RU2168142C2 - Automatic small arms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: armaments, in particular, automatic small arms, applicable in automatic systems of such a weapon. SUBSTANCE: in automatic small arms, having a receiver with a cover, magazine, gas piston frame, breech-block carrier, breechblock, the gas piston frame is made with two breechblock lugs - the front and rear ones. These lugs are positioned for engagement with the breechblock lug made on the breechblock carrier. EFFECT: enhanced close grouping of shots due to reduced recoil momentum of the movable parts and recoil momentum caused by a shot. 4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to automatic small arms, and in particular to automation systems for such weapons.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy of fire from unstable positions in the automatic firing mode.

 Known machine (AI-94 [1]), operating on the principle of accumulation of recoil momentum. The automation of this machine operates due to the energy of part of the powder gases discharged when fired from the barrel. The barrel and receiver are mounted on a carriage, which, when returning, departs along the guides. The increase in accuracy is achieved due to the fact that at the time of the first shot the moving parts of this system begin to move backward. During movement, the spent cartridge case is extracted, the next cartridge is sent to the barrel chamber from a special shelf and the next shot is fired at a high rate. The moving parts come to their extreme rearward position, and the total impulse from two shots affects the shooter. The next shots of the line are fired at a normal pace, like from an ordinary machine gun. After the turn of the queue, the barrel, the receiver with the mechanisms located in it move forward.

 The disadvantages of this machine are its excessive complexity, as well as the fact that the increase in accuracy is achieved only when the first two shots are fired.

 The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a machine with balanced automation (AEK 978 [1]). The principle of operation of this machine with a gas engine is that at the time of the shot part of the moving parts of the automatics begins to move backward to extract the spent sleeve. The second part, which is equal in mass to the first and kinematically connected with it through a gear transmission, moves in the opposite direction and reaches the stop simultaneously with it, balancing the recoil momentum of the moving parts. The design features also include the presence of two gas pistons.

 The disadvantages of this machine is the design complexity, as well as the fact that the damping of the pulse from the shot itself is not provided.

 The purpose of the invention: simplifying the design, reducing the momentum from the recoil of the moving parts and the recoil momentum from the shot.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the gas piston is proposed to be mounted on a spring-loaded frame having front and rear thrust projections that interact with the shock protrusion of the shutter frame. Moreover, a shot in automatic mode can occur before the moving parts hit the receiver in their extreme forward position. One of the variants of the invention may be the presence of its own return mechanism at the bolt.

 The drawing shows the design of the proposed machine.

 It consists of a receiver with an insert 1, a barrel 2, a cover for the receiver 3, a magazine 4. In the receiver there is a trigger mechanism consisting of a trigger 5, trigger 6, whisper 7, translator-fuse 8, spring-loaded disconnector 9 In addition, it also houses the frame of the gas piston 10 with the piston 11, the front shock protrusion 12 and the rear shock protrusion 13, the bolt frame 14 with the protrusion 15 and the striker 16 located therein, the mainspring 17, the shutter 18, the gas pipe 19, return mechanism 20.

 The machine operates as follows. When charging the frame of the gas piston 10 together with the shutter frame 14 and the shutter 18 is manually retracted, and then under the action of the return mechanism 20 is fed forward. The shutter pushes 4 cartridges from the magazine, sends it to the chamber and, under the action of a curved cut-out of the bolt frame, rotates around the longitudinal axis, locking the barrel channel. The drummer 16 with his ledge runs onto the tooth of the whispered 6, compresses the combat spring 17 and thus becomes a platoon. To open fire in the "automatic" or "single" fire, you must set the translator-fuse 8 in the appropriate position. When you press the trigger 5, the trigger rod 6 turns the sear 7 and releases the hammer 16, the hammer under the action of its spring strikes the cartridge capsule. A shot is taking place. After a bullet passes through the hole in the barrel wall, part of the powder gases enters the gas chamber through the hole and transfers its energy to the piston 11 with the rod, the rod moving backward discards the gas piston frame, compressing the return mechanism 20. The powder gases through the holes in the gas tube 19 are pitted into the atmosphere. Near its extreme rear position, the gas piston frame strikes with its front impact protrusion 12 against the protrusion of the bolt frame 15 and transfers to it most of its energy. Due to this, the impulse from hitting the gas piston frame against the back of the receiver is significantly reduced. The bolt frame, having received an impulse from the gas piston frame, is thrown back, unlocking the bolt and running onto the disconnector 9, made in the form of a spring-loaded lever located on the trigger rod 6. After extracting the shot sleeve, the bolt frame 14 runs on the gas piston frame near its extreme rear position 10, striking with its protrusion 15 about the rear shock protrusion 13 of the gas piston frame, which, under the action of the return spring, began to move forward. Thus, secondary damping of the pulse occurs. Next, the gas piston frame, the bolt frame and the shutter under the action of the return spring begin to move forward and if the translator-fuse 3 is in the "single fire" position, they together come to their extreme forward position, while the cartridge from the magazine is sent to the chamber, the shutter closes and the drummer runs a protrusion on a whispering tooth and becomes a combat platoon. In order to fire again, release the trigger and press it again.

 If the translator-fuse 8 is in the "automatic fire" position, when the bolt is rolled back, the trigger pull and the sear are not disconnected. After rolling back the moving parts to their extreme rear position, they begin to move forward, sending the cartridge from the magazine to the chamber. The drummer does not stand on a combat platoon and runs onto the cartridge capsule and breaks it, after which a shot occurs. Depending on the design of the machine, a shot can occur both before the gas piston frame hits the receiver in its extreme forward position, and after the impact.

 Thus, in the first case, there is no impulse from the impact of the gas piston frame on the receiver in its extreme forward position.

 After a shot occurs, the bolt frame has a free roll-out of 2-5 mm and hits the stump of the barrel at the moment when the machine, under the action of the recoil of the shot, begins to move backward, thus partially extinguishing the recoil of the shot.

 When releasing the trigger, the sear is released, and the drummer, when the bolt carrier moves forward, becomes a cocking. The machine is ready to open fire.

 Literature.

 1. Soldier of fortune. N 12, 1997, with. 53.

Claims (4)

 1. Automatic small arms containing a receiver, a receiver cover, a magazine, a gas piston frame associated with a gas piston, a bolt frame, a bolt, characterized in that the gas piston frame is made with two shock protrusions - front and rear, arranged to interaction with the shock protrusion made on the bolt frame.  2. Automatic small arms according to claim 1, characterized in that the return mechanism of the slide frame is made in the form of a return spring.  3. Automatic small arms according to claim 2, characterized in that the return spring of the bolt carrier is simultaneously a combat spring.  4. Automatic small arms according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a disconnector made in the form of a spring-loaded lever mounted on the trigger rod.