CN112895900B - Hydrogen energy tramcar hydrogen redundancy monitoring protection device and method - Google Patents
Hydrogen energy tramcar hydrogen redundancy monitoring protection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112895900B CN112895900B CN202110024061.1A CN202110024061A CN112895900B CN 112895900 B CN112895900 B CN 112895900B CN 202110024061 A CN202110024061 A CN 202110024061A CN 112895900 B CN112895900 B CN 112895900B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0053—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention provides a hydrogen energy tramcar hydrogen redundancy monitoring protection device and method. The device comprises: the hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at a monitoring position of the hydrogen storage system; the method comprises the steps that a first communication monitoring system collects monitoring signals of a hydrogen concentration sensor and obtains monitoring signals of a second communication monitoring system, if hydrogen leakage at a monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signals, a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signals is determined, and fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade is executed; and the second communication monitoring system collects the monitoring signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor and sends the monitoring signal to the first communication monitoring system, if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, the fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal is determined, and the fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade is executed. Through at least two sets of redundant monitoring devices, the hydrogen state monitoring and the protection and alarm operation are monitored in real time, the use safety of the hydrogen energy source is improved, and accidents are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy power of rail transit, in particular to a hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting device and method for a hydrogen energy tramcar.
Background
With the global petrochemical crisis and the green and sustainable development technical direction concept of rail transit, hydrogen energy is becoming a new development trend as a vehicle power system, hydrogen and air are adopted to react to generate electric energy as vehicle running power, a traction-free power supply system is adopted, a high-voltage electric loop is not required to be erected beside a running route, the construction cost and the construction period are reduced, and the energy-saving and emission-reducing effects are good.
However, the current hydrogen energy locomotive has the defects of inaccurate hydrogen leakage measurement and incapability of monitoring when the vehicle is static.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a hydrogen energy tramcar hydrogen redundancy monitoring protection device and a method.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen energy tramcar hydrogen redundancy monitoring protection device, which comprises:
the hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at a monitoring position of the hydrogen storage system and used for acquiring a monitoring signal of the monitoring position;
the first communication monitoring system is connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor and used for acquiring a monitoring signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor and acquiring a monitoring signal of the second communication monitoring system, if hydrogen leakage occurs at a monitoring position according to the monitoring signal, a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal is determined, and fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade is executed;
and the second communication monitoring system is connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor and used for acquiring monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor and sending the monitoring signals to the first communication monitoring system, if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signals, the fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signals is determined, and the fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade is executed.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the monitoring position includes at least one of a bottle-mouth valve, a pressure reducing valve, a solenoid valve, and a bleed hole.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the first communication monitoring system includes:
the energy management unit is connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor, and is used for acquiring monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor and communicating with the second communication monitoring system through a CAN link so as to acquire the monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor acquired by the second communication monitoring system; if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal, and executing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade; wherein the fault response operation comprises sending fault information to a display device;
and the display device is arranged in the cab, is communicated with the energy management unit through a Multifunctional Vehicle Bus (MVB) and is used for displaying the fault information.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the energy management unit includes: the system comprises a first MCU processing module, an MVB communication module, a first CAN communication module and a first DO output module;
the first MCU processing module is respectively connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor, the MVB communication module, the first CAN communication module and the first DO output module, and is used for acquiring a monitoring signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor, acquiring the monitoring signal acquired by the second communication monitoring system through the first CAN communication module, and sending fault information to a display device through the MVB communication module; if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal, and executing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade;
wherein the fault responsive operation further comprises controlling shutdown of the hydrogen storage system and/or shutdown of the hydrogen fuel cell via the first DO output module.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the second communication monitoring system includes:
the hydrogen monitoring unit is connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor, acquires a monitoring signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor, sends the monitoring signal to the first communication monitoring system, and determines a fault level corresponding to the monitoring signal if a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at a monitoring position according to the monitoring signal;
the alarm unit is in Lora wireless communication with the hydrogen monitoring unit and executes fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade according to the fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal; the fault response operation comprises generating an instruction for controlling the acousto-optic alarm device to execute acousto-optic alarm operation corresponding to the fault grade;
and the sound-light alarm device is connected with the alarm unit and performs sound-light alarm according to the instruction.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the hydrogen monitoring unit includes: the second MCU processing module, the first Lora wireless communication module and the second CAN communication module;
the second MCU processing module is respectively connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor, the first Lora wireless communication module and the second CAN communication module, and is used for acquiring monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor and transmitting the monitoring signals to the first communication monitoring system through the second CAN communication module; and if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal, and executing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade.
