RU2570932C1 - Automatic firearm - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: claimed gun can be used in development of multifunctional fire arms. Proposed structure allows the compensation for collisions of the gun moving parts and separate timed operation of the bolt and piston sections with the help of patch chain with ledges equalising the rates of the piston and breech frames.

EFFECT: maximum compensation of recoil pulses.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to weapons technology and can be used in the development of automatic small arms for multifunctional purposes.

The present invention relates to automatic small arms, and in particular to weapons automation systems.

Known automatic machines with balanced automation based on a gas engine (AEK971 [1]). The main idea of balanced automation lies in the fact that the recoil of a weapon during firing consists of a number of impulses. Of these, the first in time is the momentum from the shot itself, received by the weapon, while the shutter is still locked. Then an additional impulse follows when the bolt group strikes at the moment it comes to its rear position, and finally, an oppositely directed impulse when the bolt group comes to its extreme forward position after the completion of the recharge cycle.

AEK971 design feature is a scheme with balanced automation based on a gas engine. With this arrangement, the additional gas piston moves in the opposite direction, balancing the recoil momentum of the moving parts. The movement of the pistons is synchronized using a special gear. As a result, the shooter feels only an impulse from recoil during shots.

A known machine with a balanced movable automation system [2] (patent RU 2168142, IPC 7 F41C 3/00 from 10.20.2000), taken as a prototype, having a receiver, magazine, gas piston frame, bolt frame, shutter. The gas piston frame is made with two shock ledges - front and rear. These shock protrusions are arranged to interact with the shock protrusion made on the slide frame. Collisions of the bolt frame with the piston frame during the shot allow to increase the accuracy of fire by reducing the momentum from the recoil of the moving parts.

The disadvantages of both systems is an incomplete solution to the compensation of recoil impulses.

The objective of the invention: the creation of a design with the ability to compensate for impulses from the recoil of the moving parts of small arms and impulse from the shot itself. This problem is solved in that the design of the automatic small arms (Fig. 1) is a receiver (24), a magazine with cartridges (23), a piston (2), a bolt frame (7), a bolt (8), a piston frame (3 ), made with two shock projections - front (4) and rear (5), with the possibility of interaction with installed front (9) and rear (10) shock projections of the bolt frame (7), a piston frame (3) with a return spring (12 ) and with the lock of the disconnector (6), with the eye (11) for attaching the leading protrusion (14), the synchronizer, made in the form abornoy circuit (16) to the driven lug (15) supported on rollers (17). The braking buffer (22), rods with protrusions (19), springs (21) and cam (20) are fixed in the receiver (24). The receiver also has a trigger (13) with a delay unit.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows the main components of automatic small arms, left view;

in FIG. 2 - the initial phase of the shot;

in FIG. 3 - phase disconnection of the bolt from the piston;

in FIG. 4 - phase compensation collisions bolt and piston frames;

in FIG. 5 - intermediate phase before hitting the piston frame against the bolt frame and triggering of the trigger release delay mechanism;

in FIG. 6 - the final phase of the process with compensation for the recoil of the shot by the impact pulse of the piston frame with the piston;

in FIG. 7 - a possible placement of a pencil case with a synchronizer on the receiver.

Operation of automatic small arms

After the shot, part of the powder gases enters the gas chamber (1) through the hole and transfers its energy to the piston (2) with the piston frame (3) and the disconnector lock (6). A piston frame with a closed disconnector lock moves back with the bolt frame as a unit (Fig. 2). After the shutter frame (7) moves back by the amount of free play, the shutter (8), turning, starts to open, due to braking, at the same time, the disconnector lock (6) starts to open. The disconnector lock has a design similar to the shutter, but the lock opening angle is set twice as large as the shutter opening angle. Due to the delay in fully opening the disconnector lock (6) after releasing the shutter (8), the piston frame (3) with the shutter frame (7) continues to move. After reaching the position behind the magazine cartridge (23) while cocking the trigger (13), the kinetic energy of the bolt frame (7) is extinguished by the braking buffer (22), which consists of a housing (18) fixed to the receiver (24), rods with protrusions (19) braking buffer (22), springs (21) and cam (20). At the same time, the lock of the disconnector (6) of the piston frame opens completely and disconnects the piston frame (3) with the piston (2) (Fig. 3). The piston frame continues to move backward. The driven protrusion (15) of the synchronizer (composing chain) (16) picks up the shutter frame (7) with the shutter (8) and pushes it forward. Rods with protrusions of the braking buffer are returned to their original positions by synchronous oppositely directed compensating impacts on the buffer body (18). The shutter sends the cartridge into the chamber and locks. No shot is fired; trigger (13) is in standby mode. At this moment, the front shock protrusion of the piston (4) collides with the front shock protrusion of the bolt frame (9) and the impact pulse of the bolt frame is damped (Fig. 4). The piston frame with the piston under the action of the return spring (12) begins to move forward. Upon reaching the position of the piston frame, corresponding to the delayed impact of the trigger and ignition of the capsule and gunpowder in the sleeve, the trigger release mechanism releases the trigger (13) from the combat cock (Fig. 5). The piston frame with the rear shock protrusion (5) hits the rear shock protrusion of the bolt frame (10) with a lock of the disconnector with the completion of the cycle of connecting the piston frame with the piston to the bolt frame with the shutter at the moment of the pulse from the shot itself (Fig. 6).

Technical result

The technical result of the invention is the compensation of pulses from the recoil of the moving parts and the recoil pulse from the shot. The use of a synchronizer equalizes the speed of the piston and bolt frames to the moment of contact, which requires equal masses. The force of the primary impulse should be equal to the impact force of the piston frame on the rear shock protrusion of the bolt frame.

Information sources

1. M.R. Popenker. Assault rifles of the world. 2004 (http://www.e-reading.co.uk/bookreader.php/133025/Popenker_-_Shturmovye_vintovki_mira.html. Retrieved December 22, 2013)

2. Automatic machines with balanced automation. (http://orden-ussr-2.ucoz.ru/forum/13-66-1)

3. Patent RU 2168142, IPC 7 F41C 3/00 dated 10/20/2000 (Prototype).

Claims (3)

1. Automatic small arms having a receiver, magazine, gas piston frame, bolt frame, bolt, piston frame with two shock ledges - front and rear,
characterized in that it has a bolt frame (7) with front (9) and rear (10) shock protrusions, with a shutter (8) and a piston frame (3) with front (4) and rear (5) shock protrusions, with a return a spring (12) and with a lock of the disconnector (6), an eye (11), which serves to connect the leading protrusion (14), a synchronizer in the form of a set-up chain (16) with a driven protrusion (15), supported by rollers (17). 2. Automatic small arms according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a braking buffer (22) for the bolt carrier, including a housing (18), rods with protrusions (19), springs (21) and a cam (20). 3. Automatic small arms according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a trigger (13) trigger with a delay unit.

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