RU2666112C1 - Ignition tubes feeding mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of military equipment, and can be used in the caseless loading artillery guns development or modernization. Ignition tubes feeding mechanism contains magazine with supply chute and ramming device mounted on a rocking arm, fixed to the cannon non-recoiling parts, is driven by the actuator to the loading position. At that, the second actuator performs the tube direct ramming into the chamber, freed from the used tube until the mechanism locking in the loading position.EFFECT: invention enables the tubes feeding and ramming opportunity with the exclusion of the recoil forces action on them during the shot, as well as the tubes feeding with the breech block operation synchronization, thereby increasing the rate of fire and create conditions for the shooting process automation.8 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military equipment and can be used in the development or modernization of artillery shellless shells, mainly medium and large caliber.

The degree of automation of loading and firing operations determines the productivity or rate of fire of guns of any caliber. There is a technical solution in which for large-caliber guns it is proposed phased control of the execution of commands for the supply of shells and firing (US Pat. US No. 4777864, F41F 9/10, 05/10/1984). Here, schematic solutions based on pneumohydraulic actuators, processors, and corresponding sensors are used as actuators for the charging mechanism. However, despite indicating the caliber of the gun and resolving the problem of loading and firing, only a unitary loading shot with shell obturation is indicated here as ammunition, and the effect of the rollback is discussed indirectly.

At the same time, there are medium and large-caliber artillery shells using shellless shots consisting of a projectile, propellant charge and means for its initiation (ignition) called an ignition tube (firing cartridge). Known howitzer M777 (see, for example, MARINE CORPS TM-10407A-10/1, ARMY TM 9-1025-215-10, for M777, April 2005. 1-25; Ok, ch. 2,) with a tube feeding mechanism placed on the bolt frame on the recoil parts of the gun, which is manually actuated, by the muscular strength of one of the numbers of the gun crew. Ignition tubes are placed in a removable magazine on the shutter frame and fed to the delivery line by a spring due to linear movement.

The disadvantage of this device is the effect of overloads on ignition tubes located in the store on the shutter frame, as well as on all elements located on the retractable parts during the shot. The effect of these overloads can lead, depending on the design features of the igniter tubes, to either the ignition tubes being unprotected, or to their spontaneous operation in the store. If the contents of the igniter tubes get into the magazine case when the cartridge is detached, it creates a fire hazard and can also lead to jamming of the pipes in the magazine case. In the event that the ignition tube in the store is triggered, several adjacent pipes in the store will inevitably trip, which also entails a risk of fire. If the unprotected tube enters the shutter chamber, then it does not give a force of flame sufficient to ignite the propellant charge.

An important problem for such guns is the rate of fire, which is preferably achieved, inter alia, by mechanization and automation of the supply and loading of all elements of a shot without loading. Such a solution is described in a charging device, where it is proposed to use a stream of compressed air to supply a sleeveless charging element (US Pat. RU No. 2455607, F41A 9/37, F41A 9/37, dated 08.31.2010). It also provides overview information on various power drives used in automatic loading systems. The proposed solution does not address the problem of automating the process of loading igniter tubes.

Among the mechanisms for loading igniter tubes, drum and magazine-type constructions are mainly found. For example, a technical solution is known in which for the automatic supply of igniter tubes, the angular movement of the ignition cartridge to the ignition position with the ejection of the previously used cartridge is used (US Pat. No. 6363829, F41A 3/74, from 2.04.2002). The location of the mechanism on the gun’s shutter exposes such ignition cartridges (or ammunition) to significant overloads when the gun recoils after firing. And the result of their action may be a violation of the integrity of the cartridge or even unauthorized operation (spontaneous combustion).

In another technical solution (US Pat. No. 7845264, F41A 19/13 dated 05/03/2007), an automatic mechanism for feeding ignition cartridges for 155 mm guns was proposed, including a removable magazine and mechanical means for removing spent cartridges and supplying working ammunition due to their linear movement in the chamber. The location of the mechanism on the retractable parts of the gun leads to overloads that do not contribute to the preservation of the ignition tubes in full working condition, and may lead, depending on the peculiarities of the design of the tube, to unauthorized operation or unprotection.

There is also a known mechanism for supplying igniter tubes in the form of a carriage with a magazine of igniter tubes, a rammer and a carriage moving device as part of a shellless artillery gun having a barrel with a breech, a cradle, a shutter with a chamber (Pat. RU No. 21616164, F41A 1/00, F41A 9 / 20, F41A 9/34, dated March 31, 2000. Here, the presence of large accelerations equal to 400-600 g is indicated, and when the shutter opens and closes, additional overloads of the same order of magnitude are also observed when the magazine with ignition tubes is located on the sliding parts . Gun carriage is therefore proposed to install on a cradle movably along the axis of the gun barrel carriage moving device is in the form of two cooperating abutments, one of which is located on the breech, and another -. On the carriage, a spring-loaded relative to the cradle.

