RU2572010C2 - Kushchenkov's diesel machine gun - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to arms field, namely to diesel machine guns. The machine gun contains a stock box, a stock, a targeting device, a magazine, bullets, a trigger, a trigger cam, a butt. The stock on which a front sight, a ramrod, a magazine holder, a latch with inserted magazine with a spring for preload of bullets, is attached to the stock box. . The magazine has guides for holding and guiding of bullets. The cocking with fastened coulisse which can be lifted up or sideways is attached movably to the stock box. The stock box with the partition forms a cylinder. The trigger, the ledge and the trigger cam are spring-loaded. The switching lever with the positions "safety lock", "ripple" and "single" is installed on the box. The targeting device is attached to the stock box.

EFFECT: improvement of efficiency of the weapon.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to automatic weapons.

Known light gas weapons according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2476805, F41A 1/00; 1/02, 2013, where gas or liquid is supplied to the breech. The disadvantage of this device is the bulkiness and high weight of the device. A known method and device for generating a high-pressure gas pulse using fuel and an oxidizing agent, which are relatively inert under environmental conditions according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2145409 C1. The disadvantage of this device is the large weight, bulkiness, the inability to use for small arms. Known adjustable energy device for gas-pneumatic weapons according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2113677, F41B 11/06, 1998. The disadvantage of this device is the small number of shots fired by this weapon, as well as the high risk of its use. Known automatic weapons and cartridge for firing weapons according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2336484, F41C 7/00, F41A 7/00, 2008. In this device it is impossible to use liquid or gaseous fuel. Known gas-filled multiple-charge weapons according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2154792, F41B 11/02, 2000. The disadvantage of this device is the low firing range developed by this weapon.

Known Kalashnikov automatic rifle system (Manuals on small business. M: Military Publishing House, Ministry of Defense. USSR, 1973, p.131-134) - prototype. It consists of a barrel, pipeline, bolt, spring-loaded return spring, a piston mounted with the possibility of exposure to powder gases, giving it kinetic energy sufficient to drive the automation of the shooting system. The system requires the use of cartridges, which consist of a sleeve, a capsule, gunpowder and a bullet.

The objective of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the weapons system.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of weapons by reducing the cost of their manufacture, increasing security, reducing the cost of the functioning process.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a barrel 2 is attached to the stem box 1, on which the front sight 3 is attached, the ramrod 4, the magazine holder 5, the latch 6, into which the magazine 7 is inserted, in which there are bullets 8, preloaded by spring 9; the magazine 7 has guides 10 for holding and guiding bullets 8; to the stem box 1, the platoon lever 11 is movably attached (in this embodiment, the lever rises, it is also possible to move the lever sideways), to which the link 12 is attached; the protrusion 13 is attached to the piston 14, which is made in the form of a cylinder with annular guides 15.1, 15.2 and compression rings 16; the barrel 1 with a partition 17 forms a cylinder 18; a spring 19 is inserted inside the piston 14, which is locked in the stem box 1 by a cover 20; the protrusion 13 also engages with a hook 21 located on the stem 22 passing through the washer 23, which is attached to the cylinder of the fuel pump 24 and which the spring 25 abuts; at the end of the rod 22 is the piston of the fuel pump 26 with compression rings 27; a pipe 29 is connected to the head of the fuel cylinder 28; on the piston 26 there is a rod 29.1; in the pipe 29 there is a valve 29.2; the pipeline 29 for compressed fuel is connected to the nozzle 30 installed in the upper part of the cylinder 18; the replaceable tank 31 with fuel 32 has pistons 33.1, 33.2 included in the respective cylinders with springs 34.1, 34.2, the end adapter of the tank 31 is hermetically connected to the opening of the pipe 31.1, in which there is a spring 35 and a ball 36 forming a valve (35, 36), located at the hole 37, through which fuel enters the cylinder of the fuel pump; the trigger 38 is spring-loaded, the protrusion 39 is spring-loaded and the sear 40 is spring-loaded, the shift lever 41 (from right to left - a fuse, turn, single) mounted on box 1; the bracket 42 is attached to the pistol grip 43 having mounts 44.1, 44.2 for the butt; a gas tube 45 is connected to the head 17, inserted hermetically with the possibility of horizontal movement into the shutter 46; the catch 47 of the shutter 46 is engaged with the rod 48 connected to the hook 49 of the piston 14; at the other end is a piston 50 placed in the cylinder 51, with an opening 52 connected to the bore 2; the rod 48 is closed by a cover 53; an aiming device 54 is attached to the stem box 1, in the tube 45 there are stops 55 for springs 56 and ball 57, which form a valve 56, 57; on the piston 14 there is a rod 58 opening the valve 56, 57; the shutter moves along the guides 59 located on the stem box 1; the locks 60, 61 of the shutter 46 and the piston 14 are also attached to the box 1; the spring-loaded part 62 of the pusher is attached to the shutter 46; the locks 60 and 61 are located on the box 1 and consist of hooks 63.1, 63.2, respectively, and their corresponding springs with the possibility of snapping hooks 47, 49, preventing the reverse movement; pushers 65.1, 65.2 are attached to the rod 48, which is movably fixed to the box 1, on which there are damping springs for the shutter 46 and piston 14; a hook 65.3 and a hook 65.4, which interact with the hook 63.1, 63.2, are fixedly attached to the rod 48; the shutter 46 has a channel for gases 64; the link 12 is connected to the slider 66, movably fixed to the box 1, which engages with the hook 47 of the shutter 46 and the hook 49 of the piston 14; on the shutter 46 is a pusher with a movable spring portion 62; a spring 62.1 and a ball 62.2 form an air intake valve, the guide tubes 62.3, 62.4 serve as an air channel with a filter 62.5 at their end with an outlet through a cover 20; the link 12 is attached to the slider 66 movably with the possibility of engagement with the ledges located on the rod 48, front 67 and rear 68; moreover, the front ledge 67 is customizable, in case of firing without automatic equipment it is activated, and if the automatic equipment must be turned on, the ledge 67 is removed; the front of the lever 11 is engaged with a hook 69 located on the barrel 1; the spring 70 is put on the rod 48 with focus on the piston 50 and the emphasis of the barrel 2.

