RU2572485C1 - Method of construction and repair of continuous welded rail, track panel and track laying system for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: for the construction and repair of a continuous welded rail onto an earth bed of the track they lay in series track panels. On the panels they replace rails for continuous rails. The track panels and continuous rails are laid from one track laying system within a single technological stage. The panel is laid with a grip under the base at the ends of sleepers. As the system moves along the laid track, ends of the sleepers are fixed by ballast. Inventory rails are removed from the sleepers, and continuous rails are laid in their place instantly. If necessary, the rails are heated on the system to the optimal fixation temperature.

EFFECT: increased safety and efficiency of a rail road.

20 cl, 26 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport and can be used in the construction, reconstruction and repair of a welded jointless track, for laying a rail-sleeper grid on an earthen base, and for changing inventory rails, old lashes or one lash to new jointless lashes.

According to the prior art, a railroad is generally considered to be jointless, the distance between the rail joints of which significantly exceeds the length of a standard rail (25 meters). It is also known that the jointless path is laid in two ways: separate and link. In a separate method, sleepers, rails and fasteners are delivered to the installation site and these elements are successively laid and assembled. Link laying involves the assembly of the railway track from the finished links. The prior art does not know how to stack jointless lashes with one link, so the construction process is carried out in two stages, first the path is assembled from the finished links on the inventory rails, and then the inventory rails are changed to jointless lashes.

Several methods are known from the prior art for constructing a jointless track with a separate type of laying, performed using specialized machines described in patents RU 2207423, RU 2207424, RU 2225472. Machines for piece cleaning and laying sleepers, preparing subgrade, removing and laying lashes have a large degree of mechanization and differ from each other in the ways of moving and laying sleepers, preparing the subgrade and structural elements.

The disadvantage of the method with the piece laying of sleepers is the low speed of the work. This method of laying is applicable in directions with a developed network of railways, when it is possible to bypass the section of the track under construction. Highly mechanized machines have a narrow specialization and are not designed to carry out repair work on changing jointless lashes. Due to unit production, machines have a high cost and expensive maintenance.

The prior art is known for a typical method of constructing a weld jointless link using the link method used on the Russian Railways and described in TU-2012.

At the first stage, the old upper track structure is removed, an earthen base is prepared, then a rail-sleeper grid is laid, pre-assembled on inventory rails at specially equipped training grounds and delivered to the construction site by a specialized train. On curved sections of the track, a rail-sleeper grid with inventory rails of different lengths is laid. Stacking is performed using a stacking crane, which is part of the track-laying train. After laying the grating in the path, the rails are shifted to the previously laid and fixed with butt pads. After clearing the track from the train, straighten and straighten the track, take the track into operation and resume the transportation process.

The second step in the “window” on specialized trains for the transportation of rail lashes is delivered to the place of work and laid in the middle of the way, jointless lashes. To prevent distortion or ejection of unloaded lashes, they are fixed on wooden sleepers or half sleepers, temporarily stacked in sleepers. The ends of the unloaded lashes are protected with shoes against possible engagement of parts hanging from the rolling stock.

In the next “window”, the inventory rails are changed to jointless lashes with the operations of detaching, shifting and securing the rails. Repeated straightening and straightening of the track, take the track into operation and resume the transportation process.

In the next “window” inventory rails are removed from the path and delivered to the assembly site of the rail-sleeper grid.

If the jointless lashes were not fixed with the standard temperature, to enter the lashes into the temperature operating mode, they perform the operations of detaching, hanging the lashes, forcibly changing their length, laying the lashes in place and fixing. In some cases, the lashes are lengthened by heating.

This method of constructing a continuous joint is the closest analogue of the invention.

The disadvantages of this method is the need to perform repeated and additional labor-intensive work, causing a significant loss of time, financial and material resources, the withdrawal of the railway from the normal transportation process for a long time. The implementation of the transport process on inventory rails reduces security. Uneven wear of inventory rails requires additional costs for sorting and flaw detection.

The basis of the invention is the task to improve the safety and efficiency of the railway by reducing the cost and time of construction (repair) of the continuous track, changing the elements of the track's upper structure.