According to the embodiment of the invention, preferably, the device further comprises an alarm shielding switch;
and the alarm shielding switch is closed, so that the sound-light alarm device can give out sound-light alarm according to the instruction.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the alarm unit includes: the third MCU processing module, the second Lora wireless communication module, the first DI input module and the second DO output module;
the third MCU processing module is respectively connected with the second MCU processing module, the second Lora wireless communication module, the first DI input module and the second DO output module and used for acquiring the state of the alarm shielding switch through the first DI input module, when the alarm shielding switch is in a closed state, the fault grade determined by the hydrogen monitoring unit is acquired through the second Lora wireless communication module, an instruction for controlling the acousto-optic alarm device to execute acousto-optic alarm operation corresponding to the fault grade is generated, and the acousto-optic alarm device is sent through the second DO output module.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting method for a hydrogen energy tramcar, which is characterized in that the method is implemented based on the hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting device for the hydrogen energy tramcar, and the method comprises the following steps:
the hydrogen concentration sensor acquires a monitoring signal of a monitoring position of the hydrogen storage system in real time;
the method comprises the steps that a first communication monitoring system and a second communication monitoring system collect monitoring signals of a hydrogen concentration sensor;
a first communication monitoring system acquires a monitoring signal of a second communication monitoring system;
in the first communication monitoring system and/or the second communication monitoring system, whether a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at a monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal;
and if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal, and executing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the determining whether the hydrogen leakage fault occurs at the monitoring location according to the monitoring signal includes:
converting the monitoring signal into a hydrogen concentration percentage;
and if the hydrogen concentration percentage exceeds a preset value, determining that a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at the monitoring position.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the determining the fault level corresponding to the monitoring signal includes:
if the hydrogen concentration percentage is between 0.4% and 1% and the preset duration lasts, determining that the fault level is a first level:
if the hydrogen concentration percentage is between 1% and 2%, determining that the fault level is a second level;
and if the hydrogen concentration percentage reaches more than 2%, determining that the fault level is a third level.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the first communication monitoring system, the correspondence relationship between the failure level and the failure response operation includes:
the fault response operation corresponding to the first grade is to send first fault information;
the fault response operation corresponding to the second level is to cut off the hydrogen fuel cell and send second fault information;
and the fault response operation corresponding to the third level is to close a bottle opening valve and an electromagnetic valve of the hydrogen storage system, cut off the hydrogen fuel cell and send third fault information.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the second communication monitoring system, the correspondence relationship between the fault level and the fault response operation includes:
the fault response operation corresponding to the first grade is to execute a first sound-light alarm mode;
the fault response operation corresponding to the second level is to execute a second acousto-optic alarm mode;
and the fault response operation corresponding to the third level is to execute a third sound-light alarm mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the hydrogen leakage monitoring system aims at solving the problems that the hydrogen leakage measurement of the existing hydrogen energy locomotive is inaccurate and the vehicle cannot be monitored when being static, provides a set of hydrogen monitoring protection scheme with real time, high reliability and high accuracy, ensures the hydrogen safety for the vehicle and the safety of passengers, and promotes the wide application of the hydrogen fuel technology in rail transit vehicles. Through at least two sets of redundant monitoring devices, the hydrogen state monitoring and the protection and alarm operation are monitored in real time, the use safety of the hydrogen energy source is improved, and accidents are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen energy redundancy monitoring and protecting device of a tramcar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting device of a hydrogen energy tramcar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring location provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an energy management unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an alarm mechanism of an energy management unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen monitoring unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an alarm unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an alarm mechanism of a hydrogen monitoring unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting method for a hydrogen energy tramcar according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Due to hydrogen, colorless and odorless, leakage cannot be found by olfaction. The ignition point of the hydrogen is only 585 ℃, the content of the hydrogen in the air is within the range of 4-75%, and the hydrogen can explode when meeting open fire, so that the content of the hydrogen in the environment must be detected and the leakage of the hydrogen must be monitored and protected during the use of the hydrogen so as to avoid accidents. The rail vehicle has high requirements on hydrogen storage capacity due to large power and long endurance, and the consequences are very serious once leakage occurs, so that high-reliability monitoring and protection are required.
In the related art, when the hydrogen reactor is not started, the total mass of hydrogen mtotal is obtained; when the hydrogen reactor is started, hydrogen is transmitted to the hydrogen reactor through a pipeline, an electrochemical reaction is started, the quality M of water generated by the electrochemical reaction is monitored, and the quality M of the residual hydrogen is monitored; real-time monitoring: the method comprises the following steps of calculating the hydrogen consumption amount according to the hydrogen storage amount before reactor reaction and the weight of generated water, calculating whether the hydrogen is leaked, wherein the hydrogen cannot be monitored in the electroless chemical reaction of a vehicle, and the weight monitoring of the generated water is easy to be inaccurate.
