CN114148172A - Safety protection processing method and system for fuel cell hydrogen system - Google Patents

Safety protection processing method and system for fuel cell hydrogen system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114148172A
CN114148172A CN202111395927.6A CN202111395927A CN114148172A CN 114148172 A CN114148172 A CN 114148172A CN 202111395927 A CN202111395927 A CN 202111395927A CN 114148172 A CN114148172 A CN 114148172A
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hydrogen
fuel cell
safety protection
controller
level
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Inventor
刘康
陈振国
王保龙
王丙虎
张振旺
王琳
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Zhongtong Bus Holding Co Ltd
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Zhongtong Bus Holding Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111395927.6A priority Critical patent/CN114148172A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0053Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a safety protection processing method of a fuel cell hydrogen system and polyps, characterized by comprising: collecting the temperature and pressure in the hydrogen bottle, and determining the safety protection level of hydrogen storage according to the current temperature and pressure in the hydrogen bottle; collecting the hydrogen concentration, and determining the safety protection level of hydrogen leakage according to the data of the current hydrogen concentration; the signal of the collision sensor is collected, whether the whole vehicle is powered on or not is determined according to the signal level of the collision sensor, and explosion and fire caused by hydrogen leakage are prevented through the design of the hydrogen storage safety strategy, the hydrogen leakage safety strategy and the collision and whole vehicle emergency safety strategy, so that the safe and normal operation of the hydrogen system of the fuel cell is ensured.

Description

Safety protection processing method and system for fuel cell hydrogen system
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of safety control of a fuel cell hydrogen system, and particularly relates to a safety protection processing method and system of the fuel cell hydrogen system.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Along with the development of the new energy passenger car industry, high-efficiency and environment-friendly hydrogen fuel cells are favored, and research projects of fuel cell passenger cars are more and more, so that the safety aspect of the fuel cells also needs to be paid extensive attention.
In addition, the hydrogen density is low, and the hydrogen is flammable and explosive, so that the safe and normal operation of the fuel cell hydrogen system cannot be ensured, and a safety protection strategy of a corresponding technical level is not adopted for the fuel cell hydrogen system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a safety protection processing method and a safety protection processing system for a fuel cell hydrogen system, and the safety protection processing method and the safety protection processing system are designed through three aspects of a hydrogen storage safety strategy, a hydrogen leakage safety strategy, a collision and whole vehicle emergency safety strategy, so that explosion and fire caused by hydrogen leakage are prevented, and the safe and normal operation of the fuel cell hydrogen system is ensured.
According to some embodiments, a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a safety protection processing method for a fuel cell hydrogen system, which adopts the following technical solutions:
a method of safety protection handling for a fuel cell hydrogen system, comprising:
collecting the temperature and pressure in the hydrogen bottle, and determining the safety protection level of hydrogen storage according to the current temperature and pressure in the hydrogen bottle;
collecting the hydrogen concentration, and determining the safety protection level of hydrogen leakage according to the data of the current hydrogen concentration;
and collecting a signal of the collision sensor, and determining whether to perform fuel-electric shutdown on the whole vehicle according to the signal level of the collision sensor.
According to some embodiments, a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a safety protection processing system for a fuel cell hydrogen system, which adopts the following technical solutions:
a safety protection handling system for a fuel cell hydrogen system, comprising:
the hydrogen storage safety protection module is configured to collect the temperature and the pressure in the hydrogen bottle and determine the hydrogen storage safety protection level according to the current temperature and the pressure in the hydrogen bottle;
the hydrogen leakage safety protection module is configured to collect hydrogen concentration and determine the safety protection level of hydrogen leakage according to the data of the current hydrogen concentration;
and the collision protection module is configured to collect signals of the collision sensor and determine whether to perform fuel-powered shutdown on the whole vehicle according to the signal level of the collision sensor.
According to some embodiments, a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps in a safety protection processing method for a fuel cell hydrogen system as described in the first aspect above.