A method for constructing a jointless track, performed by a lay-laying train, is proposed, which consists in laying rail-sleeper grids successively on an earthen base, then inventory rails are replaced on them for blind-free whips, while grids and lashes are laid from one track-laying train in one technological pass. The rail-sleeper grid is laid by grabbing under the base from the ends of the sleepers. Further, when moving the train along the laid track, the ends of the sleepers are fixed with ballast using dumps and rollers mounted on mobile units. After passing through the laid section of the track, specialized mobile units carrying the rail sleeper and rail lashes together with a system consisting of specialized mobile units for laying and cleaning rail lashes, continuously remove inventory rails from the rail base and move them to the train or in the middle of the track and immediately On the freed rail fastening from the train lay jointless whips, which, if necessary, are heated on the train to the optimum fastening temperature. Fasten the rails to the sleepers at the anchor sections, after clearing the path from the train - completely to all sleepers.

When repairing a jointless track, when only changing lashes is performed, the system of specialized mobile units for laying and cleaning rail lashes removes old rail lashes (or only one lash) previously unfastened from the sleepers, and new jointless lashes are immediately laid in their place ( or just one lash). The lashes can also be heated to the optimum fixing temperature.

To dismantle the upper structure of the track, previously removed lashes or inventory rails and laid in the middle of the track, the movement of the train is carried out in the opposite direction of laying. Before dismantling the upper structure of the track, the space under the base of the sleepers near the ends is freed from ballast using dumps by the amount necessary to be gripped by a crane.

To achieve this goal, it is proposed to assemble a stack of rail-sleeper grids, consisting of inventory rails and sleepers with a pre-installed rail fastening, to perform alternately stacking sleepers and rails in layers. In this case, the rails are not fixed to all sleepers. Before assembly, rails-runners are laid in the base of the stack.

Inventory rails are made of the same type. For laying in straight and curved sections with a radius of up to 1200 meters, inventory rails are made with the same length (13.4 meters), for curves from 1200 to 300 meters - with different lengths (the length of the outer rail is 13.4 meters, the inner one is 13.33) . Rails runners are made of the same length (13.6 meters). On the outside of the rails, devices (staples) are installed to fix the sleepers along the laying diagram (according to the approved standards). On the rail-sleeper grids collected for curved sections of the track, the sleepers will be fan-shaped. Some brackets are set to a higher height to perform an additional function - a flag for the crane sensor. At the ends of the inventory rails, the butt pads are asymmetrically welded to quickly connect the rails during the construction of the track. The lower surface of the linings is set at the level of the surface of the base of the rail, and the upper end is aligned with the level of the rail head, the length of the linings is such that they overlap the joint gap of the outer rails in a curved section of the track with a minimum radius (300 meters) when the inner rail is seated in the joint with neighboring.

It is proposed that sleepers be made with grooves on the basis for orienting them when assembling the stack on inventory rails and rails. The grooves are made along the profile of the head of the inventory rail with an allowance for changing the gauge and laying the sleepers with a fan.

Skid rails stacked in the base of the stack as well as inventory rails are equipped with devices (brackets) for fixing the sleepers on the stacking plot (according to the approved standards). Part of the brackets is set to a greater height to perform an additional function - fixing the rail-skid from tipping over during transportation of the stack.

To achieve this, a track-laying train is proposed, containing a self-propelled laying crane and specialized mobile units for the transportation of sleeper and rail grids, to modernize to be able to transport together and stack sequentially rail-sleeper grids and then jointless lashes in one technological pass.

To do this, on the restrictive racks of equipment for the transportation of rail-sleeper lattice, devices are installed to accommodate rail lashes. The device in the form of a beam with rollers is placed above a stack of rail sleeper grids.

The train includes a system of three specialized mobile units, one of which is self-propelled, for the mechanization of work on laying and cleaning rail lashes, heating them to the optimum temperature, fixing and moving. To do this, the mobile units are equipped with tunnels for moving and heating rail lashes, equipment for the transit movement of rail lashes, equipment for heating rails, equipment for moving rail lashes and stacks from rail-sleeper grids, winches for lifting the ends of lashes from the rail base, mechanisms for automatic fastening ( detachments) of rails to sleepers by rail fastening. The tunnels are mounted on carts for moving in a horizontal plane. A module is installed on the middle mobile unit to accommodate staff. On non-self-propelled units, the side beams of the frame located between the undercarriages are set at a level higher than the height of the worker, standing on an earthen base for free access for the worker to the stacked, removable, fixed rail.