In the related technology, a dedicated hydrogen management system of fuel cell car, including a plurality of hydrogen bottle, install the cylinder valve on the hydrogen bottle, main hydrogen valve, vehicle control unit, hydrogen management system controller, be equipped with temperature sensor and pressure sensor on the cylinder valve, be connected through the pipeline between cylinder valve and main hydrogen valve and the fuel cell system, be equipped with pipeline pressure sensor on the pipeline between this cylinder valve and the main hydrogen valve, be equipped with the relief pressure valve on the pipeline between this cylinder valve and this pipeline pressure sensor, still include hydrogen and reveal the sensor, this hydrogen reveals the sensor and is used for detecting and takes place hydrogen to reveal the position that hydrogen reveals easily and whether appear hydrogen and reveal. The scheme is a small hydrogen management system special for automobiles, is greatly inconsistent with the application scheme of rail transit vehicles, and does not perform grading treatment and redundancy monitoring functions on hydrogen leakage.
The hydrogen leakage is a very serious fault in a hydrogen power system, a plurality of hydrogen leakage monitoring points are reasonably selected and arranged according to the characteristics of a hydrogen storage system in a high-power hydrogen power system of the tramcar with the hydrogen energy, and the hydrogen state is monitored in real time and protection and alarm operations are carried out through at least two sets of redundant monitoring devices, so that the use safety of the hydrogen energy is improved, and accidents are avoided.
Example one
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a hydrogen redundant monitoring protection device for a hydrogen energy tramcar, fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a hydrogen redundant monitoring protection device for a hydrogen energy tramcar, and as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a hydrogen redundant monitoring protection device for a hydrogen energy tramcar, which includes:
the hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at a monitoring position of the hydrogen storage system and used for acquiring a monitoring signal of the monitoring position;
the first communication monitoring system is connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor and used for acquiring monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor and acquiring monitoring signals of the second communication monitoring system, if hydrogen leakage occurs at a monitoring position according to the monitoring signals, a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signals is determined, and fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade is executed;
and the second communication monitoring system is connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor and used for acquiring monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor and sending the monitoring signals to the first communication monitoring system, if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signals, the fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signals is determined, and the fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade is executed.
Wherein, the hydrogen concentration sensor is at least one. In practical applications, the number of hydrogen concentration sensors is determined according to the monitored locations of the hydrogen storage system, and one hydrogen concentration sensor is installed at each monitored location. The first communication monitoring system and the second communication monitoring system are at least one set.
In a preferred embodiment, the monitoring location includes at least one of a bottleneck valve, a pressure reducing valve, a solenoid valve, and a bleed hole of the hydrogen storage system.
The hydrogen energy tramcar composed of 2 head cars (trailers) and 1 middle car (power car) is taken as an example, the vehicle power supply refers to direct-current voltage power supply, the vehicle supplies power for an alarm unit, an energy management unit, a hydrogen monitoring unit and a cab display screen, the vehicle has 6 140L hydrogen storage systems, and 11 high-precision hydrogen concentration sensors are installed at positions where leakage easily occurs in the hydrogen storage systems such as a bottleneck valve, a pressure reducing valve, an electromagnetic valve and a discharge hole, so that the overall hydrogen leakage monitoring effect is ensured, and meanwhile, the complexity of device arrangement is reduced. For the hydrogen energy tramcar, the monitoring positions are shown in figure 3, wherein 1, 2, 6-7, 9 and 11 are bottle mouth valves of hydrogen storage bottles, 3 and 4 are pressure reducing valves, 5 is an electromagnetic valve, and 8 and 10 are discharge holes.
The hydrogen redundant monitoring and protecting device for the hydrogen energy tramcar comprises at least two communication monitoring systems and a leakage point monitoring and arranging scheme of a large-capacity hydrogen storage system, wherein the two systems simultaneously acquire hydrogen concentration sensor signals, analyze and process the signals, perform safety alarm and protection, form a redundant framework, and can effectively improve the safety of the system.
Specifically, the two sets of communication monitoring systems may be one set of hard-wire communication monitoring system and one set of wireless communication monitoring system, may also be two sets of hard-wire communication monitoring systems, and may also be two sets of wireless communication monitoring systems, which are not limited herein.
As a preferred embodiment, the first communication monitoring system is a hard-wired communication monitoring system, and the first communication monitoring system includes:
the energy management unit is connected with each hydrogen concentration sensor and used for acquiring monitoring signals of each hydrogen concentration sensor and communicating with the second communication monitoring system through the CAN link so as to acquire the monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensors acquired by the second communication monitoring system; if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal, and executing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade; wherein the fault response operation includes sending fault information to the display device.
It should be noted that, in practical applications, a fault of one of the first communication monitoring system and the second communication monitoring system or other special situations that cannot be accurately monitored may exist, so that, in monitoring signals acquired by the first communication monitoring system and the second communication monitoring system, a hydrogen leakage fault is determined as long as a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at least one monitoring position, and if a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at a plurality of monitoring positions at the same time, a maximum hydrogen concentration (percentage) value corresponding to each monitoring signal may be used as a basis for determining a fault level, so as to avoid a serious consequence caused by underestimation of the fault level. Since hydrogen leakage is a serious safety problem, the most reliable processing mechanism of this embodiment is adopted, that is, the monitoring data of 11 monitoring positions acquired by each of the two sets of communication monitoring systems are subjected to an or relationship, and if leakage occurs at one position, the processing modes are classified into different levels according to the severity.
