RU2607101C1 - Caterpillar combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building. Caterpillar combine harvester comprises motor unit 1, harvester 2, reel 3, cutting unit 4, auger 5, rotor threshing and separating device 6, elevator 7 and loading device 8. Rotor threshing and separating device 6 with grain mass tangential feed is installed and rigidly fixed on crawler truck 22 frame 21 in front and parallel to harvester 2 cutting device 4. Between harvester 2 and rotor threshing and separating device 6 grain mass conveying device 28 with feed rolls 29 is arranged. On conveying device 28 with feed rolls 29 housing harvester 2 balancing mechanism is installed in form of levers and units of springs.

EFFECT: caterpillar combine harvester enables grain crops efficient harvesting.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in the construction of a combine harvester.

Known combine harvester self-propelled KZS-7 "Polesie" (www.selmash.qomel.by), containing a self-propelled thresher and header for grain crops. It is made according to the traditional scheme with the use of a threshing apparatus and a straw walker.

The main disadvantages of the combine harvester self-propelled KZS-7 "Polesie" is that:

1. There are significant energy costs when threshing grain mass, since all biological mass, including straw, is transported through the whole combine.

2. Difficult, and sometimes impossible, operation of the combine harvester on wheels in conditions of waterlogging of the soil, for example, in the Far Eastern region.

Known complex grain harvesting rotor KZR-10 "Polesie-Rotor" (www.selmash.qomel.by), containing a header, threshing and separating device of a rotor type with a tangential feed of bread mass, universal energy tool "Polesie-2-250A (280A)", grain heap transportation system and trailed cleaner-drive.

The disadvantages of the complex harvesting rotary KZR-10 "Polesie-Rotor" is that:

1. It is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to operate the complex with wheeled power equipment in conditions of waterlogging of the soil, for example, in the Far Eastern region, and the trailed cleaner-drive acts as an “anchor”, obstructing movement.

2. Uneven supply of grain heap with a distribution device.

The purpose of the invention:

1. Ensure agro-technical patency of the combine due to the redistribution of the mass of the rotary threshing and separating device (LSG) with a tangential feed of bread mass.

2. Ensure a uniform supply of grain heaps on the shaking board of the thresher.

3. Seal the floor and small straw bales before loading them into a plastic bag.

This goal is achieved by the fact that a rotary threshing and separating device (LSG) with tangential feed of bread mass is installed and rigidly mounted on the frame of the caterpillar trolley in front parallel to the cutting unit of the header, and between the header and the rotary threshing and separating device (LSG) a transporting device of bread mass is installed with feed rollers, while on the case of the transporting device of the mass of bread with feed rollers mounted balancing mechanism of the header in the form of levers and spring blocks.

The loading device of the grain heap transportation elevator is made in the form of a distribution screw installed inside the grinder above the shaking board, while the distribution device loading screw has a double-entry spiral tape.

Over the entire width of the bell, two rollers of the same diameter are installed parallel to each other, with the possibility of rotation towards each other at the same speed.

Thus, the inventive tracked combine harvester meets the criterion of "Novelty."

Signs that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype, in other technical solutions in this area are not identified, which allows us to conclude that the inventive combine harvester meets the criterion of "significant differences".

In FIG. 1 shows a combine harvester tracked, left view; in FIG. 2 - the same, top view; in FIG. 3 is a balancing mechanism, left view, in FIG. 4 is a section AA of FIG. one; in FIG. 5 - bell with rollers, left view.

The inventive caterpillar combine harvester (Fig. 1) contains a motor unit 1, a header 2 with a reel 3, a cutting device 4 and an auger 5, a rotary threshing and separating device (MSU) 6 with tangential feed of grain mass, with an elevator 7 for transporting grain heap with loading a device 8, a straw chopper 9 and a straw bend 10, hung on the front of the thresher 11 with wind screening 12, a shaking board 13, an upper 14 and a lower 15 sieves, a fan 16 and a sloping board 17, the transportation elevator 18 is unfinished spikes, a punching device 19, a hopper 20 for collecting grain, mounted on the frame 21 of the caterpillar truck 22 under the shaking board 13, a scoop 23 with a tray 24 and a bell 25, on the outer part of which a plastic bag 26 is fixed for collecting floor and small straw impurities, mounted on a polystyrene tape 27, fixed at one end to the rear of the frame 21 of the tracked truck 22, the free end of which rests on the soil.

A rotary threshing and separating device (ISU) 6 with a tangential feed of bread mass is installed and rigidly mounted on the frame 21 of the tracked cart 22 in front of parallel to the cutting device 4 of the header 2 (Fig. 2), and between the header 2 and the rotary threshing and separating device (ISU) 6, a transporting device of bread mass 28 with feeding rollers 29 is installed, while on the housing 30 of the transporting device of 28 bread mass with feeding rollers 29 (Fig. 3), a balancing mechanism 31 of header 2 is installed in the form of levers 32 and spring blocks (Fig. 3).

The loading device 8 of the grain heap transporting elevator 7 (Fig. 4) is made in the form of a distribution screw 34 mounted inside the thresher 11 above the shaking plate 13, while the distribution screw 34 of the loading device 8 has a double-entry spiral tape 35.

