RU2568153C1 - Automatic gun recoil spring guide assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: claimed assembly comprises fixed guide rod with the butt and thread for lock nut, restoring compression spring shaped to accordion, lock washer, lock nut and thrust plug. Said restoring compression spring is shaped to a conical accordion with round coils of two, three and more areas. Spring coils are configured so that two, three and more adjacent coils are laid as-compressed in one plane, one in the other, while the coils of the entire spring are laid in horizontal and vertical planes in two, three and more rows. The spring is fitted on fixed guide rod the thrust against the piston frame channel.

EFFECT: simplified design and higher reliability.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to small arms devices and can be used to simplify the design and improve the reliability of the return mechanism.

Improving the return mechanism, as one of the main parts of small arms, is one of the most promising and most rational directions for increasing the combat effectiveness of the small arms complex.

A device is known for the return mechanism of a small arms - the Utes machine gun, which contains a clutch, a return spring, a connecting rod, a guide tube, a buffer washer, a buffer spring, an insert, a buffer, a pin, and a buffer body (12.7 mm Utes machine gun manual) (NSV-12.7). Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, Moscow, 1978, p. 16).

The disadvantage of such a return mechanism with a buffer device are: the complexity and unreliability of the return mechanism.

Also known is the design of the return mechanism of automatic weapons AK-74 and RPK-74, which includes a return spring, a guide rod, a movable rod and a sleeve (5.45 mm AK-74, RPK-74. Guide to the device, handling, care and saving. Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense, Moscow, 1982, p. 50).

The device of small arms is also known, the return mechanism of which is made in the form of two springs located in half-openings of parts of the bolt carrier (RF patent No. 2414667 from 09/01/2009, F41A 19/47).

The disadvantage of this mechanism is the design complexity, the implementation of the return mechanism in the form of two springs due to the separate roll-up of the parts of the slide frame to the front position.

The closest in technical essence to the invention and adopted as a prototype is the design of the return mechanism used in modern automatic production small arms AK74, AKS74 (5.45 mm Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK74, AKS74, AK74N, AKS74N) and 5.45 mm light machine gun Kalashnikov (RPK74, RPKS74, RPK74N, RPKS74N), under the supervision of N.I. Naydin, publ. No. 5/8677 chipboard, 1982, pp. 11, 48, 50).

Such a mechanism includes a return spring, a guide rod, a movable rod, and a clutch. In this case, the spring on the jointed rods is in a half-compressed state and is not straightforward. In addition, the spring has a large length, and its curvilinear position on the rods of the return mechanism leads to friction against the walls of the channel of the piston frame, which leads to seizure and rapid wear of the parts. Another disadvantage is that the movable shaft of the mechanism has significant play on the fixed shaft during operation and leads to frequent breakdowns.

This design of the return mechanism is prone to clogging during operation and requires frequent maintenance.

The proposed invention solves the problem: preventing frequent clogging of the return mechanism, simplifying its design and increasing the life of the weapon.

The goal of the invention is achieved by the device of the return mechanism with a wave-like conical compression spring in the form of an open accordion, with the spring resting on the channel end of the piston frame. When compressed, the coils of the conical spring are laid inside the other coils on the same plane. The spring, made in the form of an accordion, has greater rigidity due to the presence of a certain number of small turns, since the smaller the area at the turn, the more force is needed to compress it. In addition, the extreme thrust coils of the spring are made sharpened and pressed. In this case, a wave-like compression spring is arranged on a fixed rod and abuts against the plug of the channel of the piston frame through the restrictive washer. The spring of the return mechanism is fixed on the fixed rod, which rests with the heel in the longitudinal groove of the receiver, with a lock nut. This design of the return mechanism is simpler and more reliable, and less prone to clogging. At the same time, the coils of the spiral do not rub on the details of the mechanism, and the spring itself is shorter in length and lighter in weight, more rigid in compression. To ensure the play of the fixed rod of the return mechanism, a hole is made in the plug with a gap of a slightly larger diameter than the diameter of the fixed rod itself, which contributes to less wear and breakage of the mechanism parts and increases the life of the weapon.

Technical solutions with features distinguishing the claimed solution from the prototype are not known and do not follow explicitly from the prior art. This allows us to consider that the claimed solution is new and has an inventive step.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a General view of the return mechanism with a piston frame assembly. In FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. Figure 5 shows the details of the return mechanism: a fixed guide rod with a heel and a thread for the lock nut, a return conical compression spring in the form of an accordion, a lock washer, a lock nut, and a stop plug.