The first communication monitoring system further includes:
and the display device is arranged in the cab, is communicated with the energy management unit through the multifunctional vehicle bus MVB and is used for displaying fault information.
The display device arranged in the cab comprises the cab display screen, the hydrogen energy tramcar composed of 2 head cars (trailers) +1 middle car (power car) is still taken as an example, and the cab is arranged in 2 head cars of the car, so that two cab display screens are required to be arranged, a driver of each head car can obtain fault information in time, once a hydrogen leakage fault occurs, the cab display screens can display the fault information in time in a screen-flipping manner to prompt the driver to take safety measures and evacuate passengers, and meanwhile, corresponding fault response operation is directly executed on the hydrogen storage system, for example, all bottleneck valves and electromagnetic valves of the hydrogen storage system are closed, so that a leakage source is cut off.
As shown in fig. 4, the energy management unit includes: the first MCU processing module is respectively connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor, the MVB communication module, the first CAN communication module and the first DO output module.
The first MCU processing module is used for acquiring monitoring signals of all the hydrogen concentration sensors, acquiring the monitoring signals acquired by the second communication monitoring system through the first CAN communication module and sending fault information to the display device through the MVB communication module; and if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal, and executing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade.
Wherein the fault responsive operation further comprises controlling the closing of the hydrogen storage system and/or the closing of the hydrogen fuel cell via the first DO output module, such as by actuating a solenoid valve, a port valve, of the hydrogen storage system to close.
For the first communication monitoring system and the second communication monitoring system, the fault response operations corresponding to different fault levels may be different, and when the first communication monitoring system is a hard-wired communication monitoring system and the second communication monitoring system is a wireless communication monitoring system, taking an alarm mechanism of the energy management unit shown in fig. 5 as an example, the following description is given to determine whether a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at a monitored position according to a monitoring signal, determine a fault level corresponding to the monitoring signal, and execute a fault response operation corresponding to the fault level:
the first MCU processing module collects monitoring signals of all hydrogen concentration sensors, then judges hydrogen leakage faults by combining the monitoring signals of all the hydrogen concentration sensors collected by the hydrogen monitoring unit, and determines a monitoring position to generate the hydrogen leakage faults if the hydrogen concentration percentage exceeds a preset value. Wherein the preset value may be 0.4%.
If the hydrogen concentration percentage is between 0.4% and 1% and the preset time duration (for example, 5s) lasts, determining that the fault level is a first level, namely: a slight fault, the fault response operation at this time is: sending the first failure information, for example, the first failure information may be an instruction to stop the vehicle as soon as possible.
If the hydrogen concentration percentage is between 1% and 2%, determining that the fault level is a second level, namely: medium level faults, where the fault response operation is: the hydrogen fuel cell is cut off, and second fault information is sent, for example, the second fault information can be a monitoring position prompting instruction corresponding to the fault.
If the hydrogen concentration percentage reaches more than 2%, determining that the fault level is a third level, namely: a catastrophic failure, the failure response operation at this time is: and closing a bottleneck valve and an electromagnetic valve of the hydrogen storage system, cutting off the hydrogen fuel cell, and sending third fault information, wherein the third fault information can be a monitoring position prompt instruction corresponding to a fault.
Preferably, the energy management unit may further include a first power module and a first signal collecting/filtering module, where the first power module supplies power to each module inside the energy management unit, and the first signal collecting/filtering module collects and filters a PWM signal output by the hydrogen concentration sensor, so as to avoid false alarm due to interference.
In addition, the first MCU processing module adopts a calculation formula to convert the PWM duty ratio of the monitoring signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor into the hydrogen concentration, and the calculation formula is as follows: hydrogen concentration 500 × (PWM duty-10); and then the hydrogen concentration is converted into the hydrogen concentration percentage according to the preset proportion so as to be used for subsequently judging whether the hydrogen leakage fault and the fault grade occur.
As a preferred embodiment, the second communication monitoring system is a wireless communication monitoring system, and the second communication monitoring system includes:
the hydrogen monitoring unit is connected with each hydrogen concentration sensor, acquires monitoring signals of each hydrogen concentration sensor, sends the monitoring signals to the first communication monitoring system, and determines the fault level corresponding to the monitoring signals if the monitoring position is determined to have a hydrogen leakage fault according to the monitoring signals;
the alarm unit is in Lora wireless communication with the hydrogen monitoring unit and executes fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade according to the fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal; the fault response operation comprises generating an instruction for controlling the acousto-optic alarm device to execute acousto-optic alarm operation corresponding to the fault grade; and
and the sound and light alarm device is connected with the alarm unit and carries out sound and light alarm according to the instruction.