According to some embodiments, a fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer device.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of a method of safety precautions handling for a fuel cell hydrogen system as described in the first aspect above when executing the program.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
the safety protection processing method of the fuel cell hydrogen system comprises the steps of considering hydrogen safety protection under various conditions from multiple dimensions, storing hydrogen in a safety strategy, designing the three aspects of collision and whole vehicle emergency safety strategy, preventing explosion and fire caused by hydrogen leakage, ensuring safe and normal operation of the fuel cell hydrogen system, providing safety guarantee for passengers, drivers and surrounding people, and simultaneously being beneficial to prolonging the service life of the hydrogen system, and reducing the safety difference between the fuel cell vehicle and a traditional vehicle. The overall safety performance of the fuel cell vehicle is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of hydrogen bottle temperature detection according to a first embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a pressure detection process of a hydrogen cylinder according to a first embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of hydrogen line pressure detection according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a hydrogen concentration leak detection according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the collision and overall vehicle emergency safety principle in the first embodiment of the disclosure.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 5, the present embodiment provides a safety protection processing method for a fuel cell hydrogen system, and the present embodiment is illustrated by applying the method to a server, it is understood that the method may also be applied to a terminal, and may also be applied to a system including a terminal and a server, and implemented by interaction between the terminal and the server. The server may be an independent physical server, a server cluster or a distributed system formed by a plurality of physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as a cloud service, a cloud database, cloud computing, a cloud function, cloud storage, a network server, cloud communication, middleware service, a domain name service, a security service CDN, a big data and artificial intelligence platform, and the like. The terminal may be, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, and the like. The terminal and the server may be directly or indirectly connected through wired or wireless communication, and the disclosure is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the method includes the steps of:
collecting the temperature and pressure in the hydrogen bottle, and determining the safety protection level of hydrogen storage according to the current temperature and pressure in the hydrogen bottle;
collecting the hydrogen concentration, and determining the safety protection level of hydrogen leakage according to the data of the current hydrogen concentration;
and collecting a signal of the collision sensor, and determining whether to perform fuel-electric shutdown on the whole vehicle according to the signal level of the collision sensor.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3, the hydrogen storage safety aspect includes monitoring the pressure of the hydrogen cylinder and the pressure of the hydrogen pipeline, monitoring the pressure on the pipeline, monitoring the on/off of each sensor, actuator, and communication signals, and reporting and processing faults in combination with actual conditions. The hydrogen system controller reads the sensor signals and performs parameter calculations by corresponding strategies. Taking the calculation of the pressure monitoring in the hydrogen cylinder as an example, firstly, the hydrogen controller collects the pressure in the hydrogen cylinder once every 10ms according to a preset sampling rate, continuously collects the pressure for 10 times, calculates the maximum value and the minimum value of the pressure for 10 times, sums the pressure values sampled for 10 times, subtracts the maximum value and the minimum value, and finally divides the pressure values by 8 to obtain an average value after removing the extreme value, wherein the value is taken as an effective value of the hydrogen pressure. After one cycle, 10 new pressure values will be re-sampled and then calculated as described above.
As shown in fig. 4, a hydrogen concentration detection flowchart. In the aspect of hydrogen leakage safety, a hydrogen concentration sensor is used for detecting, the hydrogen concentration sensor acquires PWM wave signals as voltage values, and the voltage values are converted into corresponding concentration values. And (4) judging and comparing by a program to select the maximum value of the sensor as the maximum value of the concentration, and sending the fault grade and the fault code corresponding to the maximum value outwards. In addition, the hydrogen leakage alarm has two types, one is the failure of the hydrogen concentration sensor, and the other is the three-level leakage alarm. According to different hydrogen leakage concentrations, the light alarm, the medium alarm and the emergency alarm are sequentially carried out.
The light alarm is also called secondary leakage alarm, which means that the concentration value of hydrogen in the air is between 10000ppm and 20000ppm, the hydrogen system controller reports the light hydrogen leakage alarm information to the fuel cell controller system and the whole vehicle control system, and the instrument prompts HMS2 level fault flicker and reports the fault code limit power of 50%;
the moderate alarm is also called as a three-level leakage alarm, which means that the hydrogen content in the air is 20000 to 30000, the hydrogen controller reports a serious hydrogen leakage alarm to a fuel cell controller system and a whole vehicle control system, and an instrument prompts HMS3 level fault flicker and reports a fault code limit power of 80%;
the emergency leakage is a serious fault, namely when the concentration value of hydrogen in the air exceeds 30000ppm, the hydrogen system controller reports an emergency leakage alarm to the fuel cell controller system and the whole vehicle control system, the hydrogen controller sends an emergency stop command, the whole vehicle controller judges to stop sending an enabling signal to the fuel cell controller according to the signal, the hydrogen storage system closes a valve, the fuel cell system stops, and meanwhile, the whole vehicle receives the signal to drop high voltage.
As shown in fig. 5, the crash and vehicle emergency safety principle is schematically illustrated. It can be seen from the figure that the whole system is simultaneously controlled by four control ends, namely a collision sensor, a hydrogen system controller (HMS) control end and a whole Vehicle Controller (VCU) control end, namely a fuel cell controller (FCU) control end. When the vehicle is collided emergently, the low-level safety line kept before the sensor is changed into high level, the high-level signal is transmitted to the vehicle control unit by a hard line, CAN communication is carried out among the vehicle control unit, the fuel cell controller and the hydrogen controller, the VCU stops sending an enabling signal to the FCU, and the fuel cell is stopped; and the HMS closes the valve, and the HMS stops supplying hydrogen, so that the aim of ensuring the safety of vehicles and personnel is fulfilled.
Example two
The embodiment provides a safety protection processing system of a fuel cell hydrogen system, comprising:
the hydrogen storage safety protection module is configured to collect the temperature and the pressure in the hydrogen bottle and determine the hydrogen storage safety protection level according to the current temperature and the pressure in the hydrogen bottle;
the hydrogen leakage safety protection module is configured to collect hydrogen concentration and determine the safety protection level of hydrogen leakage according to the data of the current hydrogen concentration;
and the collision protection module is configured to collect signals of the collision sensor and determine whether to perform fuel-powered shutdown on the whole vehicle according to the signal level of the collision sensor.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments have different emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The proposed system can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described system embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the above-described modules is merely a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be other divisions, for example, multiple modules may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps in a safety protection processing method of a fuel cell hydrogen system as described in the first embodiment above.
