RU2562647C1 - Method of steam generation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: method of steam generation is to ensure interaction of the steam-generating liquid with the heated heat exchange elements, and the said interaction is carried out using the furnace. The furnace comprises a housing with a lid and a door for loading fuel and firebox located inside the said housing, a chimney connecting the firebox cavity to the ambient atmosphere, a container with the heat exchanging coarse material, located inside the furnace housing in the vicinity of the combustion zone of the furnace. The container comprises a device for the steam-generating liquid, containing a container for the steam-generating liquid with the channel for filling liquid, an overpressure relief valve, and a steam removal pipe. And the said pipe is located so that its front part is connected with the cavity of the container for the steam-generating liquid, and the output part opens into the lower part of the furnace housing, between the furnace and the housing. At that between the furnace housing and the firebox the heat exchange elements are mounted, having the heat exchange extended surface, and in the furnace housing there are slits for the steam outflow. To produce steam, the steam-generating liquid is heated in the said container to the vaporisation temperature, then the resulting wet steam is fed to the base of the furnace between the firebox and the furnace housing, below the level of location/on the level of location of the said heat exchange elements, where it is heated and dried from the moisture particles contained in it by means of the said heat exchange elements. After that, the resulting superheated dry steam is fed to the slit formed in the furnace housing for the steam outflow.

EFFECT: steam generation with controlled temperature and moisture content, increase in the economic operation of the device.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design of furnaces and a method for generating superheated steam and can be used in the equipment of stationary and mobile types of baths, as well as for heating domestic and industrial premises.

Known furnace for a bath containing a metal body, a furnace, a chamber with stones located in it and a chimney mounted above the chamber. During operation, clean steam is obtained by pouring hot water on the stones (Patent RU 2005263 CI, F 24 V 1/24, 03/07/1993).

The disadvantage of these furnaces is the possibility of flue gases entering the steam room and the presence of large drops of boiled water brought up to 70% in relative humidity. However, it is impossible to obtain superheated steam with a relative humidity of less than 25%.

Known methods for producing superheated steam from high-pressure wet steam by separating the liquid from the steam, throttling and overheating by heat exchange with saturated steam and thereby increase efficiency (Patent SU 561048 A, F22G 1/10, 08/01/1977).

The disadvantage of this method is the need for an additional steam generator and the difficulty of stabilizing the temperature of superheated steam.

There is a known method of producing steam and a Geyser furnace for its implementation, comprising a metal case with a furnace, chimney and an open container with coarse-dispersed heat-exchanging material, said open container being placed in the upper part of the furnace from the side of the heated room, an increased pressure vessel with heat exchange is placed in the furnace coarse-grained material and a moisture-distributing device installed in its upper part, connected to the tank for the vaporizing liquid by means of a dispenser, in the specified capacity From the bottom up, a throttle pipe is built in, passing through the heat-exchange coarse material and the upper part of the furnace into the indicated open container, which provides additional overheating of the superheated steam formed in the increased pressure vessel in the upper part of the furnace and due to regenerative heat exchange with coarse material. In this case, the liquid dispenser can be made in the form of a throttle channel, or in the form of a valve with manual control, or in the form of an electromagnetic valve connected to a control unit for supplying a liquid with a predetermined time duty cycle between inclusions. Overheating of the throttled steam is carried out in the upper part of the throttle pipe passing through the furnace, and by recuperative heat exchange with coarse material in an additional container (RF Patent No. 2250417, IPC: F24B 1/24 - prototype).

The specified furnace for the bath "Geyser" works as follows.

Fuel is laid in the furnace of the metal case of the modification in question through the door and ignited. Residues from combustible fuel wake up through the grate to the blower. Hot gas generated from the combustion of fuel rises up the furnace, heats the coarse heat-exchanging coarse material in the tank and container, as well as steam in the upper part of the throttle pipe. Then the hot gas, rising up through the through chimney, heats the water tank. Gradually, the coarse-grained material is heated to (350 ... 450) ° C, heating the air in the room to (60 ... 100) ° C.

The method of steam overheating is as follows.