The invention is illustrated in figure 1, a, b, c. Figure 1, a shows a diagram of the appearance of the design of the device. Figure 1, b shows a diagram of a mechanism for locking the shutter; figure 1, in depicts the mechanism of the drive shutter backstage. A barrel 2 is attached to the stem box 1, on which the front sight 3 is attached, the ramrod 4, the magazine holder 5, the latch 6, into which the magazine 7 is inserted, in which there are bullets 8, preloaded by the spring 9; the magazine 7 has guides 10 for holding and guiding bullets 8; to the stem box 1, the platoon lever 11 is movably attached (in this embodiment, the lever rises, it is also possible to move the lever sideways), to which the link 12 is attached; the protrusion 13 is attached to the piston 14, which is made in the form of a cylinder with annular guides 15.1, 15.2 and compression rings 16; the barrel 1 with a partition 17 forms a cylinder 18; a spring 19 is inserted inside the piston 14, which is locked in the stem box 1 by a cover 20; the protrusion 13 also engages with a hook 21 located on the stem 22 passing through the washer 23, which is attached to the cylinder of the fuel pump 24 and which the spring 25 abuts; at the end of the rod 22 is the piston of the fuel pump 26 with compression rings 27; a pipe 29 is connected to the head of the fuel cylinder 28; on the piston 26 there is a rod 29.1; in the pipe 29 there is a valve 29.2; the pipeline 29 for compressed fuel is connected to the nozzle 30; installed in the upper part of the cylinder 18; the replaceable tank 31 with fuel 32 has pistons 33.1, 33.2 included in the respective cylinders with springs 34.1, 34.2, the end adapter of the tank 31 is hermetically connected to the opening of the pipe 31.1, in which there is a spring 35 and a ball 36 forming a valve (35, 36), located at the hole 37, through which fuel enters the cylinder of the fuel pump; the trigger 38 is spring-loaded, the protrusion 39 is spring-loaded and the sear 40 is spring-loaded, the shift lever 41 (from right to left - a fuse, turn, single) mounted on box 1; the bracket 42 is attached to the pistol grip 43 having mounts 44.1, 44.2 for the butt; a gas tube 45 is connected to the head 17, inserted hermetically with the possibility of horizontal movement into the shutter 46; the catch 47 of the shutter 46 is engaged with the rod 48 connected to the hook 49 of the piston 14; at the other end is a piston 50 placed in the cylinder 51, an opening 52 connected to the bore 2; the rod 48 is closed by a cover 53; an aiming device 54 is attached to the stem box 1, in the tube 45 there are stops 55 for springs 56 and ball 57, which form a valve 56, 57; on the piston 14 there is a rod 58 opening the valve 56, 57; the shutter moves along the guides 59 located on the stem box 1; the locks 60, 61 of the shutter 46 and the piston 14 are also attached to the box 1; the spring-loaded part 62 of the pusher is attached to the shutter 46; the locks 60 and 61 are located on the box 1 and consist of hooks 63.1, 63.2, respectively, and their corresponding springs with the possibility of snapping hooks 47, 49, preventing the reverse movement; pushers 65.1, 65.2 are attached to the rod 48, which is movably fixed to the box 1, on which there are damping springs for the shutter 46 and piston 14; a hook 65.3 and a hook 65.4, which interact with the hook 63.1, 63.2, are fixedly attached to the rod 48; the shutter 46 has a channel for gases 64; the link 12 is connected to the slider 66, movably fixed to the box 1, which engages with the hook 47 of the shutter 46 and the hook 49 of the piston 14; on the shutter 46 is a pusher with a movable spring portion 62; a spring 62.1 and a ball 62.2 form an air intake valve, the guide tubes 62.3, 62.4 serve as an air channel with a filter 62.5 at their end with an outlet through a cover 20; the link 12 is attached to the slider 66 movably with the possibility of engagement with the ledges located on the rod 48, front 67 and rear 68; moreover, the front ledge 67 is customizable, in case of firing without automatic equipment it is activated, and if the automatic equipment must be turned on, the ledge 67 is removed; the front of the lever 11 is engaged with a hook 69 located on the barrel 1; the spring 70 is put on the rod 48 with focus on the piston 50 and the emphasis of the barrel 2.

