RU2604293C1 - Trailed combined harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building. Trailed combined harvester comprises a harvester, a threshing unit, a straw rake grid, an air-grid cleaning and a hopper. Cut by the harvester cutting device stems are moved to the space between the large and the small linen conveyors. Stems are sealed in the gap between the large and the small conveyors and are fed as an ordered mass ears to one side to the receiving beater and then to the threshing unit.

EFFECT: due to ordered feed to the threshing unit of stems ears to one side wastage of grain is reduced.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to combine harvesters, and can be used when harvesting seed inflorescences of vegetable crops such as carrots, caraway seeds, table beets, etc.

Known combine harvester containing the header, threshing machine, straw walker, transport board, air-sieve cleaning [1]. (Operation manual "Self-propelled harvester" Kolos "Rostov-on-Don, 1972, p. 8).

The disadvantages of the known combine include its low productivity, since grain in suspension, deposited on a transport board, is mixed with a straw fraction, which prevents its separation.

Known combine harvester C-6, containing the header (located on the side of the thresher), thresher, stacker, engine and chassis, taken as a prototype. [2].

The reaper has a reel, cutting apparatus, large and small canvas-slat conveyors. A large conveyor passes along the platform of the header to its inclined part (trunk). The conveyor belt is worn on the driving and driven rollers. In addition, the web also extends along the guide rollers. From below, the header is sheathed in sheet steel.

The thresher has a receiving chamber, a threshing apparatus, a conveyor-rotor straw walker, two cleaners, a grain hopper and conveying devices.

A chain-slat conveyor and a receiving beater made in the form of a two-bladed winged wing with teeth are placed in the receiving chamber. The thresher consists of a drum and concave equipped with teeth.

A disadvantage of the known combine is a deaf (without holes) concave, due to which the whole threshed mass forms a single array, which is thrown onto the heap conveyor. The process of shaking the straw is accompanied by the allocation of a heap (grain, flooring, malfunctioning) and ends with the supply of a heap for the first cleaning, then for secondary cleaning, from where the extracted grain goes to the hopper, it follows from the foregoing that the process of separating grain is very time-consuming and unproductive, and is accompanied significant losses of grain carried into the pile by straw and sex.

The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity, reduce losses and improve the quality of grain cleaning.

This is achieved by the fact that in the combine harvester, the grain mass, cut and laid on a linen-planar conveyor of the header (see Fig. 1) with ears in one direction from the cutting apparatus, enters the inclined part of the header. Here, the stems entering the gap between the small and large conveyors are somewhat compacted in an ordered position, when all the ears are on one side, and the stems on the other, enter the receiving part of the thresher, which is facilitated by the receiving beater. The location of ears and stalks along the drum beat and concave rods during threshing determines the rotation of the ears around its axis. The concave is motionless trellised. In the thresher, the bread mass begins to rotate in the gap between the rapidly rotating threshing drum and the concave, rather than being pulled. In this case, separately threshing of ears occurs and the stems are separately destroyed. In the process of such threshing of the ears, the bulk of the grain falls through the (longitudinal) concave holes and immediately goes to the secondary treatment, and from it to the hopper.

Straw with grains that may have fallen into it is broken and the floor is thrown by a threshing machine onto the heap conveyor and then onto the straw walker. With vigorous shaking, the grains are separated, followed by their supply to the primary and secondary cleaning and further to the hopper.

Separate threshing of inflorescences from the stem part of plants is especially effective when harvesting inflorescences of vegetable crops such as carrots, caraway seeds, table beets, etc., when minimizing losses is achieved due to minimization of the production chain of seeds from inflorescences, for example, starting from getting inflorescences on the belt conveyor is all that falls on the canvas, it is discharged into the threshing machine.

In FIG. 1 shows a combine harvester, top view; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of a trailed combine thresher; in FIG. 3 shows a combine harvester, side view.

The combine harvester consists of a tractor 1 and a combine 2. The combine includes a header 3, a large linen conveyor 4 with an inclined part (proboscis) 5, a small linen conveyor 6, a receiving beater 7, a drum (beater) 8, concave 9, a shell 10 with a grain auger 11, elevators 12, heap cover 13, heap conveyor 14, primary screen 15, secondary screen 16, hopper 17.

The technological process of the trailed combine harvester is as follows: the stems cut by the cutting apparatus 3 are moved by the large linen conveyor 4 to the left to the inclined part, the proboscis 5. Here the stems enter the gap between the small linen conveyor 6 and the large conveyor, are somewhat compacted and sent to the receiving part of the thresher , which is facilitated by the receiving beater 7, pushing the cereal mass into the gap between the drum 8 and the concave 9. Since the concave with through holes, it is highlighted The thinned grain is crumbled onto the shell 10 and, slipping along it, enters the grain auger 11 and then the elevator 12 is fed to the secondary sieve 16, from where the cleaned grain enters the hopper 17. The straw part is thrown by the drum into the casing of the heap 13 and onto the conveyor of the heap 14, then in the process of picking up and transferring straw, when the remaining grains are shaken out of it, they fall on the primary sieve 15, on the sieve the grain is freed from light and large impurities, after which it is sent for secondary cleaning 16, and from there to the hopper 17.

Combine harvester in this design ensures the continuity of the process of separation and cleaning of milled grain, reduces the load on the separating working bodies and provides increased productivity of the harvester, reduces grain loss and improves its cleaning.

Information sources

1. Self-propelled combine harvester Kolos. Rostov-on-Don, 1972, p. 8.

2. Agricultural machinery. Mashgiz. 1963, p. 291.

Claims (1)

A trailed combine harvester comprising a header, a threshing machine, a straw walker, an air-sieve cleaning and a hopper, characterized in that it is equipped with a receiving beater and large and small linen conveyors for sealing and feeding the ordered mass with ears in one direction by means of a receiving beater in the threshing machine.

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