To obtain superheated steam, the vaporizing liquid from the tank through the throttle channel with the pipe enters the moisture distribution device. The heating of the liquid occurs when it comes in contact with a heat-exchange coarse-grained material. The resulting saturated steam rises to the top of the tank and then, as its volume increases, it seeps through the material under its own pressure, heats even more than 100 ° C and enters the inlet of the throttle pipe at the bottom of the tank. Next, superheated steam is heated in a horizontal section of the throttle pipe in the upper part of the furnace. The throttled steam enters an open container and, in the process of recuperative heat exchange with coarse material, overheats above 110 ° C, heating the room.

The main disadvantage of this method of producing steam is the following.

The vapor-forming liquid is supplied from the moisture distribution device in the form of drops or a dosed liquid stream directly to the heated coarse material. This supply leads to the fact that part of the liquid evaporates without falling into the throttle pipe, which leads to a decrease in efficiency and an off-design mode of operation of the steam generating device. In addition, the presence of a sufficiently long horizontal section in the throttle pipe leads to additional resistance when the resulting steam moves horizontally, while at the exit a horizontally moving steam must overcome the resistance of the path formed by the coarse-grained heat-exchange material.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to create a method for producing steam, the use of which will allow you to get steam with adjustable temperature and humidity, as well as simplifying the design and increasing the efficiency of the device to obtain it.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in the proposed method for producing steam, which consists in ensuring the interaction of the vaporizing liquid with the heated heat exchange elements, according to the invention, this interaction is carried out using an oven containing a housing with a lid and a door for loading fuel and with a furnace placed inside the specified casing, a chimney connecting the cavity of the furnace with the surrounding atmosphere, a container with coarse-dispersed heat-exchange material placed inside the furnace in close proximity to the combustion zone of the furnace, wherein a vaporizing liquid device is installed in said container, comprising a vaporizing liquid container with a liquid filling channel, an overpressure relief valve and a steam exhaust pipe, said pipe being set so that its inlet is connected with a cavity of the tank for vaporizing liquid, and the outlet part opens into the lower part of the furnace body, between the furnace and the body, while between the furnace body and the furnace heat exchanging elements with a developed heat exchange surface are removed, and slots for steam exit are made in the furnace body, while to produce steam, the vaporizing liquid is heated in the said tank to the vaporization temperature, then the resulting wet steam is sent to the furnace base, between the furnace and the furnace body, below the level location / at the location level of the mentioned heat-exchange elements, where it is heated and drained from the moisture particles contained therein by means of said heat-exchange elements, after four of the resulting superheated dry steam fed to the slit formed in the furnace body for steam outlet.

In an application of the method, heat exchange elements with a developed heat exchange surface are in the form of comb teeth, while the comb teeth are shaped.

In an application of the method, steam exit slots are provided between the upper part of the housing and the lid.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a furnace with a device for supplying vaporizing liquid, side view; in FIG. 2 shows a furnace with a device for supplying a vaporizing liquid, front view.

The proposed method can be implemented using a furnace having the following design.

The proposed furnace for the bath contains a housing 1, with a door 2 for loading fuel and with a furnace 3 located inside the specified housing 1. Between the housing 1 of the furnace and the furnace 3 there are heat exchange elements 4 with a developed heat exchange surface, made mainly in the form of a comb. A chimney 5 connects the cavity of the furnace 3 with the surrounding atmosphere. The container 6 with coarse-grained heat-exchanging material 7, preferably stones of natural origin, is placed inside the furnace body 1 in the immediate vicinity of the combustion zone of the furnace. A device for a vaporizing liquid is installed in the container 6, comprising a container 8 for a vaporizing liquid with a channel 9 for pouring liquid, an overpressure relief valve 10 and a steam exhaust pipe 11, said pipe 11 being installed so that its inlet 12 is connected to the cavity of the container 8 for the vaporizing liquid, and the outlet part 13 opens into the lower part of the furnace body 1, preferably between the furnace 3 and the body 1, below the heat exchange elements 4. There are exit slots 14 in the furnace body 1 macaw. A cover 15 is mounted on top of the housing 1.