As shown in fig. 6, the hydrogen monitoring unit further includes: the second MCU processing module, the first Lora wireless communication module and the second CAN communication module; and the second MCU processing module is respectively connected with each hydrogen concentration sensor, the first Lora wireless communication module and the second CAN communication module.
The second MCU processing module is used for collecting monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensors and sending the monitoring signals to the first communication monitoring system through the second CAN communication module. And if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal, and executing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade.
Preferably, the hydrogen monitoring unit may further include a second power module and a second signal collecting/filtering module, wherein the second power module supplies power to each module in the hydrogen monitoring unit, and the second signal collecting/filtering module collects and filters the PWM signal output by the hydrogen concentration sensor, so as to avoid false alarm due to interference.
In addition, the second MCU processing module adopts a calculation formula to convert the PWM duty ratio of the monitoring signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor into the hydrogen concentration, and the calculation formula is as follows: hydrogen concentration 500 × (PWM duty-10); and then the hydrogen concentration is converted into the hydrogen concentration percentage according to the preset proportion so as to be used for subsequently judging whether the hydrogen leakage fault and the fault grade occur. Meanwhile, the second MCU processing module sends the monitoring signal to the energy management unit through the CAN link and is redundant with monitoring data collected by the energy management unit, the problem that normal collection cannot be achieved due to faults of the energy management unit is avoided, and the result is sent to the alarm unit in real time through the first Lora wireless communication module.
The first Lora wireless communication module adopts a Lora wireless technology, Lora is an ultra-long distance wireless communication technology, communication terminals can be interconnected and intercommunicated, meanwhile, technologies such as end-to-end AES128 encryption and mutual authentication are adopted, integrity protection and confidentiality are realized, network communication safety and communication quality are ensured, the technology has the advantages of being many in connection, long in distance, high in safety, low in cost, low in power consumption and the like, multi-node networking is facilitated, the geographical location function is achieved, and the method is a mainstream technology selection of a global Internet of things (IoT) network. Interconnection and real-time supervision vehicle movement track between each subsystem of rail vehicle can swiftly be built through the Lora technique, promote vehicle intellectuality vigorously and simplify vehicle construction wiring.
Preferably, the hydrogen monitoring unit further comprises an alarm shielding switch, when the alarm shielding switch is turned off, the sound and light alarm device can give a sound and light alarm according to the instruction, and when the alarm shielding switch is turned on, the sound and light alarm device cannot give a sound and light alarm according to the instruction. That is to say, when warning shield switch closed, audible and visual alarm could work, when warning shield switch opened, audible and visual alarm could't work, and warning shield switch acquiescence condition is closed, when hydrogen reveals the trouble, audible and visual alarm has reminded the driver to carry out the safety operation after, can open warning shield switch, when avoiding hydrogen to reveal the trouble and not eliminate, audible and visual alarm was in alarm state always.
As shown in fig. 7, the alarm unit further includes: the third MCU processing module, the second Lora wireless communication module, the first DI input module and the second DO output module; and the third MCU processing module is respectively connected with the second MCU processing module, the second Lora wireless communication module, the first DI input module and the second DO output module.
The third MCU processing module is used for acquiring the state of the alarm shielding switch through the first DI input module, acquiring the fault level determined by the hydrogen monitoring unit through the second Lora wireless communication module when the alarm shielding switch is in the closed state, generating an instruction for controlling the acousto-optic alarm device to execute acousto-optic alarm operation corresponding to the fault level, and sending the instruction to the acousto-optic alarm device through the second DO output module. And the third MCU controls the second DO output module according to the signal and the monitoring data of the first DI input module, and controls the audible and visual alarm device to perform easily-perceived alarm operation if a hydrogen leakage fault occurs so as to remind a driver of performing related safe operation.
The sound and light alarm device can comprise a warning lamp and an alarm.
Taking the alarm mechanism of the alarm unit shown in fig. 8 as an example, determining whether a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at a monitored location according to a monitoring signal, determining a fault level corresponding to the monitoring signal, and performing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault level will be described as follows:
and the third MCU processing module judges the hydrogen leakage fault according to the monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensors, and if the hydrogen concentration percentage exceeds a preset value, the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined. Wherein the preset value may be 0.4%.
If the hydrogen concentration percentage is between 0.4% and 1% and the preset time duration (for example, 5s) lasts, determining that the fault level is a first level, namely: a slight fault, the fault response operation at this time is: and executing a first audible and visual alarm mode, wherein the first audible and visual alarm mode can be that an alarm indicator lamp flickers and a sound alarm sounds for a short time to remind a driver of safe operation.
