RU2604927C2 - Tank gun automatic loader - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to weapons, namely, to tank gun automatic loaders. Tank gun automatic loader comprises a rotary conveyor with cassettes, a cassettes lifting mechanism. Cassettes lifting mechanism comprises a reduction gear, two chains, a plate with hooks, a cassettes lifting mechanism bracket. Shell and charge tubes of each cassette are interconnected at an angle providing the possibility of successive loading the shell and the charge and/or loading by the shell ramming into the gun breech end, further ramming the charge and their joint ramming into the tank gun chamber by one loading the cassette.

EFFECT: provided is higher firing rate of the tank gun.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of armored vehicles, and in particular to automatic mechanisms for loading guns, and can be used in a machine gun for loading a tank gun.

Known automatic loader designed for loading a tank gun (see tank "Ural" Technical descriptions and operating instructions, book. 1. M., Military publishing house, 1975, S. 105 ... 153).

A well-known automatic loader contains a rotating conveyor with cartridges, a rammer, a cartridge lifting mechanism including a gearbox, two chains, a gripper, a cartridge lifting mechanism bracket with guides fixed to it.

It is known that one of the directions of modernization of tanks is to increase their firepower due to the use of new types of shots consisting of shells and charges that have a higher damaging effect and, as a result, have shells of increased length, as well as an increase in rate of fire, which is important for production the first shot while meeting the enemy tank.

The disadvantages of the known automatic loader include the impossibility of automatic loading of the gun when using shots with extended projectiles due to the small distance between the gun and the cartridge lifting mechanism.

In addition, it is impossible to increase the rate of fire, since the projectile and charge are sent to the gun sequentially, which leads to an increase in the time of loading processes.

A known automatic loader designed for loading a tank gun (see patent No. RU 2366882 C2 of 09/10/2009, Bull. No. 25), selected as a prototype.

The known automatic loader contains a rotating conveyor with cartridges, each of which is made in the form of shell and charging tubes rigidly interconnected, the longitudinal axes of which are parallel to each other, a rammer of shots into the gun’s chamber, the mechanism for removing pallets extracted from the gun, the mechanism for lifting the cartridges to the loading line including a gearbox, two chains, a gripper made in the form of a three-armed lever with a carriage pivotally mounted on it, a bracket for the cassette lifting mechanism with the guides fixed on it barking. The carriage has the ability to reciprocate in the specified guides. In addition, on the bracket of the cassette lifting mechanism there are additional guides and a copier with a groove.

The disadvantages of the known automatic loader should include a drop in rate of fire due to the fact that the process of removing the extracted pallets from the tank does not occur simultaneously with the process of sending the projectile and charge into the gun’s chamber, but sequentially.

The gun is subsequently loaded, when the process of sending a projectile into the gun’s chamber is carried out in a certain position of the cartridge, at which the charge is above the loading line. To send the charge, it is necessary to lower the cartridge to the position at which the charge will be on the charging line, which leads to an increase in the charging time.

In addition, the complex kinematic pattern of the gripping movement increases the cassette lifting time.

The disadvantages of the known automatic loading machine include the fact that the loading of the rotating conveyor by shots is carried out through the hatch located at the bottom of the turret aft, and therefore, when loading, it is necessary to rotate the turret with the gun 90 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of the tank body, which is difficult in boxes , in the forest, in urban environments, in trenches during defense. When loading without turning the turret, a special device is needed, which helps to increase the loading time in combat conditions.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the rate of fire from a tank gun by sequentially loading the projectile and charge and / or loading by sending the projectile to the breech of the gun, then recharging the charge and jointly sending it into the chamber of the tank gun from one cartridge installation, as well as reducing loading time rotating conveyor shots.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a tank gun loading machine containing a rotating conveyor with cartridges, a cartridge lifting mechanism including a gearbox, two chains, a gripper, cartridge lifting mechanism bracket, with guides rigidly fixed to it, shot rammer, pallets removal mechanism, according to According to the invention, the shell and charging tubes of the cartridge are rigidly interconnected at an angle, providing the possibility of sequential loading of the projectile and charge and / or loading by sending the projectile to the cas nnuyu portion gun chambering subsequent charge and their joint chambering the bolt in a tank gun with a cartridge installation.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows an autoloader, and in FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. one.

In a specific embodiment, the loading automatic device comprises a rotating conveyor 1, cassettes 2, a mechanism for removing the extracted pallets through the hatch 4 in the tank tower, a mechanism 5 for lifting the cassettes 2, an arm 6 for the mechanism for lifting the cassettes 2, a rammer 7 with chains 8, 9, which are arranged vertically . Each cartridge 2 consists of shell 10 and charging 11 pipes.

