RU2580596C1 - Eight-speed transmission wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: on tubular axle attached to fork guide wheel suspension, are freely installed tubular gearbox input and output shafts. Rims are fixed thereon with three-position couplings and freely mounted gears engaged with extreme gears units of gears fitted on mid axis. Internal gear engaged with gears of said blocks with rims and freely mounted on tubular axle. Between pairs of middle gears are arranged two oppositely turned half-couplings articulated by shift yoke. Plugs are arranged in slots, and switching levers-inside tubular axle.

EFFECT: broader performance and layout characteristics of vehicle.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to transport engineering, to the transmission of transport vehicles.

Known transmission wheel bike:

1. http://velopiter.spb.ru/tech/articles/part1/html

2.http: //velorama.ru/glossary/internal.phtml

3. http://www.cronusbike.ru/blog/skolko_peredach_doljno_byit_u_velosipeda.html.

Multistage transmissions are widespread on bicycles. The most commonly used chain transmission, gear shifting is carried out by transferring the chain to the stars ("stars" in the domestic technical literature) of the rear hub cassette. Switchable transmission elements can also be integrated into the pedal assembly.

Such transmissions are complex, insufficiently reliable, and they need regular maintenance (cleaning, lubrication) and periodic replacement of consumables: chain, switch rollers, cables and shirts, cassette, carriage, system stars. An external gearbox has a concept of “forbidden gears” (actually not recommended), on which the skew of the chain is too large, while its wear is increased and a rattle appears on the switch frame. There is a risk of tearing the rear derailleur.

In the transmission of a bicycle, it is possible to use gears, including planetary gears. Similar gears are used in automobile transmissions. If reverse gears are excluded, they can be used in the transmission of a bicycle wheel.

Transmission aggregates are known - gearboxes (KP) with step change of gear ratios, containing gears, shafts, bearings, gear shifting devices used on domestic and foreign cars. (4. Design of automobile transmissions: Handbook / Under the general editorship of A.I. Grishkevich. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1984. - 272 p.).

These units are structurally complex and metal-intensive.

Closest to the proposed device is KP patent RU No. 2162419 C1 (7 BK 17/08, F16H 3/091. Bull. No. 3 from 01/27/2001. Author Nekrasov V.I.).

The gearbox contains a housing, coaxially located input and output shafts, an intermediate shaft parallel to them, gears located on the said shafts, one three-position clutch located between the gears on the output shaft hub, and two two-position dual clutches consisting of two opposite-acting single-acting coupling halves connected by a shift plug. One of the double couplings is located between the second and third rows of gears, while its half coupling is mounted on the output gear pinion gear, and the other half coupling is opposite the first coupling half on the countershaft gear ring. The second double clutch is located between the first and second rows of gears, while one of its half-couplings is mounted on the input gear pinion gear or on the adjacent gear of the output shaft, and the second half-coupling is opposite the first half-coupling on the pinion gear, freely mounted on the countershaft. The gearbox contains four pairs of external gears and a number of reverse gears, with an additional reverse gear with a shift clutch located on a separate axis.

The described gearbox limits the operational and layout characteristics of a single-track vehicle, as it is not intended for transmission of a wheel mounted on an axle.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to expand the operational and layout capabilities of the vehicle due to the layout of the transmission unit on the wheel axle.

The problem is solved by installing on the wheel axis a compact gearbox of low metal consumption, providing eight gears and consisting of four pairs of gears and three gearshift clutches.

The essence of the proposed device lies in the fact that the eight-speed transmission of the wheel containing the gearbox, in which the input and output shafts are coaxially located, parallel to them is an intermediate shaft on which four pairs of external gears are mounted, between them there are three gearshift clutches, and between the middle pairs of gears is a double coupling, consisting of two oppositely deployed half-couplings of single acting, interconnected by a shift fork, while on the tubular axis fixed to the fork of the wheel suspension guide device, the tubular input and output shafts are freely mounted, gears with three-position switching clutches are fixed to them and gears are freely mounted, engaged with the extreme gears of the gear blocks mounted on the intermediate axis and forming the intermediate shaft, internal the gears of these blocks are engaged with gears having gear rims and freely mounted on the tubular axis, the forks of the shift clutches are located in the grooves, and the lever and switching - inside the tubular axis; the wheel hub is fixed to the tubular output shaft, the gearbox housing is located inside the hub, which is fixed by an intermediate mounting unit to the fork of the wheel suspension guide device, in this mounting unit there is a chain sprocket mounted on the input tubular shaft.

The proposed technical solution provides the expansion of the operational and layout characteristics of the vehicle while reducing the size and weight of the transmission wheels.

In FIG. 1 shows a simplified section - a kinematic diagram of an eight-speed three-shaft coaxial gearbox containing four pairs of gears, indicated by the numbers 1-4 in the lower part, and three gearshift couplings, indicated by the letters A, B and C. The left position of the couplings is indicated by the letter “L”, right - “P”, neutral - “H”.