The train also proposes to include specialized mobile units for transporting rail lashes, modernized to load removed inventory rails or rail lashes with installed butt pads, and a towing device for moving rail lashes laid on them in the middle of the track.

On all moving units of a train, jointless lashes and lashes from inventory rails are moved when a shuttle-type device is used for direction.

Since only a track-laying train moves along inventory rails, they are of the same size, the opportunity for automating the process of laying a rail-sleeper grid opens up. To do this, it is proposed to install on a self-propelled overhead crane, in addition to manual control of all mechanisms, a system for automatically controlling the crane during construction. Management is carried out using sensors installed for:

- exact stop of the crane relative to the rail-sleeper grid (the flags for the sensors are enlarged brackets mounted on inventory rails);

- automatic movement of the crane lifting device (one of the sensors is oriented to the inventory rails of the previously laid rail sleeper);

- automatic capture rail-sleeper lattice on the train.

It is also proposed to install a device on the crane for orienting the rail-sleeper lattice when laying it in a way according to the previously laid one.

On the crane lifting device, removable equipment is installed for gripping the sleepers under the base from the ends, rollers for guiding the load gripping device when laying the rail-sleeper lattice over the device for orienting the rail-sleeper lattice, removable equipment for shifting the extreme sleepers to the center during dismantling of the old rail base.

The technical essence of the solutions is illustrated by the figures.

In FIG. 1 shows the head of a lay train with the laying direction with movement in arrow 1.

In FIG. 2 shows a part of a lay train for moving stacks from the main part of the train to the head one, which performs a reverse movement 2.

In FIG. 3-4 shows the main part of the lay train for the construction of a jointless track.

In FIG. 3 depicts specialized mobile units for the joint transportation of sleeper and rail gratings.

In FIG. 4 shows a system of three moving units for laying and cleaning lashes.

In FIG. 5 shows auxiliary rolling stock and an end rolling unit for transporting rail lashes.

In FIG. 6 shows the position of the stacked rail-sleeper lattice relative to that laid at the end of the automatic laying cycle, orientation device 32, sensor 34 for turning off the automatic cycle.

In FIG. 7 depicts rail-sleeper grids folded into a stack when captured by the upper load gripping device of the crane under the base from the ends of the sleepers.

In FIG. 8 shows a rail-skid with a laid rail-sleeper grid.

In FIG. 9 shows a section B-B of the rail-runner at the place of installation of the brackets, which fix it to the inventory rail.

In FIG. 10 shows a cross-section B-B of a rail-skid at the installation site of devices that define a sleepers-laying diagram.

In FIG. 11 depicts a device (bracket), which sets the plot for laying sleepers.

In FIG. 12 shows a cross-section of an inventory rail with the contour of the wheel of the rolling stock at the installation site of the device (bracket).

In FIG. 13 shows a cross-section of an inventory rail at the installation site of a device (bracket) of increased height and a crane sensor oriented to it.

In FIG. 14-15 depicts an inventory rail with installed overlays.

In FIG. 16 shows the connection of two inventory rails in a whip with a fixing bolt.

In FIG. 17-18 depicts a mobile unit for the joint transportation of sleeper rails and rail lashes.

In FIG. 19 shows a beam for accommodating jointless lashes 9, inventory rails 12, 13, leveling rails 8.

In FIG. 20-21, a self-propelled mobile unit from a system of specialized mobile units for laying and cleaning rail lashes is shown, the task of which is to move lashes from the movable units 70 to the movable unit 90, heat them to the optimum fixing temperature, and move the main part of the track-laying train.

In FIG. 22-23 depict the second movable unit from a system of specialized movable units for laying and cleaning rail lashes, the task of which is to clean inventory rails with lashes from the rail base and lay on it rail-free rail lashes.

In FIG. 23 is a plan view of a movable unit (housing unit not shown).

In FIG. 24-25 depicts a third movable unit from a system of specialized movable units for laying and cleaning rail lashes, the task of which is to move the removed lashes to movable units 110 for transporting rail lashes.

In FIG. 26 shows the composition for cleaning previously removed and laid in the middle of the way lashes.

