RU2675094C1 - Automatic small arms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: small arms.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to automatic small arms. Automatic small arms contains a barrel, receiver, gas vent, trigger mechanism, butt, magazine, barrel locking system. System of locking the barrel is a group of rod and bolt rod-connected with check lever axis. Check lever with its free end is connected by an axle to the rear part of the receiver, and a connecting rod with a bolt. In the forward position of the gate, the trunk is locked with a chain of check lever – connecting rod – bolt, the axis of connection of the check lever with a connecting rod is above the “dead point”. When fired, the gas piston removes the blocking group of the barrel from the “dead point”, retracts the bolt for cocking, extraction of the liner, dispensing of the cartridge. Impacts with elements of the receiver do not occur. Recoil spring installed in the handle returns the bolt, check lever and connecting rod to its original state, the gas piston is returned by its own spring.EFFECT: technical result is an increase in the accuracy of shooting, weight reduction, an increase in the service life of automatic components for automatic small arms.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Automatic small arms

The invention relates to the field of weapons and can be used in small arms.

Famous machine gun Maxim sample 1910 [Babak F.K. Machine guns / F.K. Babak. - M .: AST; SPb .: Polygon, 2006. - c. 152] / Automation of the machine gun works due to the recoil of the barrel during its short course. The barrel bore is locked using the crank arms. The trigger mechanism of the shock type allows only continuous fire. Sighting device open type, tape power.

The disadvantages of this invention are:

- significant weight of more than 60 kg;

- complex design, which makes it expensive in mass production.

Known pistol Parabellum P-08 [Pilyugin V.I. Pistols and revolvers: selection, design, operation / V.I. Pilyugtn, M.B. Ingerlab. - M .: AST: Astrel, 2010 .-- p. 17-20], with high reliability. The operation of the Parbellum P 08 automation is ensured by the recoil with a short barrel stroke. The locking mechanism of the pistol is a type of crank mechanism, in which the shutter plays the role of a slider. In the locked position, the hinge is slightly below the dead center, abutting the lateral cylindrical protrusions of the crank in the upper ends of the walls of the receiver. Thus, the bolt locks the barrel, resting on the "connecting rod-crank" line in the receiver.

The disadvantages of the gun are:

- in fact, the external location of the bolt and trigger mechanism, make weapons extremely sensitive to contamination;

- when fired, the bloodworm and the connecting rod rise up and go beyond the dimensions of the gun;

- in the design of the P-08 pistol there are many parts of complex shape, which makes it expensive in mass production.

The prototype of the invention is, standing in service, Kalashnikov AK-74 M [Shunkov V.N. Encyclopedia of the latest small arms / V.N. Shunkov. Edited by A.E. Taras. - M .: ACT, Mn .: Harvest, 2006 .-- p. 149].

The operation of AK-47M automation is based on the removal of powder gases from the bore. When fired, powder gases flow through a hole in the wall of the barrel into a gas engine. The piston moves back under the pressure of the gases, its rod, rigidly connected with the bolt frame, pushes it into the rear position. The bolt frame, rotates the bolt, and the barrel is unlocked. A movable bolt group, having a weight of 520 g, moves backward at a speed of 3.5-4 m / s and hits the back wall of the receiver and transfers the kinetic energy to the receiver, which adds up to the recoil momentum. After that, the return spring moves the bolt frame and bolt forward, and the movable bolt group strikes the front of the receiver again. These impacts lead to vibration of the weapon, adversely affect accuracy and increase dispersion, and also increase the recoil momentum to 20%.

The disadvantages of this machine are:

- insufficient accuracy due to the operation of shock-type automation;

- a large weight of the weapon, due to the length of the receiver;

- significant mass of the movable bolt group.

The technical result of the invention are:

- improving accuracy;

- reduction in the mass of weapons;

- smooth locking and unlocking of the bore, the absence of bounce of the shutter from the hemp of the trunk;

- weight reduction is achieved by reducing the length of the receiver, as well as reducing the mass of the movable bolt group;

- reducing the length of the weapon by reducing the length of the receiver.

The proposed system for locking the bore with lever-articulated levers is reliable, has a long resource; unlocking and locking the barrel occurs smoothly, without shock, when the pressure of the powder gases in the bore is reduced to a safe pressure.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the barrel channel locking system consists of a bolt and connecting rod levers, including a bloodworm and a connecting rod, interconnected by an axis, an arc end of a bloodworm connected by an axis in the rear with the receiver, the bolt is connected by an axis to the front of the connecting rod and is located the shutter above the magazine in front of the receiver, the gas engine is mounted on top of the barrel, the gas engine rod enters the top of the receiver and has an inclined surface at the end, a return spring current is above the barrel, and return the shutter spring is mounted in the handle of the fire control.

In the design of weapons, it is possible to replace bloodworms with a crankshaft, which will reduce the length of the receiver.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of an automatic small arms, which consists of a receiver 1, barrel 2, gas engine 3, sights 4, butt 5, as well as fire control knob 6 and shutter handle 7, store 8.