In FIG. 2 shows a beam diagram of this gearbox with tables of the positions of the shift clutches in various gears. At the top of the table, the gear pairs included in the work are indicated (1-4). On horizontal scales, the gear ratios of gear pairs and gears are shown in a logarithmic form. The upper horizontal corresponds to the coaxial shafts: the circle under No. 6 is the input shaft, the remaining points from 1 to 8 are the output shaft; lower - to an intermediate shaft. The greater the tilt of the beam to the right, the greater the gear ratio, for example, beam 4 compared to beam 2. The left tilt of the beam indicates the accelerating mode of the pair of gears - beam 2 from t. 6 to the left to the lower horizontal and two beams 3 from the lower horizontal to t .7 and 8. The tilt of the beam of each pair of gears is constant in any part of the radiation pattern.

In the fork 1 of the guide device of the wheel suspension fixed tubular axis 2 of the hub 3 of the wheel (Fig. 1). Coaxial tubular input 4 and output 5 shafts of the gearbox (gearbox) are freely mounted on the tubular axis 2. The intermediate axis 6 of the gear blocks forming the intermediate shaft is installed parallel to the coaxial shafts 4 and 5 in the bearings of the crankcase 7 of the eight-speed gearbox. The crankcase 7 with an intermediate mounting unit 8 is fixed relative to the yoke 1. The dashed line indicates the opening for the driveshaft or chain to the gear (sprocket) 9 mounted on the outer end of the input shaft 4. A gear ring 10 is fixed on the inner end of the input shaft 4, on which there is a three-position shift clutch 11 (A). Similarly, on the inner end of the output shaft 5, a ring gear 12 is fixed on which a three-position switching clutch 13 (C) is located. A brake disk 14 (brake mechanism not shown) may be mounted on the output shaft 5. On the axis 6, two blocks 15 and 16 of gears 17-20 are freely mounted, engaged with gears 21-24, respectively, having gear rims for switching clutches, freely mounted on coaxial shafts and axles: 21 - on input shaft 4; 22 and 23 - on the axis 2; 24 - on the output shaft 5. Between the middle gears 22, 23 and the gear blocks of the axis 6 there is a double coupling consisting of two oppositely deployed coupling halves 25 and 26 (B) interconnected by a shift fork 27. The forks of the shift couplings are located in the grooves of the tubular axis 2, the fork 28 of the shift clutch 11 (A) is fixed to the lever 29, the fork 30 of the shift clutch 25 (B) is fixed to the lever 31, and the plug 32 of the shift clutch 13 (C) is fixed to the lever 33. The ends of the levers are brought out to the gearshift mechanism (on Fig. 1 is not shown). The cable drive is mainly used, the cables can be located inside the tubular axis 2.

The work of the CP is as follows (Fig. 1 and 2):

First gear

Clutches A and B are in the right position (P), and clutch C is in the left (L) position (Fig. 2, table, right above t. 1).

All four pairs of gears are included in the work.

The torque (Fig. 1) from the input shaft 4 by the gear ring 10, the switching clutch 11 (A) is transmitted to the gear 21, from it to the gear 17 of the right block 16, then a pair of gears 18-22 and the lower coupling half 25 (B) to the gear 23 (the upper coupling half 26 does not connect the gears 18 and 19), then to the gear 19 of the left gear block 15, a pair of gears 20-24, a coupling 13 (C) to the ring gear 12, to the output shaft 5 and the wheel hub 3.

In the radiation diagram (Fig. 2), this transmission is represented by four rays: beam 1 leaves t. 6 on the upper horizontal and is directed downward to the lower horizontal, then beam 2 goes to t. 5, then beam 3 down, then beam 4 to t 1 right on the upper horizontal.

Second gear

We switch clutch A to the left position (L) - turn off the 1st and 2nd pair of gears and leave the 3rd and 4th pairs of gears 23-19 and 20-24.

The torque from the input shaft 4 by the clutch 11 (A) is transmitted to the gear ring gear 22, the lower coupling half 25 (B) to the gear 23 and then as in first gear.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two rays: 3 and 4 from t. 6 to t. 2.

Third gear

We move clutch A to the right position, we switch clutch B to the left position - we replace the 3rd pair with the 1st pair of gears.

The torque from the input shaft 4 to the gear ring 10, the shift clutch 11 (A) is transmitted to the gear 21, from it to the gear 17 of the right block 16, then the upper coupling half 26 (B) to the left gear block 15, a pair of gears 20-24, the clutch 13 (C) to the ring gear 12, to the output shaft 5 and the wheel hub 3.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by two rays: beam 1 from t. 6 on the upper horizontal to the right down, then ray 4 to t. 3.

Fourth gear

We move clutch A from the right to the left position - we replace the 1st pair with the 2nd pair of gears.