If the hydrogen concentration percentage is between 1% and 2%, determining that the fault level is a second level, namely: and (3) a medium-level fault, wherein the fault response operation at the moment is as follows: and executing a second audible and visual alarm mode, wherein for example, the second audible and visual alarm mode can be that an alarm indicator lamp is turned on for a long time, and an audible alarm is sounded for a short time to remind a driver of carrying out safety operation.
If the hydrogen concentration percentage reaches more than 2%, determining that the fault level is a third level, namely: a catastrophic failure, the failure response operation at this time is: the third audible and visual alarm mode, for example, may be that the alarm indicator lights are on and the audible alarm sounds for reminding the driver of safe operation.
It can be understood that the alarm shielding switch is in an open state and the alarm is not performed under other conditions.
Preferably, the alarm unit may further include a third power module and a third signal collection/filtering module, wherein the third power module supplies power to each module in the alarm unit, and the second signal collection/filtering module collects and filters a signal sent by the third MCU processing module, so as to avoid false alarm due to interference.
The alarm unit can further comprise a third power module and a third signal acquisition/filtering module, wherein the third power module supplies power to all modules in the alarm unit, and the third signal acquisition/filtering module acquires and filters PWM signals output by the hydrogen concentration sensor, so that false alarm caused by interference is avoided.
Example two
The embodiment provides a hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting method for a hydrogen energy tramcar, which is implemented based on the hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting device for the tramcar in the first embodiment, and as shown in fig. 9, the method includes the following steps:
step S910, the hydrogen concentration sensor obtains a monitoring signal of the monitoring position of the hydrogen storage system in real time.
And step S920, the first communication monitoring system and the second communication monitoring system collect monitoring signals of all the hydrogen concentration sensors.
Step S930, the first communication monitoring system acquires a monitoring signal of the second communication monitoring system.
And S940, determining whether the hydrogen leakage fault occurs at the monitoring position according to the monitoring signal in the first communication monitoring system and/or the second communication monitoring system.
And step S950, if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, determining a fault level corresponding to the monitoring signal, and executing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault level.
Specifically, the step S950 of determining whether a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at the monitoring location according to the monitoring signal may include:
step S950-1, converting the monitoring signal into a hydrogen concentration percentage.
The PWM duty ratio of the monitoring signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor is converted into the hydrogen concentration by adopting the following calculation formula:
hydrogen concentration is 500 × (PWM duty-10).
And S950-2, if the hydrogen concentration percentage exceeds a preset value, determining that the hydrogen leakage fault occurs at the monitoring position.
Wherein the preset value may be 0.4%.
That is, when the hydrogen concentration percentage exceeds 0.4%, it is determined that the hydrogen leakage failure occurs at the monitoring position, otherwise, it is determined that the hydrogen leakage failure does not occur at the monitoring position.
In practical application, the fault level may be preset according to conditions such as a range in which the hydrogen concentration percentage is located, and in the monitoring process, when the hydrogen concentration percentage meets the set conditions, determining the current fault level, for example, determining the fault level corresponding to the monitoring signal, may include:
(1) if the hydrogen concentration percentage is between 0.4% and 1% and the preset duration lasts, determining that the fault level is a first level, namely: a slight malfunction.
(2) If the hydrogen concentration percentage is between 1% and 2%, determining that the fault level is a second level, namely: and (4) medium-level fault.
(3) If the hydrogen concentration percentage reaches more than 2%, determining that the fault level is a third level, namely: a serious failure.
For the first communication monitoring system and the second communication monitoring system, the fault response operations corresponding to different fault levels may be different, and when the first communication monitoring system is a hard-wired communication monitoring system, the corresponding relationship between the fault level and the fault response operation includes:
the fault response operation corresponding to the first level is to send first fault information, for example, the first fault information may be a stop-as-soon-as-possible instruction.
The fault response of the second level is operated to cut off the hydrogen fuel cell and send second fault information, for example, the second fault information may be a monitoring position prompt instruction corresponding to the fault.
The fault response operation corresponding to the third level is to close a bottle mouth valve and an electromagnetic valve of the hydrogen storage system, cut off the hydrogen fuel cell, and send third fault information, for example, the third fault information may be a monitoring position prompt instruction corresponding to the fault.
When the second communication monitoring system is a wireless communication monitoring system, the corresponding relationship between the fault level and the fault response operation may include:
the fault response operation corresponding to the first level is to execute a first audible and visual alarm mode, for example, the first audible and visual alarm mode may be that an alarm indicator lamp flickers, and an audible alarm sounds for a short time to remind a driver of safety operation;
the fault response operation corresponding to the second level is to execute a second acousto-optic alarm mode, for example, the second acousto-optic alarm mode can be that an alarm indicator lamp is turned on for a long time, and an audible alarm is sounded for a short time to remind a driver of carrying out safety operation;
the fault response operation corresponding to the third level is to execute a third audible and visual alarm mode, for example, the third audible and visual alarm mode may be that an alarm indicator lamp is turned on for a long time, and an audible alarm is sounded for a long time to remind a driver of performing safety operation.
