; the A/D sampling module is connected with the data acquisition module and is used for carrying out A/D conversion on the acquired data; the asynchronous serial communication module is connected with the intelligent train operation guiding module and is used for communicating with the intelligent train operation guiding module; the 1ms timing module is connected with the clock module and used for setting sampling frequency.

The EEPROM module is used for configuring the register setting in the exchange chip.

The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:

1. the device integrates various high-performance sensors such as speed, displacement, temperature sensing, smoke sensing and miniature monitoring cameras, realizes the functions of subway train state monitoring, self diagnosis, data fitting and comprehensive analysis, and overcomes the defects of single function, low reliability and untimely alarm of the traditional vehicle-mounted alarm system.

2. The device realizes bearing fault monitoring and fault diagnosis mode that manual control and intelligent control combined together, improves the train control degree of accuracy, reduces accident probability.

3. The device can be used on a train independently, can also be used as a plug-in unit of a certain system on the train and is arranged in a case for application, and meets the requirements of reliability and informatization of the vehicle-mounted device of the urban rail transit vehicle.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fire monitoring system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control module structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the bearing vibration monitoring of the present invention.

In fig. 1: the system comprises a fire monitoring module 101, a bearing vibration monitoring module 102, a carriage real-time monitoring module 103, a data acquisition module 104, a data processing module 105, a control module 106, an EEPROM module 107, an intelligent guidance module 108, an alarm module 109, an LED indicator light module 110, a clock module 111 and a B2 type subway train 112.

In fig. 2: the system comprises a main control unit 201, an alarm judging module 202, a fault diagnosis module 203, an auxiliary module 204 and an interrupt correlation module 205. The interrupt correlation module 205 includes: an asynchronous serial communication module 206, a 1ms timing module 207, and an a/D sampling module 208.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

In order to further understand the features and technical contents of the present invention, a subway train of type B2 is taken as an example to illustrate the related implementation method of the present invention.

The structure and the principle of the invention are shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3.

As shown in fig. 1, the clock module 111 receives a control signal from the control module 106 or the intelligent guidance module 108 to determine a data acquisition frequency of the data acquisition module 104, the data acquisition module 104 receives the data acquisition frequency to control the fire monitoring module 101 (including smoke, temperature and smoke sensors), the bearing vibration monitoring module 102 (including speed and displacement sensors), and the dynamic car monitoring module 103 (including a micro monitoring camera) to acquire real-time data of the subway train, and transmits the acquired data to the data processing module 105, the data processing module analyzes, fits and diagnoses the acquired data, and transmits signal information to the control module 106 and the intelligent guidance module 108, and the control module 106 and the intelligent guidance module 108 complete corresponding alarm, indicator light display, automatic fault source search, and alarm according to the type of the analyzed data, And changing a series of control instructions such as data acquisition frequency, train braking, emergency stop, continuous running and the like. The control module 106 and the intelligent control module 108 are combined, for a sensor module giving a fire alarm, a system automatically calls a micro camera in a corresponding carriage to search for an alarm reason, corresponding processing is carried out after manual confirmation, the situation that a train immediately takes emergency braking to cause panic of passengers after smoke alarm is avoided, a bearing fault waveform database introduced into the device can be automatically matched with a bearing vibration waveform monitored by the sensor, corresponding processing signals are automatically made to guide the train to run, a control mode combining manual operation and intelligent control is realized, and compared with the conventional vehicle-mounted system, the system is more intelligent and automatic.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control module structure, which includes a main control unit 201, an alarm determination module 202, a fault diagnosis module 203, an auxiliary module 204, and an interrupt correlation module 205, where the interrupt correlation module 205 includes a 1ms timing module 207, an a/D sampling module 208, and an asynchronous serial communication module 206. The alarm judging module 202 stores a working threshold of temperature or smoke data and bearing amplitude data, and is used for judging whether the working threshold exceeds the limit; the fault diagnosis module 203 is used for drawing a fault waveform in real time according to the bearing amplitude data and comparing the fault waveform with a fault waveform database so as to judge the fault type of the bearing; the main control unit 201 coordinates the operation of the various sub-program modules. The a/D sampling module 208 is connected to the data acquisition module 104 for performing a/D conversion on the acquired data; the asynchronous serial communication module 206 is connected with the train operation intelligent guidance module 108 for communication therewith; the 1ms timing module 207 is connected to the clock module 111 for setting a sampling frequency; the clock module is used for controlling the frequency of data acquisition. The asynchronous serial communication module 206 adopts vehicle-mounted Ethernet and RS485 communication.