The torque from the input shaft 4 is transmitted by the clutch 11 (A) through a pair of gears 22-18, then, as in the previous gear.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by rays 2 and 4 from t. 6 to t. 4.

Fifth gear

All three couplings in the right position (P) - the 1st and 2nd pairs of gears are included in the work.

The torque from the input shaft 4 to the gear 22 is transmitted, as in 1st gear, then the lower coupling half 25 (B) to the gear 23 (the upper coupling half 26 does not connect the gears 18 and 19), then the coupling 13 (C) to the ring gear 12 on the output shaft 5 and the wheel hub 3.

In the beam diagram (Fig. 2), this transmission is represented by two rays: beam 1 leaves t. 6 on the upper horizontal and is directed downward to the lower horizontal, then beam 2 goes to t. 5 on the upper horizontal.

Sixth gear - direct

We switch clutch A to the left position (L) - turn off all pairs of gears from work.

The torque from the input shaft 4 by the clutch 11 (A) is transmitted to the gear 22, then by the lower coupling half 25 (B) to the gear 23, then, as in the previous gear.

On the beam diagram this transmission is represented by t. 6.

Seventh gear - 1st accelerating

We move clutch A to the right position, switch clutch B to the left position - turn on the 1st and 3rd pairs of gears.

The torque from the input shaft 4, the ring gear 10, the shift clutch 11 (A) is transmitted to the gear 21, from it to the gear 17 of the right block 16, then the upper coupling half 26 (B) to the left gear block 15, a pair of gears 19-23, clutch 13 (C) on the ring gear 12, on the output shaft 5 and the wheel hub 3.

In the beam diagram (Fig. 2), this transmission is represented by two rays: beam 1 leaves t. 6 on the upper horizontal and is directed downward to the lower horizontal, then ray 3 is left up to t. 7 on the upper horizontal.

Eighth gear - 2nd accelerating

We move clutch A from the right to the left position - we turn on the 2nd and 3rd pairs of gears.

The torque from the input shaft 4 is transmitted by the clutch 11 (A) through a pair of gears 22-18, then, as in the previous gear.

On the beam diagram, this transmission is represented by rays 2 and 3 from t. 6 to t. 8.

Coasting - Freewheel

The clutch 13 (C) in the neutral (middle) position, while the wheel hub 3 and the tubular output shaft 5 with the ring gear 12 are disconnected from the gears of the gearbox.

Designations:

1 - fork guide device of the wheel suspension;

2 - the tubular axis of the wheel hub 3;

3 - a nave of a wheel of a vehicle;

4 - tubular input shaft of gearbox (gearbox);

5 - tubular output shaft KP;

6 - the intermediate axis of the gear blocks forming the intermediate shaft of the gearbox;

7 - a case of an eight-speed gearbox;

8 - intermediate mounting unit for fixing the crankcase 7 to the fork 1;

10 - the gear rim of the input shaft 4;

11 (A) - three-position clutch switching gear ring 10;

12 - the gear rim of the output shaft 5;

13 (C) - three-position clutch gear ring gear 12;

14 - a brake disk;

15 - the left gear block;

16 - the right gear block;

17, 18 - gears of the right block;

19, 20 - gears of the left block;

21 - gear, freely mounted on the tubular input shaft 4;

22 and 23 - gears freely mounted on the tubular axis 2;

24 - gear, freely mounted on the tubular output shaft 5;

25 (B) and 26 - a double two-position coupling, consisting of two oppositely deployed half-couplings of single acting;

27 - switching fork between the coupling halves 25 and 26;

28 - plug three-position clutch switch 11 (A);

29 - the lever of the fork 28 of the clutch 11 (A);

30 - fork double clutch switching 25 (B) and 26;

31 - the lever of the fork 30 of the clutch 25 (B);

32 - plug three-position clutch switch 13 (C);

33 - the lever of the fork 32 of the clutch 13 (C).

Claims (1)

An eight-speed transmission of the wheel containing a gearbox in which the input and output shafts are coaxially arranged, parallel to them is an intermediate shaft on which four pairs of gears of external gear are mounted, between them are three gear clutches, with a double clutch consisting between the middle pairs of gears of two oppositely deployed single-acting coupling halves interconnected by a shift fork, characterized in that on the tubular axis fixed to the fork, for example of the wheel suspension device, tubular input and output shafts are freely mounted, gears with three-position switching clutches are fixed on them and gears are freely mounted engaged with the extreme gears of the gear units mounted on the intermediate axis and forming the intermediate shaft, the internal gears of these units are engaged with the gears having gear rims and freely mounted on the tubular axis, the forks of the shift clutches are located in the grooves, and the shift levers are inside the tubular axis, steps and wheels attached to the tubular output shaft, situated inside the hub gearbox housing, which intermediate fastening assembly is attached to the plug guide wheel suspension device, in that the fastening unit is a chain drive sprocket fixed on the tubular input shaft.

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