DAK works as follows. Lever 11 drawer 12 pulls the arrow and slider 66, focus 68, hook 49 begins to move the piston 14 back, compressing the spring 19. At the same time, the protrusion 13, the hook 21 moves the rod 22 towards the rear of the machine, compressing the spring 25 until the hook 21 will not engage with the sear 40. When the piston of the fuel pump 26 moves, a vacuum is created in the fuel pump chamber, the valve 35, 36 opens and fuel 32 is opened from the tank 31 (usual - alcohol, ether, gasoline, diesel fuel, compressed or liquefied gas or carbonated - with gas dissolved in the fuel, e.g. air hom) enters the cylinder chamber under the head of the fuel pump 28. If the translator 41 (translation lever) is in the “fuse” position, then when you press the trigger 38, this translator will not allow the protrusion 39 to rise enough. If the translator is in the “single” mode, then the protrusion 39 is lifted, the latch of the sear 40 goes down releasing the hook 21 and under the action of the springs 19, 25, the piston 14 and the piston 26 begin to move their cylinders into the front of the machine. The piston 26 compresses the fuel and feeds it through the nozzle 30 somewhat earlier than the piston 14 reaches the top dead center. The sprayed fuel explodes in a compressed medium, valve 55, 56 opens by rod 58. Prior to this, when lever 11 is moved backward by means of slider 66 of stop 68, rod 48 is moved back and gate 46 is pushed back by spring 47, another bullet 8 moves through the magazine and rests against the guide 10 with the direction of the end of the bullet into the cut of the barrel 2. Then, when the lever 11 moves forward the link 12 by means of the slider 66 and the stop 67, if it is on, the rod 48 of the hook 66.3, the hook 47, the shutter 46, the spring-loaded pusher 62 pushes the bullet 8 in the chamber and yes it into the bore 2. If the emphasis 67 is inactive (that is, automatic firing), the spring 70, acting on the piston 50, drives the pusher 48 and also the hook 66.3, hook 47, the shutter 46 in the same way pushes the bullet into the barrel and locks it, engaging with a hook 63.1. In both cases, the hook 47 moves the shutter 46, which with its pusher 62 feeds the bullet 8 into the barrel 2. The shutter 46 moves along the guides 59 of the box 1 until it engages with the hook 47 in the engagement with the spring-loaded hook 63.1 (which may be several on the sides, for example two). The shutter 46 hermetically closes a section of the barrel and a bullet in it. The gases compressed by the explosion pass through the open valve (55, 56), pass through the channel 64 in the shutter 46 and press on the back of the bullet 8, which passes along the barrel 1, acquires a rotational motion due to the rifling, and flies out to the target. The gas leaving the channel 52 sets the piston 50 in motion, which protrudes the hook 63.1 with the protrusion 65.3, releasing the hook 47 of the shutter 46, which starts to move the rod spring 48 (pusher 65.1) back from the barrel, the second rod spring 48 (pusher 65.2) by means of the hook 63.2 cocking springs 19, 25, while the air necessary for the combustion of fuel enters through channel 62.1, 62.2, 62.3, 62.4, 62.5. If it was a single shot, the hook 21 is held by the sear 40, even if the trigger is pulled, the protrusion 39 “slipped” whisper. If the translator 41 was in the “queue” mode, then the whisper was released, the translator 41 prevents the hook 39 from catching on and keeps the sear 40 open while the trigger 39 is pressed, the pistons 14, 26 reverse, and the process described above takes place: a bullet in the barrel, locking the bore, the shot is repeated again. Spring 9 feeds a bullet from the magazine into the ejection zone. As one store ends, you can insert another, after the fuel runs out, the fuel capacity changes. If ledge 67 is operational, then the DAK makes only a single shot without automatic platoon, this is necessary for sniper shooting and in biathlon. In this case, the link 12 by means of the slider 66 and the front stop 67 keeps the shutter 46 closed.