The lay train consists of: a laying crane (30); two cover platforms (40); movable units for the transport of rail-sleeper lattice (50), some of which are self-propelled (60); movable units for transporting the rail sleeper and rail lashes (70) (the length of the moving units is greater than the length of the jointless lashes 9); systems of three specialized mobile units for laying and cleaning rail lashes (80, 90, 100); movable units for transportation of rail lashes (ON); locomotive (120); boxcars (121).

The stacking crane (30) is equipped with: an orientation device (32); sensors (39); load gripping device (31), which is suspended by ropes (38) from the crane.

The load gripping device (31) is equipped with: equipment for gripping the sleepers from the ends (33); sensors (34); orienting devices (35); grips (36).

Specialized mobile units (50) for transportation of rail-sleeper lattice are equipped with: racks (51); live rolls (52); devices preventing the movement of the stack (53); dumps (55); ice rinks (56).

Specialized mobile units (70) for the joint transportation of the rail sleeper and rail lashes are equipped with: racks (51), on which beams (71) with rollers (72) are mounted; live rolls (52); devices (53).

A self-propelled specialized mobile unit (80) is equipped with: tunnels (81), in which they install heating equipment (82), rollers (83), limiters (84), which are installed on carts (105); a module (85) for locating the equipment for heating the rails; platform (86); stairs (87) with railings (88).

A specialized mobile unit (90) is equipped with: tunnels (91), in which the rollers (83) and limiters (84) are installed; mechanisms (92) for automatic fastening (unfastening) of rails to sleepers by rail fastening; equipment for the transit of lashes (93); residential module (94), which is installed on racks (95), reinforced with jibs (96); winches (97); rollers for guiding the lashes (98); rollers to transfer the lash in the middle of the path (99).

A specialized mobile unit (100) is equipped with: tunnels (101), in which rollers (83) and limiters (84, 104) are installed, which are mounted on carts (105); side beams (106) of the frame are mounted on racks (95) reinforced with jibs (96); platforms (102); handrails (103).

The composition of specialized mobile units (110) for the transportation of rail lashes is equipped with: beams (71) with rollers (72); trailed device for moving rail lashes laid in the middle of the track (112). On the head platform (110a), additional devices (73) and winches (97) are installed. An additional shield (111) and devices (73) are mounted on the tail platform (110b);

The stack (10) consists of: a pair of rails-runners (26); rail sleepers (11) (no more than 5 pcs.).

The rail-sleeper grid (11) consists of: a pair of inventory rails (12, 13); sleepers (20), at the base of which there are grooves (21, 22, 23), with installed rail fastening (24).

Inventory rails, the left (13) and right (12) in the laying direction (1), consist of: rails of the same length to which the plates are welded (14, 15); devices (brackets) (16) (normal height) and (17) (increased height), which are mounted on rails from the outside through the plate (18).

The method of constructing a jointless path is implemented as follows.

Before performing work on laying a welded jointless track onto a track-laying train (see Fig. 1-5), the rail-sleeper grid 11 is loaded with stacks 10 from the stacking crane 30. The assembled rail-sleeper grid is part of the stack and is loaded onto the train only by moving the stack 10 along the roller table 52. When If necessary, you can load onto the train the rail-sleeper grid (12.5 meters), assembled on leveling rails 8.

The rail-sleeper grid 11 is assembled on a stand at specially equipped training grounds or directly on the train in free time from construction. The sleepers 20 are delivered to the grating assembly site with a pre-installed rail fastening 24. The assembly begins with laying on the roll table of the stand for assembling the rail sleeper or the cover platform 40 of the laying crane of a pair of rails 26 on which the sleepers are fixed (brackets) 16, 28 20 on the styling plot. Then, between the staples, sleepers 20 are laid on rails-rails 20, at the base of which grooves 21, 22, 23 are made. Studs 29 mounted on rails-rails fix the sleepers 20 from lateral displacement for grooves 21. Next, a pair of inventory rails are laid on rail fastening 24. 12, 13, which fasten 25 to the extreme sleepers. The stack is collected from five lattices. On the upper grate, inventory rails can only be installed with brackets 17 for the sensor 39. The upper inventory rails 12, 13 additionally fasten 25 to the sleepers 20, which will be located on the movable unit 50, 70 near the safety devices 53 that prevent the stack from moving during transportation.