The proposed method can be implemented using the specified furnace as follows.

In the furnace 3 of the housing 1, through the door 2 for loading fuel into the furnace 3, load fuel, for example firewood, and set fire. The combustion products are removed from the combustion zone with the help of a chimney 5 connecting the cavity of the furnace 3 with the surrounding atmosphere. When fuel is burned in the furnace 3, heat is generated and heat exchange elements 4 located between the furnace body 1 and the furnace 3 begin to heat up, and, as the fuel is burned in the furnace, they reach a certain temperature. Also, when the fuel is burned, a container 6 with a coarse-dispersed heat-exchange material 7 is heated, located inside the furnace body 1 in the immediate vicinity of the combustion zone of the furnace.

A device for a vaporizing liquid containing a container 8 for a vaporizing liquid with an overpressure relief valve 10 installed in the container 6 also starts to warm up.

Through the channel 9 for pouring liquid into the tank 8 for vaporizing liquid, vaporizing liquid is poured. As the tank 8 warms up, the liquid begins to warm up and form steam. To relieve the pressure of the generated steam, the overpressure relief valve 10 is used.

The resulting steam containing moisture droplets, through a pipe 11, installed in such a way that its inlet part 12 is connected to the cavity of the tank 8 for vaporizing liquid, and the outlet part 13 is opened in the lower part of the furnace body 1, preferably between the furnace 3 and the body 1, comes to the heat exchange elements 4, to their developed heat transfer surfaces. Passing due to the difference in the densities of steam and heated air through the heat exchange surfaces, the steam is finally dried and warmed up to the temperature provided by contact with the heated surfaces of the heat exchange elements. The resulting steam enters the bathhouse / steam room from the slots 14 made in the walls of the furnace body 1.

Thus, steam with the required humidity and temperature enters the steam room without large drops of boiled water, which provides comfortable conditions for staying in the steam room.

In an embodiment, the heat exchange element 4 is made in the form of a comb with profiled teeth, mainly in the form of the letter "Z". This solution allows you to increase the surface area of the heat exchange elements without increasing their overall dimensions.

In an embodiment, steam exit slots 14 are made between the upper part of the casing and the cover 15. This solution simplifies the design of the furnace casing and improves its design due to the absence of visible cracks on the surface of the casing.

The tests of the proposed furnace carried out by the author and the applicant confirmed the correctness of the design and technological solutions and the proposed criteria.

Using the proposed technical solution will allow you to create a furnace that provides steam with controlled temperature and humidity, simplify the design and increase the efficiency of the device for its production.

Claims (3)

1. The method of producing steam, which consists in ensuring the interaction of the vaporizing liquid with the heated heat exchange elements, characterized in that the said interaction is carried out using a furnace containing a housing with a lid and a door for loading fuel and with a furnace placed inside the housing, a chimney connecting cavity of the furnace with the surrounding atmosphere, a container with coarse-grained heat-exchange material, placed inside the furnace body in the immediate vicinity of the combustion zone of the furnace, while a vaporizing liquid device is installed in said container, comprising a vaporizing liquid container with a liquid filling channel, an overpressure relief valve and a steam discharge pipe, said pipe being installed so that its inlet part is connected to the cavity of the vaporizing liquid container and the outlet part opens to the lower part of the furnace body, between the furnace and the body, while heat exchange elements with a developed surface are installed between the furnace body and the furnace heat exchange, and in the furnace body, slots are provided for steam to escape, in order to produce steam, the vaporizing liquid is heated in the said tank to the temperature of vaporization, then the resulting wet steam is sent to the furnace base, between the furnace and the furnace body, below the location / the location level of said heat-exchange elements, where it is heated and drained from the moisture particles contained therein by means of said heat-exchange elements, after which the resulting superheated dry steam is sent to a slit Formed in the casing of the furnace for steam outlet. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the heat exchange elements with a developed heat exchange surface are in the form of comb teeth, while the comb teeth are shaped. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the gap for the exit of steam is performed between the upper part of the housing and the cover.

Images