A disadvantage of the known device is the need to use a wedge shutter with an end obturation unit, which limits the scope of the device. The existing design features of the end obturating unit reduce the operational safety of the guns and also increase the manufacturing cost. The need to perform in the wedge of the L-shaped channel, designed to transfer force from the ignition tube to the propellant charge, reduces the manufacturability.

Also proposed is a device for supplying ammunition, for example, ignition tubes, taken as the closest technical solution, to the shutter chamber and which contains a magazine with a feeding tray, a groove forming a sector of tube rotation connected to the tube exit channel, a tipping unit with a link acting on a tube and having a kinematic connection unit with a shutter and a rammer (US Pat. RU No. 2375661, F41A 9/00, dated May 15, 2008). The groove and channel are located normally on the plane of the feed tray. Link impact on the tube is made in the form of a lever having an axis of rotation. In this case, one of the arms of the lever is equipped with a shelf for acting on the tube and a longitudinal wall overlapping the magazine tray in the lower position of the link after sending the tube. The rammer is an element of the kinematic connection unit of the link with the shutter and is made in the form of a two-shouldered lever mounted on the store, with one shoulder of the lever being able to interact with the link to rotate it, and the second to interact with the shutter frame. The need to rotate the igniter tube before sending it to the shutter chamber requires the introduction of additional nodes in the design. Therefore, the mechanism is quite complex, while using only mechanics, therefore, it cannot be subjected to control actions for controlled automatic loading.

The task to which the invention is directed is to expand technical capabilities, increase the service life of the mechanism and increase the usability of the artillery gun.

When implementing the claimed invention, the achieved technical result consists in eliminating the effects of overloads on the ignition tubes when fired from a gun, realizing the possibility of automatic feeding of igniter tubes.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the mechanism for supplying igniter tubes, comprising a magazine with a feed tray and a rammer, is mounted on non-retractable parts of a shellless loading gun.

The proposed improvement also consists in the fact that the ignition tube supply mechanism is made in the form of a swinging lever with a removable magazine for igniter tubes mounted on it, a rammer and controlled by a power drive acting on it, and a trap for shot igniter tubes and a spring-loaded mechanism are mounted on the lever a cam for interacting with the igniter tube extractor, wherein said lever is mounted with the ability to return to its original position after charging in plamenitelnoy tube before firing of guns

In addition, the power drive is made in the form of pneumatic cylinders or hydraulic cylinders.

In addition, the pneumatic cylinder or hydraulic cylinder of the lever is made with a built-in locking mechanism.

In addition, two lever position sensors, for example, non-contact ones, are installed in the ignition tube feed mechanism.

Also, a spring or torsion is provided in the ignition tube supply mechanism for returning the lever to its initial position and a post-rammer spring to return the rammer to its original position after loading the ignition tube before firing from the gun.

In addition, for sending cylindrical igniter tubes, a stopper is installed on the rammer.

It is also proposed to feed the lever into the loading position of the tubes by means of a power drive, and return the lever to its original position due to the force of the spring.

In addition, the lever is returned to its original position by the spring of a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder

In general, the gun’s layout solution allows to reduce the overloads acting on the ignition tubes when firing by ~ 30 times or more compared to placing the tubes on the retractable parts (the overloads acting on the units and parts located on non-retractable parts reach ~ 20-30 g) and exclude the effect of overloads arising from the closing and opening of the shutter.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 is a general view of the ignition tube feed mechanism mounted on the gun barriers;

in FIG. 2 is a view of the ignition tube feed mechanism;

in FIG. 3 - section of a power drive acting on the tube;

