RU2403524C1 - Method for loading of gun - launching device - with rounds and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: method for loading of gun - launching device - with rounds consists in turn of fighting cab carrier, turn of gun - launching device and round by angle of loading with provision of round catch with the help of device for loading and synchronisation of angular speeds of gun-launching device barrel and rounds until their axes match, and ramming of round into channel of gun-launching device barrel. In process of gun-launching device and round turn, nose part of round enters powder chamber of gun-launching device barrel with simultaneous shock-free slippage of round relative to gun-launching device barrel powder chamber until it is set on ramming line. In the end of round turn, it is rigidly fixed by loading device. Prior to ramming, round is released from rigid fixation. Round ramming is done at loading angle, which is approximated to angle of gun-launching device firing by a maximum distance. Device for loading of gun-launching device includes stem and two spring-loaded grooves that interact by spherical tips with guide plates fixed on stands. Guide plates are equipped with stops interacting with spherical tips. Distance between axes of gun-launching device barrel and stem rotation exceeds round length 1.45-1.5 times.

EFFECT: reduced time for gun preparation for firing, reduced dimensions of light-weight fighting cab basket, providing for automatic loading of rounds with controlled and non-controlled missiles, increased reliability of gun-launching device operation.

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Description

The invention relates to military equipment and may find application in military vehicles of light weight category, having limitations in size and weight.

A known method of loading a gun mount (application No. 0058814 from 09/01/82, EPO), in which the gun’s barrel is raised 90 ° to a vertical position and with the shutter open, a vertically located shot is fed into the breech of the gun’s barrel. The latch of the suction device holds the shot in the breech of the barrel, after which the shutter is closed. After that, the gun barrel is lowered to the desired position and fire. After firing, the barrel is lowered into an intermediate position and the fired sleeve is removed from the gun. After that, the gun is returned to a vertical position for sending another shot and the process is repeated. The method allows loading both regular-length shots and shots with a guided projectile having a long length.

The disadvantage of this method is the long preparation time for the gun mount for firing, which consists of the time the gun was raised to a vertical position, the time the shot was delivered to the breech of the barrel, and the time the gun moved to the angle of fire.

A known method of loading guns infantry fighting vehicle BMP-1 (BMP-1 infantry fighting vehicle. Technical description. Military publishing house of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Moscow - 1972, p. 83), which includes the following operations:

- the gun is set to the loading angle;

- move the capture tray with a shot from the starting position to the loading line;

- send a shot into the channel of the gun barrel;

- set the gun to the angle of fire.

The disadvantages of this method are:

1. The impossibility of loading shots with a guided projectile.

2. A long time for loading the gun and pointing it at the target, which is the sum of the time the gun was set to the loading angle, the time the capture tray moved with the shot from the initial position to the loading line, the shot was sent to the gun barrel and the gun moved to the angle of fire.

3. The relatively large dimensions of the basket of the fighting compartment (BO), which depend on the length of the ammunition and the trajectories of its movement in space when loading.

Partially indicated disadvantages are eliminated in the gun loading method set forth in the patent for invention No. 2174208 of 07.07.1999 and taken as a prototype. The method includes the following operations:

- serves shot vertically mounted on a rotating conveyor in the plane of the axis of the channel of the gun barrel;

- turn the gun on the loading angle;

- simultaneously with the gun, turn the shot to align its axis with the axis of the channel of the gun barrel;

- send a shot into the channel of the gun barrel;

- set the gun to the angle of fire.

Partially, due to the combination of loading operations and shortening of the delivery path by the amount of the nose of the shot entering the breech of the gun, the time for preparing the gun for shooting is reduced.

However, when automatically loading the guns with shots with guided missiles, which are longer than conventional shots with unguided shells, it is necessary to increase either the diameter of the warhead basket of the combat vehicle or its height, since the protrusion of the shot when loading beyond the dimensions of the basket is not allowed.

A device for loading shots of an artillery mount (patent No. 2153139 dated June 28, 1999, RU) is known, which implements the above method and is taken as a prototype. The device includes a rod, two spring-loaded grooves interacting with spherical tips with a ruler mounted on racks.

The disadvantage of this device is the low reliability of the artillery installation due to the possibility of jamming of the shot during retraction.

One of the main tasks of light weight combat vehicles containing medium and large caliber guns is to provide artillery support (in autonomous operations), including firing from closed positions at maximum range. In this case, it is necessary as soon as possible to produce the required number of shots and leave the position. To accomplish this task, the combat vehicle must have high reliability of the operation of the gun - launcher (OPU) with a short time for preparing it for firing, and have small dimensions and weight.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the time of preparation of the gun for firing, reducing the dimensions of the basket BO combat vehicles light weight category, providing automatic loading of shots with guided and unguided shells, as well as improving the reliability of the OPU.