FIG. 3 shows a bearing vibration monitoring flow chart, a module and intelligent guidance module schematic diagram, comprising the following steps:

1) monitoring bearing vibration data;

the data processing module 104 calculates amplitude bearing data according to the monitored bearing speed and position data;

2) the control module draws a bearing vibration waveform in real time according to the amplitude data;

3) comparing the control module with a fault waveform database;

4) the control module gives out a vibration fault type and outputs a bearing operation instruction; the failure types include inner ring failure, outer ring failure, fatigue wear, excessive temperature, cracks, fractures, increased vibration noise, and other failures. When the respective fault type is at a lower level, the bearing operation instruction is that the train continuously runs to the next station or a maintenance site and the fault state is monitored in real time in the running process; and when the respective fault types are of high grades, the bearing operation instruction is that the train stops running and waits for maintenance on site.

5) And the train operation intelligent guidance module adjusts the operation speed or stops for maintenance according to the bearing operation instruction.

The connection relation of the modules is as follows: the control module 106 is respectively connected with the intelligent guidance module 108, the data processing module 105, the alarm module 109, the EEPROM module 107, the LED indicator light module 110 and the clock module 111; the data acquisition module 104 is respectively connected with the fire monitoring module 101, the bearing vibration monitoring module 102, the carriage dynamic monitoring module 103 and the clock module 111; the data processing module 105 is respectively connected with the data acquisition module 104 and the LED indicator light module 110; the intelligent guidance module 108 is connected with an LED indicator light module 110, an alarm module 109, an EEPROM module 107 and a clock module 111; the alarm module 109 is connected to the LED indicator module 110.

The function of each module is as follows: the fire monitoring module 101 mainly comprises an alarm controller, a temperature and smoke compound sensor, a smoke sensor and other devices, wherein the smoke sensor is arranged in a subway carriage, the temperature and smoke compound sensor is arranged in a carriage equipment cabinet, a low-voltage cabinet and a relay cabinet, and the working state and detection signals of the sensors can be visually observed through the system fire alarm module. The carriage dynamic monitoring module 103 mainly comprises a micro camera, when the temperature and smoke sensor detects a fire and gives an alarm, a driver can transfer corresponding carriage video through the system, find an alarm source and quickly respond, and when the alarm source cannot be found after a certain time, the system automatically forces the train to brake and stop. The control module 106 and the intelligent guidance module 108 are core modules of the device; the EEPROM module 107 is used to configure the register settings in the switch chip; the data acquisition module 104 is used for acquiring data such as train speed, bearing vibration, dynamic state in a carriage and the like; the data processing module 105 classifies, analyzes and processes the acquired data and transmits the result to the control module 106 and the intelligent guidance module 108; the control module 106 and the intelligent guidance module 108 supplement each other, and adopt an operation mode of taking intelligent operation as a main mode and manually identifying as an auxiliary mode, and correspondingly control the train operation according to a data processing result; the clock module 111 is used for controlling the frequency of data acquisition; the LED indicator module 110 is used to implement the indication function of different module states; alarm module 109 realizes the alarming function, and when detecting smog, high temperature or bearing trouble, LED display lamp and bee calling organ can be used.

The control module 106 and the intelligent guidance module 108 adopt a Siemens S7-200 type PLC as a core control circuit, a Siemens S7-200 type central processing unit adopts a CPU226, and the specific models are as follows: 6ES7216-2BD23-0XB0, coordinate and control the work of each module connected with the same. The LED indicator module 110 includes 50 LED display lamps and 3 lcd panels for indicating the status of the sensor, the status of the control buttons, and the monitoring images of the car. The EEPROM module 107 is composed of an AT24C02 chip of ATMEL corporation and well-known peripheral circuits for configuration control of on-chip register settings. The clock module 111 is composed of a 25MHZ crystal oscillator and well-known peripheral circuits for providing a basic clock signal. The bearing vibration monitoring module 102 is composed of a double-channel Hall rotation speed sensor, an Entran vibration sensor and a peripheral circuit thereof. The fire monitoring module 101 is composed of a vehicle-mounted temperature sensor, a temperature smoke sensor and a peripheral circuit thereof. The carriage dynamic monitoring module 103 is composed of a vehicle-mounted micro camera and a peripheral circuit thereof.