Pipes 10 and 11 are rigidly connected to each other at an angle α, which provides the possibility of sequential loading of the projectile and charge and / or loading by sending the projectile to the breech of the gun, then sending the charge and sending them together into the chamber of the tank gun from one cartridge unit 2. Angle α formed by the longitudinal axes of the pipes 10, 11 and is consistent with the geometric dimensions of the projectile and charge. Two rollers 13 are installed in the upper part of the projectile tube 10 using the axis 12. Two rollers 15 are placed in the lower part of the charging tube 11 through the axis 14, and a rod 16 is fixed in its middle part.

The mechanism 5 for lifting the cassettes 2 includes a gearbox 17, a plate with hooks (in the prototype grip) 18, chains 19, 20 that move in the guides 21, 22, additional guides 23, 24. Additional guides 23, 24 are used to move the cassettes 2 on casters 13 and 15.

The plate 18 by means of the other four rollers 25 moves along the guides 21, 22. In addition, figured hooks 26 are mounted on the plate 18 to interact with the rod 16.

The rollers 25 are mounted on individual axles.

The pallet removal mechanism 3 comprises a stop 27.

Depending on the layout of the fighting compartment of the tank and the design of the mechanism 5 for lifting the cassettes 2, the autoloader may contain:

- cassette 2 with the upper arrangement of the projectile and the lower - charge;

- axis 12 of the projectile pipe in the lower part of the pipe, and the axis 14 of the charging pipe in the upper;

- rollers 13, 15 of cassette 2 with individual axes in separate brackets;

- all the guides of the lifting mechanism 5, providing any trajectory of the cartridge 2;

- rammer 7 with a horizontal arrangement of chains 8, 9;

- flat hooks 26 on the plate 18;

- a charging tube 11 equipped with a leaf spring or a spring clip for locking the charge when the machine is in motion in a tank downhill;

- a pallet removal mechanism 3 provided with a sprung stop 27;

- an electronic control unit to ensure sequential loading of the projectile and charge and / or loading by sending the projectile to the breech of the gun, then sending the charge and sending them together into the chamber of the tank gun from one cartridge installation.

Automatic Charger Operation

When you press on the remote control button AZ ON, the rotating conveyor 1 begins to rotate. When approaching the cartridge 2 with the selected type of shot consisting of a projectile and a charge, the rod 16 of the cartridge 2 enters the gap between the hooks 26 of the plate 18 opposite the gun, while the rotating conveyor 1 is braked and locked by a stop. The rollers 13, 15 are installed opposite the guides 23, 24. When the rotating conveyor 1 is operating, the gun is brought to the loading angle and is locked by a stopper. As soon as the rotating conveyor is stuck, there are simultaneously signals to lift the plate 18, cassette 2, raise the frame of the pallet removal mechanism 3, open the hatch 4, then to throw the pallet from the previous shot through the hatch 4. The cassette 2 rises to the loading angle and stops. The projectile is sent by the bottom chain 9 of the rammer 7 to the breech of the gun. As soon as the lower chain 9 starts to come back, there is a signal to send the charge to the second chain 8. The charge catches up with the projectile and then the joint charge of the charge and the projectile goes into the gun’s chamber. When the chain 8 returns to its initial position, the gun’s wedge is closed at the same time, the cartridge 2 is lowered, the frame of the pallet removal mechanism 3 is lowered, the gun is unstuck and the gun is brought to the firing line. Next, a recoil shot, roll of the barrel and breech of the gun, trapping by the mechanism 3 of removing pallets of the extracted pallet from the gun. The increase in rate of fire occurs due to the simultaneity of loading processes. It is possible to load a gun with a projectile with its jamming in the gun’s chamber, and then charge reloading, i.e. sequential loading, but then the rate of fire of the gun decreases. This option, suppose, is necessary for one of the four modernizable shots used in the tank.

After using the ammunition from the rotating conveyor 1, loading it with shots is carried out through the mounting hatch on top of the tower, while the gun is set to the maximum elevation angle, and the cartridge 2 rises and stops in the cartridge lifting mechanism 5 at a certain height, which provides free access to the cartridge.

Claims (1)

An automatic machine for loading a tank gun containing a rotating conveyor with cartridges, a cartridge lifting mechanism including a gearbox, two chains, a plate with hooks, a cartridge lifting mechanism bracket with guides fixed on it, characterized in that the shell and charging tubes of each cartridge are interconnected under angle, providing the possibility of sequential loading of the projectile and the charge and / or loading by sending the projectile to the breech of the gun, the subsequent recharging of the charge and their joint reloading in the chamber nkovoy gun with a cartridge installed.

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