The problem is solved in that in the method of loading shots of a gun - a launcher (GCP) installed in the BO of a light weight combat vehicle, which includes turning the BV conveyor to align the axis of the vertically mounted shot with the loading plane, turning the grenade launcher and the shot at the loading angle to ensure capture shots using a device for loading and synchronizing the angular velocities of the barrel of the rocket launcher and the shot to coincide with their axes forming the line of sending, sending the shot into the barrel of the rocket launcher, is new The fact is that during the turn of the shotgun and the shot, the nose of the shot enters the barrel of the shotgun with simultaneous shockless slipping of the shot relative to the shotgun of the barrel of the rocket launcher before it is placed on the retraction line, and at the end of the turn of the shot, it is rigidly fixed by the loading device, before by releasing, the shot is released from rigid fixation, and retarding of the shot is carried out at the loading angle, which is close to the firing angle of the ballistic range to the maximum range.

The method is implemented using a device for loading an OPU shot, including a rod, two spring-loaded grooves interacting with spherical tips with a copy ruler mounted on racks. New in the device is that the copy lines are equipped with stops interacting with spherical tips. The distance between the axis of rotation of the barrel OPU and the rod is 1.45-1.5 times the length of the shot.

The proposed method of loading the shots of the firearm is illustrated by graphic materials, in which Fig. 1 shows the position of the fire and the shot before loading and at the loading angle, in Fig.2 - the position of the fire and the shot at the moment the nose of the shot enters the barrel chamber of the fire, in Fig.3 - design of the device for loading the OPU.

The barrel 1 OPU pivotally mounted in the tower 2 of the fighting compartment of the combat vehicle. A basket 3 is attached to the tower 2, on the floor 12 of which there are racks 4 with copy lines 5 and a pivotally attached rod 6. On the rod 6 there are spring-loaded grooves 7 with spherical tips 8. The stops 9 are made on the copy lines 5.

The device operates as follows. Conveyor BO with a shot is rotated to align the axis of the vertically mounted shot 10 with the loading plane. The barrel 1 of the control panel rotates in a vertical plane in the direction of arrow A. Simultaneously with the barrel of the control panel in the direction of arrow B, rod 6 rotates with a shot 10. Automation of the combat vehicle ensures synchronization of their angular velocities. During the rotation of the barrel of the rocket launcher and the rod 34, the shot is captured and its nose enters the chamber 11 of the barrel of the rocket launcher with simultaneous shockless slipping of the shot relative to the barrel chamber of the rocket launcher. The distance between the axis of rotation of the barrel OPU and the rod is 1.45-1.5 times the length of the guided shot. When the rod 6 is rotated, the spherical tips 8 interact with the guide lines 5, the grooves 7 rotate relative to the rod 6 and cover the shot 10. At the end of the rotation of the rod 6, the spherical tips 8 begin to interact with the stops 9, as a result of which the shot 10 is rigidly fixed relative to the rod 6, which also contributes to the exclusion of damage to the bow of the shot on the breech of the barrel OPU. With a further rotation of the rod, the spherical tips 8 cease to interact with the stops 9 and the grooves 7 release the shot slightly under the action of the springs, after which it is sent to the barrel of the control panel. The dispatch is carried out at the loading angle, which is close to the firing angle of the fighter launcher to the maximum range, which reduces the firing time of the fighter launcher towards the target. The firing angle to the maximum range is specified in the firing tables of the fire control system.

Thus, the proposed technical solution allowed to reduce the diameter of the basket BO by the value of B × cosα, and the height by B × sinα, where:

In - the magnitude of the entry of the nozzle of the shot into the bore before sending out.

α is the loading angle, which is determined by the axis of the barrel of the gun barrel and the shot located on the line of delivery, and the plane of the BO shoulder strap.

The ratio of the diameter of the basket BO to its height was 1.75-1.76.

Simultaneously with the reduction of the diameter of the BO basket, the technical solution allowed to reduce the time of preparation of the fire control system for firing and to increase its reliability.

Claims (2)

1. The method of loading shots of a gun - a launcher installed in the fighting compartment of a light weight combat vehicle, including turning the conveyor of the fighting compartment to align the axis of the vertically mounted shot with the loading plane, turning the gun - the launcher and shot at the loading angle to ensure that the shot is captured from using a device for loading and synchronizing the angular velocities of the gun’s barrel - the launcher and the shot until their axes form the line of sending, matching of shots la in the barrel of the gun - launcher, characterized in that during the rotation of the gun - launcher and shot enter the bow of the shot into the chamber of the barrel of the gun - launcher with simultaneous shock-free slipping of the shot relative to the barrel of the gun - launcher before installing it on the releasing line, and at the end of the turn of the shot, it is rigidly fixed by the loading device, before releasing, the shot is released from rigid fixation, and the retraction of the shot is carried out vlyayut on coal loading, which is close to the corner of the guns firing - launcher at maximum range. 2. A device for loading a shot of a cannon-launcher, including a rod, two spring-loaded grooves interacting with spherical tips with a copy ruler mounted on racks, characterized in that the copy rulers are equipped with stops that interact with the spherical tip, while the distance between the axes of rotation of the barrel guns - the launcher and the rod is 1.45-1.5 times the length of the shot.

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