Claims (9)

1. The combined device for smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis of the subway train is characterized by comprising a control system, and a fire monitoring module (101), a bearing vibration monitoring module (102), a carriage state monitoring module (103), an LED indicator light module (110) and an alarm module (119) which are respectively connected with the control system, wherein the control system is also connected with a train operation intelligent guide module (108), and the train operation intelligent guide module (108) is a system which is arranged on a train (112) and is used for controlling train operation;

the fire monitoring module (101) is used for detecting a temperature or smoke value and sending the temperature or smoke value to the control system;

the bearing vibration monitoring module (102) is used for detecting bearing vibration data and sending the bearing vibration data to the control system;

the carriage state monitoring module (103) is a monitoring camera and is used for monitoring dynamic images in the carriage;

the control system comprises a controller, an EEPROM module (107) and a clock module (111); the controller comprises a controller chip and the following program modules: the device comprises a data acquisition module (104), a data processing module (105) and a control module (106); the data acquisition module (104) is used for acquiring train speed and displacement data and temperature or smoke data in a carriage; the data processing module (105) classifies, analyzes and processes the acquired data, acquires temperature smoke detection data and bearing amplitude data and transmits the temperature smoke detection data and the bearing amplitude data to the control module (106); the control module (106) outputs a temperature smoke instruction or a bearing operation instruction to the intelligent guidance module (108) so as to control the stable operation of the train;

the LED indicator light module (110) is used for indicating the working states of the control system, the fire monitoring module (101), the bearing vibration monitoring module (102) and the carriage state monitoring module (103);

and the alarm module (119) is used for giving an alarm by an LED display lamp and a buzzer when smoke, overhigh temperature or bearing faults are detected.

2. The combined subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fire monitoring module (101) comprises at least one of temperature-sensing, smoke-sensing and temperature-smoke composite sensors for fire monitoring in train carriage or matching electric control cabinet; a smoke sensor is arranged in a subway carriage, and a temperature and smoke composite sensor is arranged in a carriage equipment cabinet, a low-voltage cabinet and a relay cabinet.

3. The combined subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bearing vibration monitoring module (102) comprises displacement sensor and speed sensor arranged at train bearing for real-time monitoring of train bearing vibration.

4. The combination subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said data processing module (105) is bearing amplitude data calculated from train speed and displacement data over a period of time.

5. A combined subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said control module (106) comprises the following sub-program modules: the system comprises a main control unit (201), an alarm judgment module (202), a fault diagnosis module (203), an auxiliary module (204) and an interruption correlation module (205); the alarm judging module (202) is stored with working thresholds of temperature or smoke data and bearing amplitude data and is used for judging whether the working thresholds exceed the limit; the fault diagnosis module (203) is used for drawing a fault waveform in real time according to the amplitude data of the bearing and comparing the fault waveform with a fault waveform database so as to judge the fault type of the bearing and output a bearing operation instruction; the main control unit (201) coordinates the work of each subprogram module.

6. The combined subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis device as claimed in claim 5, wherein said fault waveforms in said fault waveform database are collected in advance, the fault types include inner ring fault, outer ring fault, fatigue wear, over-high temperature, crack, fracture and vibration noise increase, and the fault types are classified into high and low levels according to the respective types according to set threshold values.

7. The combined subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis device as claimed in claim 6, wherein when the respective fault type is of lower grade, said bearing operation command is that the train continues to travel to the next station or maintenance site and monitors the fault state in real time during the travel; and when the respective fault types are of high grades, the bearing operation instruction is that the train is braked and stopped and waits for maintenance on site.

8. A combined subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that said interruption correlation module (205) comprises an asynchronous serial communication module (206), a 1ms timing module (207), an A/D sampling module (208); the A/D sampling module (208) is connected with the data acquisition module (104) and is used for carrying out A/D conversion on the acquired data; the asynchronous serial communication module (206) is connected with the train operation intelligent guidance module (108) for communicating with the train operation intelligent guidance module; the 1ms timing module (207) is connected with the clock module (111) and used for setting the sampling frequency.

9. The combination subway train smoke alarm and bearing fault diagnosis device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said EEPROM module is used to configure the switch on-chip register settings.

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