From the opposite side, the train is loaded with jointless lashes 9 and lashes from leveling rails 8. The lashes are loaded from specialized movable units for transporting rail lashes of the software. Scourges with the shuttle device 7 move along tunnels 81, 101 and rollers 93 of the system of specialized mobile units for laying and cleaning rail lashes (see Fig. 4) with direction 6 to specialized mobile units for the joint transportation of the rail sleeper and rail lashes 70. The lashes secured by a device 73 that prevents the movement of rail lashes during transportation on the head movable unit 70a.

The train is pushed to the construction site (locomotive 120, cover platform 40 and tour cars 121 are installed in the tail). At the beginning of laying, the train is divided into four parts. A laying crane 30 and several specialized mobile units for transporting the rail and sleeper grid 50 are left in the head part. Several mobile units for transporting the rail and sleeper grid 50, one of which is self-propelled 60, are left in the middle part. Auxiliary rolling stock 120, 40, 121. The laying crane 30 is moved to the edge of the path at the start of the laying boundary. Prepare the crane for installation. A stack of 10 from rail sleeper grids is moved to the crane cover platform 40. The upper lattice on the side of the train does not have linings 14 for quick docking rails. The lifting device of the crane 31 is lowered until it completely coincides with the upper grate 31a, grabbing 36 under the base from the ends of the sleepers 20 lift the grate, move it and lay it on a prepared earthen track base. Release the gripper 36a of the load gripping device from the grate. The crane control is set to automatic mode and the load gripping device is moved to capture a new grate 31a (the load gripping device is moved in a compressed state 36 through the crane platform). The load gripping device 31 automatically captures the upper grate on the stack, while the automatic cycle goes into standby mode. Inventory rails 12, 13 are connected to the track rails by temporary butt pads. Unfasten the rails 25a from the sleepers except for the last sleepers. Start an automatic cycle. The crane 30 advances the length of the grating 11b and automatically stops from the signal from the sensor 39 in the exact position for laying. The load gripping device moves the grate to the place of laying; when lowering, the edge of the grate 11a, which is closest to the train, is automatically oriented by rollers 37 through the device 32 to the previously laid grate 11b. When the lattice height is 15-20 cm above the ground, the automatic cycle ends with the signal of the sensor 34 installed on the load gripping device 31. The head edge of the grill 11a is set on the track axis, the grill is lowered to the ground with the first 11b. On a curved section of the track, only internal rails are laid in the joint with respect to the radius of the curve. The load gripping device 36a is released from the grate 11a and an automatic cycle is started. Connect the inventory rails to the lash, fixing the pads with the fixing bolt 19. Unfasten 25a the rails from the sleepers 20 except for the last sleepers (the rails are not detached from the sleepers if the fastening allows automatic unfastening). The laying process is repeated until the last grate 11 in the stack 10. The freed rails 26 are laid on the platform of the crane 30. Subsequently, the rails 26a are laid on previously laid. Move the new stack 10 and continue the stacking process. In the process of moving the crane 30, the ends of the sleepers 20 are secured with ballast using dumps 55 and rollers 56, which are mounted on moving units 50. As the stacks 10 are spent on the head of the train (see Fig. 1) they are delivered in the middle part (see Fig. 2) from the main part of the train (see Fig. 3 and 4). When the system of specialized mobile units for laying and cleaning rail lashes (see Fig. 4) comes to the beginning of laying, the process of cleaning inventory rails 12, 13 is started. Temporary butt pads connecting inventory rails to track rails are removed. Raise the inventory rails with the winches 97 mounted on the movable unit 90 and connect them to the shuttle devices 7 to orient the moving lash or stack them on rollers 99, from which the inventory rails will be laid in the middle of the path. The train begins to move, and the inventory rails are moved to specialized moving units for transporting rail lashes 110 or in the middle of the track. When approaching the place of installation, jointless lashes 9 are pulled in direction 4 along tunnel 81 and heated 82, if necessary, to the optimum fixing temperature. The train is moved (see Figs. 3, 4), the lashes 9 are laid on the rail fastener 24, connected to the track rails by rail plates and the laid lashes are fixed on the anchor section. Next, the process is performed with constant movement of the main part of the train (see Fig. 3, 4) with stops for fixing the rails on the anchor sections from the movable unit 100. When using rail fastening 24, which secures the rails 92 in motion, the train (see Fig. 3, 4) they stop only at the end of the rail whip 9. After passing the train, the rails are fixed completely and begin to straighten and straighten the track to operational indicators.

