RU2470230C1 - Steam generating method and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to design of furnaces and superheated steam generation method and can be used for furnishing of bath houses of stationary and mobile types, as well as for heating of domestic and production facilities. Steam generating method applied mainly for bath rooms consists in supply of steam generating fluid, mainly of water, preferably with flavoured additives, to heated heat exchange material, preferably stones of natural origin, which are located in container in close proximity to combustion zone of furnace and accumulating the heat of combustion products. Steam generating fluid is supplied inside heat exchange material, at least below its first layer, preferably below the second one, by means of L-shaped device representing at least two hollow sections adjacent to each other; at that, one section is located horizontally, or almost horizontally, and its flow section is reduced in outlet parts, preferably, the ends are plugged, the other section is located vertically or almost vertically; at that, steam generating fluid is supplied to vertical section and discharged from horizontal section; at that, in order to discharge the above fluid in the whole housing of L-shaped device, there made are channels connecting the device cavity to the cavities inside heat exchange material and/or heat exchange material itself. Device for supply of steam generating fluid to heat exchange material for steam generation is also described.

EFFECT: simplifying the design, increasing the operating efficiency of the device and obtaining the steam with controlled temperature and humidity.

14 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design of furnaces and a method for generating superheated steam and can be used in the equipment of stationary and mobile types of baths, as well as for heating domestic and industrial premises.

Known furnace for a bath containing a metal body, a furnace, a chamber with stones located in it and a chimney mounted above the chamber. During operation, clean steam is obtained by splashing hot water on the stones (RU 2005263 C1, F24B 1/24, 03/07/1993).

The disadvantage of these furnaces is the possibility of flue gases entering the steam room and the presence of large drops of boiled water brought up to 70% in relative humidity. However, it is impossible to obtain superheated steam with a relative humidity of less than 25%.

Known methods for producing superheated steam from high-pressure wet steam by separating the liquid from the steam, throttling and overheating by heat exchange with saturated steam and thereby increase efficiency (SU 561048 A, F22G 1/10, 08/01/1977).

The disadvantage of this method is the need for an additional steam generator and the difficulty of stabilizing the temperature of superheated steam.

A known method of producing steam and a furnace for its implementation, comprising a metal housing with a furnace, chimney and an open container with coarse-grained material, the open container is placed in the upper part of the furnace from the side of the heated room, an increased pressure vessel with coarse-grained material is placed in the furnace a moisture-distributing device installed in its upper part, connected to the tank for vaporizing liquid by means of a dispenser, in the indicated tank from below a throttle pipe is inserted upstream, passing through the heat-exchange coarse material and the upper part of the furnace into the indicated open container, which provides additional overheating of the superheated steam formed in the increased pressure vessel in the upper part of the furnace and due to regenerative heat exchange with coarse material. In this case, the liquid dispenser can be made in the form of a throttle channel or in the form of a valve with manual control, or in the form of an electromagnetic valve connected to a fluid supply control unit with a predetermined time duty cycle between inclusions. Overheating of the throttled steam is carried out in the upper part of the throttle pipe passing through the furnace, and by recuperative heat exchange with coarse material in an additional container (RF Patent No. 2250417, IPC: F24B 1/24 - prototype).

The specified furnace for the bath is as follows.

Fuel is laid in the furnace of the metal case of the modification in question through the door and ignited. Residues from combustible fuel wake up through the grate to the blower. Hot gas generated from the combustion of fuel rises up the furnace, heats the coarse heat-exchanging coarse material in the tank and container, as well as steam in the upper part of the throttle pipe. Then the hot gas, rising up through the through chimney, heats the water tank. Gradually, the coarse-grained material is heated to (350 ... 450) ° C, heating the air in the room to (60 ... 100) ° C.

A method of overheating steam using the specified furnace is as follows.

To obtain superheated steam, the vaporizing liquid from the tank through the throttle channel with the pipe enters the moisture distribution device. The heating of the liquid occurs when it comes in contact with a heat-exchange coarse-grained material. The resulting saturated steam rises to the top of the tank and then, as its volume increases, it seeps through the material under its own pressure, heats even more than 100 ° C and enters the inlet of the throttle pipe at the bottom of the tank. Next, superheated steam is heated in a horizontal section of the throttle pipe in the upper part of the furnace. The throttled steam enters an open container and, in the process of recuperative heat exchange with coarse material, overheats above 110 ° C, heating the room.