In FIG. 2 shows a section through the receiver 1 when the bolt 9 is in the forward position. The barrel bore 2 is locked by connecting rod arms consisting of a bloodworm 10 connected by an axis 11 to a receiver 1 and a connecting rod 12 connected by an axis 13 to a bolt 9. The crank 10 is connected by an axis 14 to a connecting rod 12.

The return spring 15 of the shutter 9 is installed in the fire control handle 6. The mechanism for unlocking the bore 2 is a gas engine 3, as with an AK-47M machine (the piston of the gas engine is not shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), the rod 16 has an inclined end plane 17. Above the barrel 2, a return spring 18 of the rod 16 is installed. The rod 16 has a protrusion 19, which is located in the longitudinal groove 20 of the shutter 9. In FIG. 3 shows a section through the receiver 1 when the piston of the gas engine 3 and the rod 16 have stopped in the rearward position. Shown barrel 2, fire control handle 6, shutter 9 in the rearward position of the receiver 1, bloodworm 10 and connecting rod 12 in the folded position. At the end of the rod 16, an inclined surface 17 and a return spring 18 of the rod 16 are visible.

We take up a weapon in our hands and pull the handle 7 of the rear end, which is located on top of the receiver. The handle 7 has a “T” shape similar to the M16 rifle and remains stationary during firing. In this case, the rod 16 will also move backward and compress the return spring 18. With the start of the handle 6 movement, the rod 16 will move backward, which presses the crank 10 with the inclined surface 17 and the axis 14 connecting the crank 10 with the connecting rod 12 will lower down until unlocking of the barrel 2 will occur. The necessary movement of the rod 16 back until the barrel is fully unlocked is about 10 mm. After moving the rod 16 to the specified distance, located in the longitudinal groove of the shutter 9, the stop 19 also moves 10 mm, is in contact with the shutter 9 and the shutter 9 moves back until the rod 16 reaches its extreme rear position. The movement of the rod 16 back is stopped by a piston, which is in contact with the stop.

Spring 15 and spring 18 are compressed as much as possible. The axis 14, connecting the bloodworm 10 and the connecting rod 12, is as far down as possible. When the shutter 9 moves backward in the trigger mechanism, cocking is triggered (trigger mechanism in the drawing is not shown).

We release the handle 7. The spring 18 of the gas engine 3 moves the rod 16 forward together with the piston installed in the gas engine 3. The return spring 15 installed in the fire control handle 6 will turn the crank 10 on the axis 11 and accelerate the movement of the shutter 9 to the front of the barrel boxes. In this case, the cartridge is removed from the store and sent to the chamber.

As soon as the bolt 9 takes its forward position, the axis 14 connecting the bloodworm 10 and the connecting rod 12 passes the “dead center” and the bolt 9 locks the barrel channel along the bolt line 9, the connecting rod 12, the bloodworm 10 and the receiver 1.

When you pull the trigger, a shot occurs.

Unlocking the bore produces a gas engine 3.

The operation of the gas engine 3 is similar to a Kalashnikov assault rifle. Powdered gases accelerate the bullet along the bore 2 forward until it passes through the hole in the bore 2. Part of the powder gases enters through the bore in the wall of the bore 2 to the gas engine 3. The gas engine 3 piston with rod 16 under the influence of the pressure of the powder gases will begin to move backward and will compress the return spring 18. At the same time, inside the receiver 1, the rod 16 with its inclined surface 17 acts on the bloodworm 10 and the axis 14 and the connecting rod 12 will fall down. Axis 14 passes the “dead center” and the bore is unlocked.

The pressure of the powder gases in the gas engine 3 presses on the piston with the rod 16, which moves back inside the receiver, unlocking occurs. barrel 2 and the shutter 9 with acceleration moves to the rear of the receiver until the piston reaches the stop, and after that the rod 16 will stop in its extreme rear position. After this, the shutter 9 still moves back about 10 mm by inertia. This shutter position 9 is shown in FIG. 3. In addition to the pressure of the powder gases acting on the piston in the gas engine 3, which unlocks the bore and moves the rod and the shutter 9 back, the shutter 9 is affected by the residual pressure of the powder gases in the bore 2. These forces add up, which ensures reliable operation of the automatic weapons . The movement of the shutter 9 forward is also provided by the efforts of two springs 15 and 18. At the end of the path, the shutter 9 locks the bore of the barrel 2, as described above.

Claims (2)

1. Automatic small arms having a barrel, receiver, gas vent, barrel locking system, trigger mechanism, sighting device, butt, magazine, characterized in that the barrel locking system consists of a bolt and connecting rod arms, including bloodworm and connecting rod connected by an axis, the other end of the bloodworm is connected by an axis in the rear to the receiver, the bolt is connected by an axis to the front of the connecting rod and the bolt is located above the magazine in front of the receiver ki, the gas engine is mounted on top of the barrel, the gas engine rod enters the upper part of the receiver and has an inclined surface at the end, the rod return spring is located above the barrel, and the gate return spring is installed in the fire control handle. 2. Automatic small arms according to claim 1, characterized in that instead of bloodworms, a crankshaft can be used.

Images