To replace only rail lashes, the process is carried out similarly, only instead of cleaning inventory rails 12, 13, old rail lashes are removed. A laying crane 30, a cover platform 40, and specialized moving units for transporting a rail sleeper 50, 60 are excluded from the train.

To implement the method in short “windows” it is allowed to put the removed rail lashes or inventory rails with lashes in the middle of the path. Special mobile units for transporting rail lashes 110 are excluded from the train. When the train moves in the opposite direction, the previously removed and laid in the middle of the path lashes are loaded in the opposite stacking order 1. Either the lashes are removed in the laying direction 1 from the middle of the path onto the mobile units for transporting rail lashes 110 with the help of a hitch 112 and a specialized mobile unit 100 (the latter, in the direction of installation, from a system of specialized mobile units for laying and cleaning rail lashes track-laying train). The last cleaning method is applicable when it is necessary to fasten the rails 9 to the sleepers 20 in a short period of time.

The process of dismantling the upper structure of the track is performed in the reverse order when the train moves in the opposite direction. Previously, the train is loaded with lashes from inventory rails and rails, on which there are no devices for orienting sleepers along the stacking plot. When the train moves with the dumps 55, they free from ballast the space under the base of the sleepers 20 near the ends to be able to be captured by the crane 31.

If it is not possible to use the device for heating the rails 82, a standard technology with extension of the rail lash 9 is used. For this purpose, a calculated section of the rail is inserted between the lashes during laying, which is removed after passing the train, and the lashes are pulled together and connected by welding or butt plates.

The technical result, which consists in a significant reduction in the time and cost of construction of a welded jointless track, is achieved by sequentially laying rail sleeper grids and then weldless lashes from one track-laying train in one technological pass, automating the process of laying the sleeper-sleeper lattice, once fixing the rails to sleepers, using inventory rails only for moving a lay train, using sleepers that are resistant to displacement across a track, using an original steel Bay lining for inventory rails, modernization of the lay train for transportation and laying of lashes. Small costs for the modernization of the train significantly expand its applicability.

The lay train can be used for:

- laying of rail-sleeper grid and jointless lashes in one pass;

- change of old lashes to new jointless lashes (or one lash);

- laying the link path with a typical rail-sleeper grid (25 meters);

- construction of the track with the closure of the stage;

- construction of the track with small "windows" (the implementation of individual construction operations in one "window");

- laying jointless lashes with heating to the optimum fixing temperature;

- laying of continuous welded lashes with forced change of their length.

List of sources used:

RU 2207423 Machine and method for removing old and stacking a new rail track. RU 2207424 A machine for disassembling the old and stacking a new rail track. RU 2225472 Rail Track Reconstruction Machine. TU-2012 Instructions for the installation, installation, maintenance and repair of the jointless path. Approved by order of Russian Railways on December 29, 2012. No. 2788 rub. GOST 54747-2011 Reinforced concrete sleepers for railways 1520 mm gauge. General specifications. GOST 51685-2000 Rails are railway. General specifications.

Claims (20)