It can be understood that the alarm shielding switch is in an open state and the alarm is not performed under other conditions.
By the redundancy monitoring and protecting device and the redundancy monitoring and protecting method, hydrogen leakage monitoring alarm and alarming can still be carried out when single-point or multi-point faults occur, and the specific analysis is as follows:
1) when the hydrogen monitoring unit fails or the alarm unit fails, monitoring, alarming and protecting are carried out through a redundant hard-wire communication monitoring system.
2) The energy management unit collects faults, the energy management unit acquires the collected information of the hydrogen monitoring unit through CAN communication to carry out monitoring protection, and at the moment, the hard-wire communication monitoring system and the wireless monitoring system carry out monitoring alarm protection simultaneously.
3) And the energy management unit or MVB communication fault is monitored, alarmed and protected through a redundant wireless communication monitoring system.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following advantages:
firstly, the redundant communication monitoring system is adopted to monitor and protect the hydrogen safety for the vehicle, so that the condition that the hydrogen safety cannot be monitored when the single-path device fails is avoided, and the running safety of the vehicle is improved.
And secondly, a hard-line MVB + Lora wireless dual-channel communication link is built, the consistency with a vehicle network architecture is kept, meanwhile, a multi-node wireless interconnection system is built, vehicle wiring construction is simplified, and alarm units can be conveniently arranged at any positions of the vehicle.
Thirdly, the hydrogen leakage monitoring arrangement scheme aiming at the large-capacity hydrogen storage system in the rail transit ensures the monitoring effect of the whole hydrogen leakage and reasonably simplifies the acquisition complexity of the system.
And thirdly, the high-precision hydrogen concentration sensor is adopted to monitor different monitoring positions in real time, the hydrogen leakage fault level is graded and filtered, the misinformation is avoided, grading fault processing is carried out according to the leakage severity, and the influence range of vehicle operation faults is reduced.
Finally, Lora wireless communication is adopted, and the method has the advantages of more connections, long distance, high safety, low cost, low power consumption and the like, is easy for multi-node networking and has a geographical position positioning function.
The invention can effectively improve the use safety of the hydrogen energy in the rail vehicle and has important significance for the application of the hydrogen energy in the rail vehicle.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system and method can be implemented in other ways. The system and method embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides a redundant monitoring protection device of hydrogen energy tram hydrogen which characterized in that includes:
the hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged at a monitoring position of the hydrogen storage system and used for acquiring a monitoring signal of the monitoring position;
the first communication monitoring system is connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor and used for acquiring monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor and acquiring monitoring signals of the second communication monitoring system, if hydrogen leakage at a monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signals acquired by the first communication monitoring system and/or the second communication monitoring system, a fault level corresponding to the monitoring signals is determined, and fault response operation corresponding to the fault level is executed;
and the second communication monitoring system is connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor and used for acquiring monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor and sending the monitoring signals to the first communication monitoring system, if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signals, the fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signals is determined, and the fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade is executed.
2. The hydrogen energy tram hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the monitoring position comprises at least one of a position of a bottle mouth valve of a hydrogen storage bottle, a position of a pressure reducing valve, a position of an electromagnetic valve and a position of a discharge hole.
3. The hydrogen energy tram hydrogen redundancy monitoring protection device of claim 1, wherein the first communication monitoring system comprises:
the energy management unit is connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor and used for acquiring monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor and communicating with the second communication monitoring system through a CAN link so as to acquire the monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor acquired by the second communication monitoring system; if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signals collected by the first communication monitoring system and/or the second communication monitoring system, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signals, and executing fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade; wherein the fault response operation comprises sending fault information to a display device;
and the display device is arranged in the cab, is communicated with the energy management unit through a Multifunctional Vehicle Bus (MVB) and is used for displaying the fault information.
4. The hydrogen energy tram hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting device according to claim 3, wherein the energy management unit comprises: the system comprises a first MCU processing module, an MVB communication module, a first CAN communication module and a first DO output module;
the first MCU processing module is respectively connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor, the MVB communication module, the first CAN communication module and the first DO output module, and is used for acquiring a monitoring signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor, acquiring the monitoring signal acquired by the second communication monitoring system through the first CAN communication module, and sending fault information to a display device through the MVB communication module; if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signals collected by the first communication monitoring system and/or the second communication monitoring system, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signals, and executing fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade;
wherein the fault responsive operation further comprises controlling shutdown of the hydrogen storage system and/or shutdown of the hydrogen fuel cell via the first DO output module.