The main disadvantage of this method of producing steam is the following.

The vapor-forming liquid is supplied from the moisture distribution device in the form of drops or a dosed liquid stream directly to the heated coarse material. This supply leads to the fact that part of the liquid evaporates without falling into the throttle pipe, which leads to a decrease in efficiency and an off-design mode of operation of the steam generating device. In addition, the presence of a sufficiently long horizontal section in the throttle pipe leads to additional resistance when the resulting steam moves horizontally, while at the exit a horizontally moving steam must overcome the resistance of the path formed by the coarse-grained heat-exchange material.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to create a method for producing steam with controlled temperature and humidity, simplifying the design and increasing the efficiency of the device for its production.

This problem is solved due to the fact that, in the proposed method for producing steam, mainly for bath rooms, which consists in supplying a vaporizing liquid, mainly water, preferably with flavoring agents, to a heated heat-exchange material, preferably stones of natural origin located in container in the immediate vicinity of the combustion zone of the furnace and heat-accumulating combustion products, according to the invention, the vaporizing liquid is fed into the heat exchange material, at least below its first layer, preferably below the second, by means of an L-shaped device, which is at least two hollow sections articulated to one another, moreover, one section is placed horizontally or almost horizontally and its passage section is reduced at the weekend preferably, the ends are drowned out, the other section is placed vertically or almost vertically, while the vaporizing liquid is supplied to the vertically standing section to produce steam, and diverted from the horizontally standing, I eat for discharging said fluid around the housing T-shaped devices operate channels connecting device cavity with the cavities inside the heat exchange material and / or by the heat exchanger material.

In an application of the method, a vertically located section is performed with the possibility of its rearrangement from one end of the horizontally located section to the other. This technical solution allows you to optimize the design of the device for supplying a vaporizing liquid and its location in the heat exchange material.

In an application of the method, at least one branch is performed on a horizontally located section. This solution allows you to increase the distribution area of the vaporizing liquid in the heat exchange material.

In an application of the method, channels for supplying vaporizing liquid from the cavity of the specified device are formed by connecting the housing elements to each other by an intermittent weld. This solution allows you to get additional channels for supplying a vaporizing liquid into the coarse heat-exchanging material.

In an application of the method, a funnel and / or non-return valve are installed in the upper part of the upright section. The presence of a funnel allows to improve the service conditions of the device for producing steam, and the presence of a non-return valve eliminates the possibility of splashing out of the vaporizing liquid from the funnel when the specified liquid enters the heated coarse material and its instant boiling.

In an application of the method, the length of the L-shaped device is selected in the range l = (0.25 ... 0.9) L, where l is the length of the device, L is the length of the furnace.

The lower value of this ratio is chosen based on the fact that with a further decrease in it, there is a decrease in the volume of vaporizing liquid poured into the device’s body, which leads to a reduction in the time between furnace servicing and a decrease in the volume of produced steam.

The upper value of this ratio is chosen on the basis that with a further increase in it, the volume of coarse heat-generating material placed between the walls of the furnace and the device decreases, which leads to a deterioration in the thermal regime of the furnace.

In an application of the method, the perimeter of the passage section of a horizontally located section of the L-shaped device is selected within p = (0.1 ... 0.4) l, where p is the perimeter of the passage section, l is the length of the device.

The lower value of this ratio is chosen based on the fact that with a further decrease in it, there is a decrease in the volume of vaporizing liquid poured into the device’s body, which leads to a reduction in the time between furnace servicing and a decrease in the volume of produced steam.

The upper value of this ratio is chosen on the basis that with a further increase in it, an increase in the volume of vaporized liquid being poured into the device case can occur, which can cause it to boil in the device case because the entire volume does not have time to leak through the channels. This also entails a decrease in the volume of coarse heat-generating material placed between the walls of the furnace and the device, which leads to a deterioration in the thermal regime of the furnace.