1. The method of construction and repair of the jointless track, namely, that rail-sleeper grids are laid sequentially on the earthen base of the track, then rails are replaced on them for jointless whips, characterized in that the rail-sleeper grids and jointless whips are laid from one track-laying train in one technological passage , while the lattice is laid by gripping under the base from the ends of the sleepers, then when moving the train along the laid track, the ends of the sleepers are fixed with ballast, then the inventory rails are removed from the sleepers with lashes, and in place of them, straight-away lashes are immediately laid from the train, which, if necessary, are heated on the train to the optimum fixing temperature. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when repairing a weldless track, when only changing the rail lashes is performed, the old lashes or one lash are removed from the sleepers by a track-laying train, and new blindless lashes or one lash are immediately laid in their place. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the jointless path is dismantled in the reverse stacking order when the train moves in the opposite direction. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that before dismantling the rail base, the space under the base of the sleepers near the ends is freed from ballast by the amount necessary to capture them with a crane. 5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inventory rails removed from the rail base or old rail lashes are immediately laid on specialized movable units for transporting rail lashes and inventory rails with lashes. 6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inventory rails removed from the rail base or the old rail lashes are laid in the middle of the track, then they are removed from the path onto specialized mobile units for joint transportation of the rail sleeper and rail lashes when the train moves in in the opposite direction of laying, while the train is not equipped with specialized moving units for the transportation of rail lashes and inventory rails with lashes. 7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inventory rails or old rail lashes removed from the rail base are laid in the middle of the track, then they are removed from the track when the train moves in the laying direction onto specialized movable units for transporting rail lashes and inventory rails isolated from a lay train into a temporary train for the duration of lashing. 8. The method of assembling a stack of rail-sleeper grids for the construction of a welded jointless path, which consists in the fact that grids consisting of inventory rails and sleepers with a pre-installed rail fastening are laid in a regular vertical row, characterized in that a couple of rails are first laid on the roller table of the assembly stand - runners, then they are alternately stacked with sleepers according to the diagram and inventory rails without fastening to all sleepers, with each rail-sleeper grid before laying in the path is part of the stack, which They steal a layover train along the rolling table. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that on the outside of the inventory rails and skid rails stacked in a stack, pre-installed devices for fixing the sleepers on the stacking plot. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that some of the devices are made of greater height to perform additional functions. 11. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that on the sleepers in the manufacture, grooves are made on the basis of the grooves, repeating the profile of the heads of the inventory rails on which it is laid when assembling the stack, with a depth sufficient to fix the sleepers from displacement. 12. Track-laying train for the construction and repair of a continuous joint track, containing a self-propelled laying crane, crane cover platforms, specialized mobile units for transporting a rail and sleeper lattice, some of which are self-propelled, locomotive, touring cars, characterized in that the train includes specialized mobile units for joint transportation of the rail sleeper and rail lashes, a system of specialized moving units for laying and cleaning rail lashes, specialized mobile units lashes for transportation of rail lashes and inventory rails with lashes, a tow hitch for guiding the lashes when moving them from the middle of the way onto the train. 13. A specialized mobile unit for the joint transportation of a rail sleeper and rail lashes as part of a track-laying train for the construction and repair of a welded jointless track, characterized in that devices for rail lash installation are installed on the restrictive racks of the equipment for transporting the rail sleeper. 14. The movable unit according to claim 13, characterized in that the device in the form of a beam with rollers is located above the stack of rail sleeper grids. 15. A system of specialized mobile units for laying and cleaning rail lashes as part of a track-laying train for building and repairing a jointless track, containing mobile units designed to move along a rail track, one of which is self-propelled, characterized in that tunnels for moving units are installed movement and heating of rail lashes, equipment for transit movement of rail lashes, equipment for heating rails, equipment for moving rail lashes and rails gratings, winches for raising the ends of the lashes from the rail base, mechanisms for automatically securing the rails to the sleepers by rail fastening, a module for accommodating staff. 16. The system of clause 15, wherein the tunnels are mounted on carts for moving in a horizontal plane. 17. The system according to clause 15, characterized in that on non-self-propelled moving units, the side beams of the frame located between the undercarriages are set at a level higher than the height of the worker standing on the earthen base of the track. 18. A stacking crane as part of a track-laying train for the construction of a jointless track, including a lifting device, a gripping device, a manual crane control system, characterized in that a crane is installed on the crane for automatically controlling it during construction and a device for orienting the stacked rail-sleeper lattice according to the previously laid . 19. The crane according to claim 18, characterized in that the sensors in the automatic control system are oriented to devices that specify a sleepers laying diagram protruding to a greater height above the head of the inventory rail than other devices. 20. The load gripping device of a laying crane as part of a track-laying train for the construction of a welded jointless track, comprising a frame, grips for rails, characterized in that the frame is equipped with equipment for lifting the rail-sleeper grid with grips under the base from the ends of the sleepers, rollers for guiding the load gripping device when laying the rail-sleeper lattices according to the device for orienting the stacked rail-sleeper lattice, automatic control sensors, equipment for shifting extreme sleepers towards the center of the sieves and when removing the path.

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