5. The hydrogen energy tram hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting device according to claim 1, wherein the second communication monitoring system comprises:
the hydrogen monitoring unit is connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor, acquires a monitoring signal of the hydrogen concentration sensor, sends the monitoring signal to the first communication monitoring system, and determines a fault level corresponding to the monitoring signal if a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at a monitoring position according to the monitoring signal;
the alarm unit is in Lora wireless communication with the hydrogen monitoring unit and executes fault response operation corresponding to the fault level according to the fault level corresponding to the monitoring signal; the fault response operation comprises generating an instruction for controlling the acousto-optic alarm device to execute acousto-optic alarm operation corresponding to the fault grade;
and the sound-light alarm device is connected with the alarm unit and performs sound-light alarm according to the instruction.
6. The hydrogen energy source tramcar hydrogen redundancy monitoring protection device of claim 5, wherein the hydrogen monitoring unit comprises: the second MCU processing module, the first Lora wireless communication module and the second CAN communication module;
the second MCU processing module is respectively connected with the hydrogen concentration sensor, the first Lora wireless communication module and the second CAN communication module, and is used for acquiring monitoring signals of the hydrogen concentration sensor and sending the monitoring signals to the first communication monitoring system through the second CAN communication module; and if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal, and executing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade.
7. The hydrogen energy tram hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting device according to claim 6, further comprising an alarm shielding switch;
and the alarm shielding switch is closed, so that the sound-light alarm device can give out sound-light alarm according to the instruction.
8. The hydrogen energy source tramcar hydrogen redundancy monitoring protection device of claim 7, wherein the alarm unit comprises: the third MCU processing module, the second Lora wireless communication module, the first DI input module and the second DO output module;
the third MCU processing module is respectively connected with the second MCU processing module, the second Lora wireless communication module, the first DI input module and the second DO output module and used for acquiring the state of the alarm shielding switch through the first DI input module, when the alarm shielding switch is in a closed state, the fault grade determined by the hydrogen monitoring unit is acquired through the second Lora wireless communication module, an instruction for controlling the acousto-optic alarm device to execute acousto-optic alarm operation corresponding to the fault grade is generated, and the acousto-optic alarm device is sent through the second DO output module.
9. A hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting method for a hydrogen energy tramcar, which is implemented based on the hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting device for the hydrogen energy tramcar of any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps:
a hydrogen concentration sensor acquires monitoring signals of monitoring positions of the hydrogen storage system in real time;
the method comprises the steps that a first communication monitoring system and a second communication monitoring system collect monitoring signals of a hydrogen concentration sensor;
a first communication monitoring system acquires a monitoring signal of a second communication monitoring system;
in a first communication monitoring system, determining whether a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at a monitoring position according to monitoring signals acquired by the first communication monitoring system and/or a second communication monitoring system; or in the second communication monitoring system, determining whether a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at the monitoring position according to the monitoring signal acquired by the second communication monitoring system;
and if the hydrogen leakage fault at the monitoring position is determined according to the monitoring signal, determining a fault grade corresponding to the monitoring signal, and executing a fault response operation corresponding to the fault grade.
10. The hydrogen energy tram hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting method according to claim 9, wherein the determining whether a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at a monitoring position according to monitoring signals collected by the first communication monitoring system and/or the second communication monitoring system comprises:
converting the monitoring signal into a hydrogen concentration percentage;
and if the hydrogen concentration percentage exceeds a preset value, determining that a hydrogen leakage fault occurs at the monitoring position.
11. The hydrogen energy tram hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting method according to claim 10, wherein the determining the fault level corresponding to the monitoring signal comprises:
if the hydrogen concentration percentage is 0.4% -1% and the preset duration lasts, determining that the fault level is a first level:
if the hydrogen concentration percentage is 1% -2%, determining that the fault level is a second level;
and if the hydrogen concentration percentage reaches more than 2%, determining that the fault level is a third level.
12. The hydrogen energy-source tramcar hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protection method according to claim 11, wherein in the first communication monitoring system, the correspondence between the fault level and the fault response operation includes:
the fault response operation corresponding to the first grade is to send first fault information;
the fault response operation corresponding to the second level is to cut off the hydrogen fuel cell and send second fault information;
and the fault response operation corresponding to the third level is to close a bottle opening valve and an electromagnetic valve of the hydrogen storage system, cut off the hydrogen fuel cell and send third fault information.
13. The hydrogen energy tram hydrogen redundancy monitoring and protecting method according to claim 11, wherein in the second communication monitoring system, the correspondence between the fault level and the fault response operation includes:
the fault response operation corresponding to the first grade is used for executing a first sound-light alarm mode;
the fault response operation corresponding to the second level is to execute a second acousto-optic alarm mode;
and the fault response operation corresponding to the third level is to execute a third sound-light alarm mode.
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| CN114626059B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-06 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Pipeline leakage detection method, device and equipment of brake-by-wire system |
| CN115079607A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-20 | 烟台东德实业有限公司 | Active safety control system and method |
| CN116666691A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-08-29 | 北京科泰克科技有限责任公司 | Fuel cell vehicle-mounted hydrogen system and vehicle thereof |
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