To implement this method, a device is proposed for supplying a vaporizing liquid to a heat exchange material for producing steam, characterized in that it contains at least two hollow sections articulated to one another, forming a L-shaped device, with one section located horizontally or almost horizontally while its bore in the output parts is reduced, preferably, the ends are muffled, while the other section is installed vertically or almost vertically, and p the whole body of L-shaped devices made channel connecting the cavity of the device to the environment.

In an embodiment, the vertically located section is arranged to rearrange it from one end of the horizontally located section to the other. This technical solution allows you to optimize the design of the device for supplying a vaporizing liquid and its location in the heat exchange material.

In an embodiment, at least one branch is made on a horizontally located section. This solution allows you to increase the distribution area of the vaporizing liquid in the heat exchange material.

In an embodiment, the channels for supplying vaporizing fluid from the cavity of the specified device are formed by connecting the housing elements to each other by an intermittent weld. This solution allows you to get additional channels for supplying a vaporizing liquid into the coarse heat-exchanging material.

In an embodiment, a funnel and / or check valve is installed in the upper part of the upright section. The presence of a funnel allows to improve the service conditions of the device for producing steam, and the presence of a non-return valve eliminates the possibility of splashing out of the vaporizing liquid from the funnel when the specified liquid enters the heated coarse material and its instant boiling.

In an embodiment, the length of the L-shaped device is l = (0.25 ... 0.9) L, where l is the length of the device, L is the length of the furnace.

The lower value of the specified ratio is selected on the basis that with a further decrease in it, the volume of vaporizing liquid poured into the device case decreases, which leads to a reduction in the time between furnace servicing and a decrease in the volume of produced steam.

The upper value of the specified ratio is selected based on the fact that with its further increase, the volume of coarse heat-generating material placed between the walls of the furnace and the device decreases, which leads to a deterioration in the thermal regime of the furnace.

In an embodiment, the perimeter of the passage section of a horizontally located section of the L-shaped device is p = (0.1 ... 0.4) l, where p is the perimeter of the passage section, l is the length of the device.

The lower value of the specified ratio is selected on the basis that with a further decrease in it, the volume of vaporizing liquid poured into the device case decreases, which leads to a reduction in the time between furnace servicing and a decrease in the volume of produced steam.

The upper value of the indicated ratio is chosen on the basis that with a further increase in it, the volume of the vaporizing liquid poured into the device case increases, which can lead to its boiling in the device case due to the fact that the entire volume does not have time to leak through the channels. This also entails a decrease in the volume of coarse heat-generating material placed between the walls of the furnace and the device, which leads to a deterioration in the thermal regime of the furnace.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a furnace with a device for supplying a vaporizing liquid, side view, Fig. 2 shows a furnace with a device for supplying a vaporizing liquid, front view, Fig. 3 is a vaporizing device in a perspective view.

The furnace for implementing this method comprises a metal housing 1 with a furnace 2, a chimney 3 and an open container 4 with coarse-grained material 5. An open container 4 is placed in the upper part of the furnace 2 from the side of the heated room. In coarse material 5, a device 6 is installed for supplying a vaporizing liquid to the heat exchange material 5 to produce steam. The device 6 contains at least two articulated hollow sections 7 and 8, forming a L-shaped device. Section 7 is located horizontally, or almost horizontally, while its bore in the output parts is reduced, preferably, the ends 9 are muffled. Section 8 is installed vertically or almost vertically. Throughout the entire body of the L-shaped device, channels 10 are made, mainly in the form of through holes connecting the cavity of the device 6 with the environment, and channels 11 formed by performing an intermittent weld. In an embodiment, at least one branch 12 with channels 10 and 11 is made on the horizontally located section 7. A funnel 13 with a check valve 14 is installed in the input part of section 8. Section 8 is installed on one end of section 7, and on the other end the fitting 15 with a plug to enable the installation of section 8 at either end of section 7.

The proposed method can be implemented using the device and furnace of the specified design as follows.