The assembly of the return mechanism is carried out in the following sequence: a spring 4 of the return mechanism with a lock washer 8 and a stop plug 6 is mounted on a fixed guide rod 3, which is installed on the end of the channel of the shutter frame 1 with a gas piston (rod) 2, and is fixed by the lock nut 7 through the threaded connection 9. The fixed guide rod 3 of the return mechanism is mounted through the longitudinal groove on the receiver with the heel 5.

The device operates as follows: in the process of firing a bullet under the influence of powder gases it moves along the barrel; as soon as it passes the gas outlet, part of the gas rushes through this hole into the gas chamber, presses on the gas piston of the rod and throws the bolt back; the spring of the return mechanism mounted on a fixed guide rod abuts against the stop plug of the channel of the piston frame and the heel mounted on the receiver, and begins to compress. In this case, the coils of a larger area are compressed to the stop first, and then successively smaller, since the coils of a smaller area have greater rigidity. Stepping back, the bolt frame with the front bevel of a curved notch rotates the bolt around the longitudinal axis and displays its protrusions due to the combat stops of the receiver - the bolt is unlocked and the barrel bore is opened, the protrusion of the bolt frame releases the self-timer lever, it rises somewhat under the action of the spring, and the self-timer whisper is pressed against the front plane of the trigger. By this time, the bullet leaves the bore. After the bullet takes off from the barrel channel, the powder gases enter the rear chamber of the flame arrester, expand and through the hole and conical bell fly into the atmosphere. The inertia bolt frame continues to move backward: the sleeve held by the ejector hook bumps into the reflective protrusion of the receiver and is thrown out. The trigger rotates on the axis under the action of the bolt frame, the mainspring is twisted, the cocking cock pulls sequentially behind the figured ledge of the trigger and under the trigger latch, and then the trigger is placed on the lower ledge of the self-timer whispering, the self-timer lever rises and becomes in the way of movement protrusion of the shutter frame. As soon as the lower plane of the shutter frame passes the window for the magazine, the cartridges under the action of the magazine spring will rise up to the stop with the upper cartridge in the bend of the magazine wall. Further, under the action of compression forces, the spring of the return mechanism is unclenched in the reverse sequence and pushes the bolt frame forward, and the bolt pushes the upper cartridge out of the magazine, sends it to the chamber and closes the barrel bore. When the shutter approaches the breech section of the barrel, the ejector hook slips into the annular groove of the sleeve, the bolt, under the influence of the bevel crack of the receiver on the bevel of the left combat stop of the shutter, and then, under the action of the curved cut-out of the shutter frame, rotates around the longitudinal axis of the shutter to the right, the shutter fighting protrusions go beyond the combat stops of the receiver - the bolt is locked. The bolt frame, continuing to move forward, turns the self-timer lever forward and down with its protrusion, removing the self-timer whisper from under the trigger self-timer; the trigger rotates under the action of the mainspring, leaves the retarder latch and becomes cocked. The cartridges in the store under the action of the spring rise up to the stop by the upper cartridge in the bolt frame. After this, another shot is fired, and the process of the mechanism is repeated.

The proposed design of the return mechanism is simpler to manufacture and reliable in operation, which determines the combat effectiveness of small arms.

Moreover, the device is applicable for the modernization of existing weapons and the development of a new piston frame with a smaller diameter channel.

The practical implementation of the proposed device of the return mechanism of small arms is not in doubt, as it is based on the use of well-known materials, devices, and technical solutions.

Claims (3)

1. The return mechanism of automatic small arms, comprising a fixed guide rod, a thrust heel, a return spring, characterized in that the spring of the return mechanism is made in the form of a conical accordion, the turns of which are round in shape with two, three or more different areas and are located in such a way that two, three or more adjacent unequal turns in a compressed state are stacked on the same plane, one inside the other, and the coils of the entire spring, when compressed, are stacked in horizontal and vertical loskosti in two, three or more rows, arranged on a stationary guide rod and rests on the face of the piston channel frame. 2. The return mechanism of an automatic small arms according to claim 1, characterized in that the emphasis of the compression spring on the end face of the channel of the piston frame is carried out through the thrust plug. 3. The return mechanism of automatic small arms according to claim 1, characterized in that for the backlash of the return mechanism when operating in the stop plug, the hole for the fixed guide rod is made with a gap.

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