Compared with known devices, the proposed diesel machine has the following advantages:

1. Allows you to reduce the cost of the production process of weapons, since they are not used shells, capsules and gunpowder.

2. Allows you to use fuel instead of gunpowder, easier to manufacture and cheaper.

3. Allows you to adjust the firing process due to the type of fuel (liquid, gaseous or carbonated).

4. Allows easier to produce ammunition without powder and cartridge plants, using standardly produced liquid and gaseous fuels.

5. Allows you to use the proposed weapon, configured for up to 7.5 J in biathlon without registration, reducing the cost of the training process.

All this leads to an increase in the effectiveness of the weapons system.

Claims (1)

A diesel automatic machine comprising a receiver, barrel, sights, magazine, bullets, trigger, sear, butt, characterized in that the barrel is attached to the barrel, on which the front sight, ramrod, magazine holder, latch is inserted into which the magazine is inserted with spring for preloading bullets; the store has guides for holding and guiding bullets; to the stem box a cocking lever is movably attached, which can rise upward or sideways, to which the link is attached; the protrusion 13 is attached to the piston, which is made in the form of a cylinder with annular guides and compression rings; a barrel with a baffle forms a cylinder; a spring is inserted inside the piston, which is locked in the stem box by a lid; the protrusion 13 also engages with a hook 21 located on the stem 22 passing through the washer 23, which is attached to the cylinder of the fuel pump and which the spring 25 abuts; at the end of the rod 22 is the piston of the fuel pump 26 with compression rings 27; a pipe 29 is connected to the head of the fuel cylinder 28; on the piston 26 there is a rod 29.1; in the pipe 29 there is a valve 29.2; the pipeline 29 for compressed fuel is connected to the nozzle 30 installed in the upper part of the cylinder 18; the replaceable tank 31 with fuel 32 has pistons 33.1, 33.2 included in the respective cylinders with springs 34.1, 34.2, the end adapter of the tank 31 is hermetically connected to the opening of the pipe 31.1, in which there is a spring 35 and a ball 36 forming a valve (35, 36), located at the hole 37, through which fuel enters the cylinder of the fuel pump; the trigger 38 is spring-loaded, the protrusion 39 is spring-loaded and the sear 40 is spring-loaded, the shift lever 41 having the positions “fuse”, “turn” and “single” mounted on the box; the bracket 42 is attached to the pistol grip 43 having mounts 44.1, 44.2 for the butt; a gas tube 45 is connected to the head 17, inserted hermetically with the possibility of horizontal movement into the shutter 46; the catch 47 of the shutter 46 is engaged with the rod 48 connected to the hook 49 of the piston 14; at the other end is a piston 50 placed in the cylinder 51, with an opening 52 connected to the bore 2; the rod 48 is closed by a cover 53; an aiming device is attached to the stem box 1, in the tube 45 there are stops 55 for springs 56 and ball 57, which form a valve 56, 57; on the piston 14 there is a rod 58 opening the valve 56, 57; the shutter moves along the guides 59 located on the stem box; locks 60, 61 of shutter 46 and piston 14 are also attached to the box; the spring-loaded part 62 of the pusher is attached to the shutter 46; the locks 60 and 61 are located on the box and consist of hooks 63.1, 63.2, respectively, and their corresponding springs with the possibility of snap-hooks of hooks 47, 49, preventing the reverse movement; the pushers 65.1, 65.2 are attached to the rod 48, which is movably fixed to the box, on which there are damping springs for the shutter 46 and piston 14; hooks 65.3 and 65.4 are fixed to the rod 48, which engage with hook 63.1, 63.2; the shutter has a channel for gases 64; the link 12 is connected to the slider 66, movably fixed to the box, engaged with the hook 47 of the shutter 46 and the hook 49 of the piston 14; on the shutter 46 is a pusher with a movable spring portion 62; a spring 62.1 and a ball 62.2 form an air intake valve, the guide tubes 62.3, 62.4 serve as an air channel with a filter 62.5 at their end with an outlet through a cover 20; the link 12 is attached to the slider 66 movably with the possibility of engagement with the ledges located on the rod 48, front 67 and rear 68; moreover, the front ledge 67 is customizable.