Example four
The embodiment provides a computer device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the steps in the safety protection processing method of the fuel cell hydrogen system as described in the first embodiment.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A method of safety protection handling for a fuel cell hydrogen system, comprising:
collecting the temperature and pressure in the hydrogen bottle, and determining the safety protection level of hydrogen storage according to the current temperature and pressure in the hydrogen bottle;
collecting the hydrogen concentration, and determining the safety protection level of hydrogen leakage according to the data of the current hydrogen concentration;
and collecting a signal of the collision sensor, and determining whether to perform fuel-electric shutdown on the whole vehicle according to the signal level of the collision sensor.
2. The safety protection processing method of a fuel cell hydrogen system according to claim 1, wherein the collecting hydrogen gas concentration and determining the safety protection level of hydrogen leakage according to the data of the current hydrogen gas concentration comprises:
acquiring PWM wave signals as voltage values by using a hydrogen concentration sensor, and converting the voltage values into corresponding concentration values;
comparing the corresponding concentration value with a set threshold value to determine the fault level of hydrogen leakage and alarm the hydrogen leakage;
the hydrogen leakage alarm is divided into two types, one is the fault of the hydrogen concentration sensor, and the other is the third-level leakage alarm; according to different hydrogen leakage concentrations, the light alarm, the medium alarm and the emergency alarm are sequentially carried out.
3. The safety protection processing method of the fuel cell hydrogen system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the light alarm is also called a secondary leakage alarm, which means that the concentration value of hydrogen in air is 10000ppm to 20000ppm, the hydrogen system controller reports the light hydrogen leakage alarm information to the fuel cell controller system and the vehicle control system, and the meter prompts HMS2 level fault flicker and reports fault code power limit of 50%
4. The safety protection processing method of the fuel cell hydrogen system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the moderate alarm is also called a three-level leakage alarm, which means that the hydrogen content in the air is 20000 to 30000, the hydrogen controller reports a serious hydrogen leakage alarm to the fuel cell controller system and the whole vehicle control system, and the meter prompts HMS3 level fault flash and reports fault code power limit of 80%.
5. The safety protection processing method of the fuel cell hydrogen system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the emergency leakage is a serious failure, which means that when the concentration value of hydrogen in air exceeds 30000ppm, the hydrogen system controller reports an emergency leakage alarm to the fuel cell controller system and the whole vehicle control system, the hydrogen controller sends an emergency stop command, the whole vehicle controller judges according to the signal to stop sending an enabling signal to the fuel cell controller, the hydrogen storage system closes the valve, the fuel cell system stops working, and the whole controller receives the signal to drop high voltage.
6. The safety protection processing method of the fuel cell hydrogen system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a hydrogen system controller is used for collecting the temperature and pressure in the hydrogen bottle, and parameter calculation is performed through a corresponding strategy, and the specific steps are as follows:
step 1: the hydrogen controller collects the pressure in the hydrogen bottle once every 10ms according to a preset sampling rate, and continuously collects the pressure for 10 times;
step 2: calculating the maximum value and the minimum value of the 10 times of pressure, summing the pressure values sampled by 10 times, subtracting the maximum value and the minimum value, dividing the obtained four sampling values by 8 to obtain an average value after removing extreme values, and taking the value as an effective value of the hydrogen pressure;
and step 3: circulating the steps 1-2;
and 4, step 4: and finally, the hydrogen system controller judges and processes the calculated parameters.
7. The safety protection processing method of the fuel cell hydrogen system according to claim 1, wherein the signal of the collision sensor is collected, and whether to perform the fuel-electric shutdown of the whole vehicle is determined according to the signal level of the collision sensor, specifically:
when the vehicle is in emergency collision, the low-level safety wire kept before the sensor is changed into high level, and a high-level signal is transmitted to the vehicle controller through a hard wire;
CAN communication is carried out among the vehicle controller, the fuel cell controller and the hydrogen controller;
the vehicle control unit stops sending an enabling signal to the control end fuel cell controller, and the fuel cell controller is stopped;
and the collision sensor closes the valve, and the hydrogen system controller stops hydrogen supply.
8. A safety protection handling system for a fuel cell hydrogen system, comprising:
the hydrogen storage safety protection module is configured to collect the temperature and the pressure in the hydrogen bottle and determine the hydrogen storage safety protection level according to the current temperature and the pressure in the hydrogen bottle;
the hydrogen leakage safety protection module is configured to collect hydrogen concentration and determine the safety protection level of hydrogen leakage according to the data of the current hydrogen concentration;
and the collision protection module is configured to collect signals of the collision sensor and determine whether to perform fuel-powered shutdown on the whole vehicle according to the signal level of the collision sensor.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when being executed by a processor, realizes the steps in a safety protection processing method of a fuel cell hydrogen system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements the steps in a method of handling a safety protection for a fuel cell hydrogen system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
CN202111395927.6A 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Safety protection processing method and system for fuel cell hydrogen system Pending CN114148172A (en)

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