A shellless artillery cannon contains a barrel (not shown in the figures) with breech 1, a cradle 2 with a guard 3, a shutter 4 which includes an ignition tube locking assembly) mounted on a cradle 2 or a guard 3 (non-recoil parts of the gun) tubes 5, including a rocker arm 6. The feed mechanism of the igniter tubes 5 is connected to a pressure source by pneumatic or hydraulic pipes (hoses) 7 and contains a removable magazine 8 for the igniter tubes 9 and a rammer controlled by a power drive (pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder) 10. The magazine 8 is fixed relative to the lever 6 with a latch (not shown in the figures). At least one spring 13 and a limiter 14 for sending ignition tubes 9 of cylindrical shape are installed on the rod of the rammer 12. The feed mechanism of the igniter tubes includes two proximity sensors (not shown), signals from which in the extreme positions of the lever 6 stop its movement and serve to transfer control. A receiving tray 15 (a trap for fired igniter tubes) and a spring-loaded cam 16 for interacting with the igniter tube extractor (included in the shutter) are also mounted on the lever 6. The lever 6 is connected to the non-recoil parts via the axis 17 and is driven by a power drive (a pneumatic cylinder with an integrated stop in the above case, or a hydraulic cylinder) 18 and a spring 19 (or a torsion bar). Spring 19 may be covered by a shield (not shown). If used to return to the initial position of the spring air or hydraulic cylinder, the specified spring 19 may be absent. The control scheme of the proposed mechanism can be used standard, for example, proposed in one of the above analogues, which provides for the basic actions performed by the proposed mechanism.

The device operates as follows.

After a shot, either before the first shot, the shutter opens, the gun is loaded and the shutter closes, and the ignition tube locking unit 9 (included in the shutter) remains open.

The supply of the igniter tube begins after the pressure is supplied to the pneumatic cylinder (hydraulic cylinder) with the built-in stopper 18 of the lever 6 from the external drive via pipelines (hoses) 7, as a result of which the built-in stopper and lever 6 are turned off in the cylinder 18, overcoming the resistance of the return spring 19 or the lever torsion, lowers onto the sending line and is held by pressure on the sending line, that is, in such a way that the axis of the tube being sent is pine to the chamber axis (see Fig. 3), and when the lever 6 moves to the sending line, interaction cam 16 with an igniter tube extractor (included in the shutter) and extraction of the shot tube 9 and its capture by the receiving tray 15 are carried out.

When lever 6 reaches the sending line, the sensor is activated, and pressure is supplied to the rammer 10, as a result of which the ram rod 12, overcoming the action of the return spring (s) of rammer 13, sends the tube 9 from the magazine 8 to the chamber, and at the end of the ramming the restrictor 14 rests against the counterpart of the shutter 4 (not shown) and stops the ram ram. After that, the pressure in the rammer 10 is released, the spring (s) 13 returns the rod of the rammer 12 with the limiter 14 to its original position, after which the pressure in the pneumatic cylinder (hydraulic cylinder) with the built-in stopper 18 is released, return spring 19 (this can be done by transferring pressure in the cylinder or spring acting on the rod of the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder) lifts the lever 6 to its original position, and in the upper position, the cylinder 18 is fixed by an integrated stop.

At the same time, the ignition tube 9 is locked in the chamber by the ignition tube locking assembly, the gun is ready to fire.

The design mechanism was developed for the given mechanism and a prototype for testing was made.

Thus, the claimed technical solution of the artillery shellless loading gun provides an increase in the technical level due to the installation of a feeding mechanism for igniter tubes with the possibility of using the de Banj sealer and an increase in the operational safety of the product by eliminating the effect on the ignition tubes of overloads during firing. In addition, ease of use is achieved by reducing the number of possible malfunctions, and the use of controlled power drives can increase the rate of fire and automation of the firing process in the future.

Claims (8)

1. A mechanism for supplying igniter tubes, comprising a magazine with a feed tray and a rammer, characterized in that the mechanism is made in the form of a swinging lever mounted on a fixed part of the gun, with a tray for shot igniter tubes, and on which a removable magazine with a rammer is fixed, with this moving and fixing the store at the position for installing the tubes in the chamber, as well as the removal from the specified position to its original position after installing the tube is carried out by means of a controlled power drive, and not sredstvenno chambering igniting tube into the chamber holds the second actuator, wherein before fixing to store chambering position under the action of a spring-loaded lever present on the cam triggered extractor shoot igniter tube, whereupon said tube is used misses the tray. 2. The feed mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the power drive is made in the form of pneumatic cylinders or hydraulic cylinders. 3. The feeding mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the pneumatic cylinder or the hydraulic cylinder of the lever is made with a built-in locking mechanism. 4. The feeding mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that in the ignition tube feeding mechanism two lever position sensors are installed, for example, non-contact ones. 5. The feeding mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the springs are installed on the rammer and lever to return the lever and the rammer to its original position after loading the ignition tube before firing from the gun. 6. The feeding mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that a limiter is installed on the rammer for sending cylindrical igniter tubes. 7. The feeding mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the lever is returned to its initial position by a spring, and the lever is fed into the loading position of the tubes by a power drive. 8. The feed mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the lever is returned to its original position by a spring of a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder

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