Fuel is placed in the furnace 2 of the furnace and set on fire. When the fuel is burned, combustion products with a high temperature are formed, which, passing through the chimney 3 through coarse heat-exchanging material 5, placed in the container 4, heat it. In coarse material 5, preferably, under several layers of the specified material, a device 6 is installed for supplying a vaporizing liquid to the heat exchange material 5 to produce steam. Through a funnel 13, a vapor-forming liquid, mainly water, is poured into the body of the device 6. To protect against possible splashing of water from the funnel 13, a check valve 14 is installed, which passes water into the section 8 and prevents its backward discharge along with steam.

Water through a vertically installed section 8 passes through the heated layers of heat-transfer material and practically does not heat up, while part of the water through channels 11 on section 8 falls on the inner layers of the heat-transfer material 5. From section 8, water enters the horizontally located section 7 and also through channels 10 falls on the inner layers of the heat exchange material 5.

When water from channels 10 and 11 gets directly onto the heated coarse heat-exchanging material 5, it instantly heats up with the formation of steam containing a sufficiently large number of large drops of boiled water. When passing through the layers of heated coarse material 5, from the point of entry to the environment, the steam obtained is heated further by heat exchange with the specified material, while the percentage of moisture in it decreases and the temperature rises. Thus, steam with the required humidity and temperature enters the steam room without large drops of boiled water, which provides comfortable conditions for staying in the steam room.

The tests of the proposed furnace carried out by the author and the applicant confirmed the correctness of the design and technological solutions and the proposed criteria.

Using the proposed technical solution will allow you to create a method of producing steam with adjustable temperature and humidity, simplify the design and increase the efficiency of the device to obtain it.

Claims (14)

1. A method of producing steam, mainly for bath rooms, which consists in supplying a vaporizing liquid, mainly water, preferably with flavoring agents, to a heated heat exchange material, preferably stones of natural origin, located in the container in the immediate vicinity of the combustion zone of the furnace and accumulating heat combustion products, characterized in that the vaporizing liquid is fed into the heat exchange material, at least below its first layer, preferably below the second with the help of a L-shaped device, which is at least two hollow sections articulated to one another, moreover, one section is arranged horizontally or almost horizontally, and its passage section is reduced in the outlet parts, the ends are preferably drowned out, the other section is arranged vertically or almost vertically, while the vaporizing liquid to produce steam is fed into a vertically standing section, and withdrawn from a horizontally standing section, and to drain the specified liquid throughout the body L-shaped devices operate on channels connecting cavity device with cavities inside the heat exchange material and / or by the heat exchanger material. 2. The method of producing steam according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertically located section is performed with the possibility of its rearrangement from one end of the horizontally located section to the other. 3. The method of producing steam according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one outlet is performed on a horizontally located section. 4. The method of producing steam according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels for supplying vaporizing liquid from the cavity of the specified device are formed by connecting the housing elements to each other by an intermittent weld. 5. The method of producing steam according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a funnel and / or non-return valve are installed in the upper part of the vertically standing section. 6. The method of producing steam according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the L-shaped device is chosen in the range l = (0.25 ... 0.9) L, where l is the length of the device, L is the length of the furnace. 7. The method of producing steam according to claim 1, characterized in that the perimeter of the passage section of a horizontally located section of the L-shaped device is selected within p = (0.1 ... 0.4) l, where p is the perimeter of the passage section, l is the length devices. 8. A device for supplying a vaporizing liquid to a heat exchange material for producing steam according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least two hollow sections articulated to one another, forming a L-shaped device, with one section located horizontally or almost horizontally while its flow area in the output parts is reduced, preferably, the ends are muffled, while the other section is mounted vertically or almost vertically, and throughout the entire body of the L-shaped device in The channels connecting the cavity of the device with the environment are made. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the vertically located section is configured to rearrange it from one end of the horizontally located section to the other. 10. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one branch is made on the horizontally located section. 11. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the channels for supplying vaporizing liquid from the cavity of the specified device are formed by connecting the housing elements to each other by an intermittent weld. 12. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that a funnel and / or non-return valve is installed in the upper part of the vertically standing section. 13. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the length of the L-shaped device is l = (0.25 ... 0.9) L, where l is the length of the device, L is the length of the furnace. 14. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the perimeter of the passage section of a horizontally located section of the L-shaped device is p = (0.1 ... 0.4) l, where p is the perimeter of the passage section, l is the length of the device.

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