Over the entire width “H” of the socket 25 (Fig. 2), two rollers 36 of the same diameter “D” are mounted parallel to each other, with the possibility of rotation towards each other at the same speed (Fig. 5).

When the combine is moving across the field with a bread mass (Fig. 1), reel 3 reapers 2 brings the stalks of the harvested crop to the cutting apparatus 4 and, after cutting them, directs it to the screw 5. Next, the mowed cereal mass enters the conveying device 28 of the cereal mass with feed rollers 29, on the housing 30 of which (FIG. 2) a balancing mechanism 31 (FIG. 3) of the header 2 is installed in the form of levers 32 and spring blocks 33.

The feed rollers 29 (Fig. 1) capture the grain mass and direct it to the rotary threshing and separating device (LSG) with a tangential feed of the grain mass, where it is threshed.

The grain heap formed as a result of threshing is transported by the elevator 7 for transporting the grain heap to the loading device 8. (Fig. 4), made in the form of a distribution screw 34 with a double feed tape 35, mounted inside the thresher 11 above the shaking board 13.

The straw enters the chopper 9 and the chopped mass is scattered across the field through the straw chopper 10.

The grain heap, falling on the working surface of the shaking board 13 (Fig. 1), is exposed to its oscillatory movements, due to which the grain heap moves in the direction of the top 14 of the sieve wind cleaning 12.

When the grain heap moves on the shaking board 13, it is preliminary divided into fractions.

Grain moves down, and the floor and small straw impurities - up.

Having reached the upper sieve 14, the floor and small straw impurities are blown out under the action of the air stream of the fan 16, and the grain and unfinished ears under the action of the oscillatory movements of the shaking board 13 fall onto the lower 15 sieve. Pure grain falls through the bottom 15 sieve and through the sloping board 17 enters the hopper 20 for collecting grain mounted on the frame 21 of the caterpillar cart 22 under the shaking board 13.

Under-thinned ears go down from the bottom 15 sieve and enter the grain elevator 18 for transporting under-thinned ears to the grinding device 19, where the ears are ground and the threshed grain along with the floor and small straw impurities falls on the working surface of the shaking board 13.

The floor and small straw impurities enter the tray 24 (Fig. 5) and the scavenger 23 is sent to two rollers 36 of the same diameter "D", with the possibility of rotation towards each other with the same speed, installed on the entire width of the "N" socket 25 (Fig. 2).

Passing between two rollers 36, the floor and small straw impurities are compacted and fall into a plastic bag 26 to collect floor and small straw impurities (Fig. 1), mounted on the outer part of the bell 25, mounted on a polystyrene tape 27, fixed at one end to the back parts of the frame 21 of the caterpillar truck 22, the free end of which rests on the soil.

The drive of the working bodies and the tracked truck 22 is carried out from the motor unit 1.

After filling the hopper with 20 grain, and a plastic bag 26 with floor and small straw impurities, the crawler combine harvester leaves the field and unloads the grain into the vehicle. The plastic bag 26 is removed from the bell 25, packaged and left at the edge of the field, and another plastic bag 26 is placed on the bell 25.

Due to the fact that the rotary threshing and separating device (ISU) with the tangential feed of the bread mass is installed and rigidly fixed on the frame of the caterpillar cart in front parallel to the cutting apparatus of the header, this made it possible to ensure the agro-technical passability of the combine due to the redistribution of the mass of the ISU.

The implementation of the loading device of the elevator for transporting grain heaps in the form of a distribution screw with a double-helical spiral tape ensures uniform feeding of the grain heap on the shaker board of the thresher.

The installation of two rollers of the same diameter over the entire width of the bell, with the possibility of rotation towards each other at the same speed, made it possible to compact the floor and small straw impurities before loading them into a plastic bag.

Claims (3)

1. Caterpillar combine harvester containing a motor unit, a header with a reel, a cutting device and an auger, a rotary threshing and separating device with a tangential feed of bread mass, with an elevator for transporting grain heaps with a loading device, a straw chopper and a straw chopper, mounted on the front part with a thresher wind-screen cleaning, shaking board, upper and lower sieves, fan and pitched board, elevator for transporting under-thinned ears, domolachivaya device, bu a grain harvester mounted on a caterpillar frame under a shaking board, a scoop with a tray and a bell, on the outside of which a plastic bag is mounted to collect floor and small straw impurities, mounted on a polystyrene tape fixed at one end to the rear of the caterpillar cart frame, the free end of which rests on the soil, characterized in that the rotary threshing and separating device with a tangential feed of bread mass is installed and rigidly mounted on the frame of the tracked truck and parallel front cutterbar header and between the header and the rotary threshing and separating device a conveying device installed grain mass with feed rollers, with the housing of the conveying device grain mass with feed rollers mounted counterweight mechanism of the header in the form of levers and springs blocks. 2. Caterpillar combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading device of the grain heap transportation elevator is made in the form of a distribution screw installed inside the thresher above the shaking board, while the distribution device of the loading device has a double-entry spiral tape. 3. Caterpillar combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that two rollers of the same diameter are installed parallel to each other over the entire width of the bell, with the possibility of rotation towards each other at the same speed.

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