RU2250417C2 - Furnace for bath house and steam superheating method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: designs of furnaces, methods for generating superheated steam, equipment for mobile and stationary bath houses, for heating domestic and industrial rooms.

SUBSTANCE: furnace includes metallic housing having fire box, flue and open container with coarsely divided heat-exchange material. Open container is arranged in upper part of fire box at side of heated room. In fire box there is elevated pressure vessel with coarsely-divided heat-exchange material. In upper part of said vessel moisture-distributing apparatus is mounted; said apparatus is communicated with tank for steam generating liquid through metering device. Throttling pipe passes from downwards to upwards in said vessel, through heat exchange coarsely divided material and through upper part of fire box to open container. Said pipe provides additional superheating of (generated in increased pressure vessel) superheated steam in upper part of fire box due to recuperation heat exchange with coarsely-divided material. Method of superheating steam in furnace is also given in description of invention.

EFFECT: possibility for generating superheated steam of controlled temperature and moisture content.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design of furnaces and a method for generating superheated steam and can be used in the equipment of stationary and mobile types of baths, as well as for heating domestic and industrial premises.

Known furnace for a bath containing a metal body, a furnace, a chamber with stones located in it and a chimney mounted above the chamber. During operation, clean steam is obtained by pouring hot water on the stones (RU 2005263 C1, F 24 B 1/24, 03/07/1993).

The disadvantage of these furnaces is the possibility of flue gases entering the steam room and the presence of large drops of boiled water brought up to 70% in relative humidity. However, it is impossible to obtain superheated steam with a relative humidity of less than 25%.

Known methods for producing superheated steam from high-pressure wet steam by separating the liquid from the steam, throttling and overheating by heat exchange with saturated steam and thereby increase efficiency (SU 561048 A, F 22 G 1/10, 08/01/1977).

The disadvantage of this method is the need for an additional steam generator and the difficulty of stabilizing the temperature of superheated steam.

The main task that is solved in this technical proposal is the ability to produce superheated steam with controlled temperature and humidity. This allows you to positively affect human health with superheated steam from medicinal infusions of aromatic herbs at temperatures above 110 ° C and a relative humidity of 15%.

This result is achieved as follows.

In the Geyser bath furnace, which contains a metal case with a firebox, chimney and an open container with coarse-grained material, the specified open container is placed in the upper part of the firebox from the side of the heated room, an increased pressure vessel with coarse-grained coarse material and installed in it is placed in the firebox the upper part of the moisture distribution device connected to the tank for vaporizing liquid by means of a dispenser, a throttle pipe is built in from the bottom to the top of the indicated tank, odyaschaya coarse material through the heat exchanger and the upper part of the furnace in said open container, providing additional superheat formed in the pressure vessel of the superheated steam in the upper part of the furnace and due to the regenerative heat exchange with the coarse material.

In this case, the liquid dispenser can be made in the form of a throttle channel or in the form of a valve with manual control, or in the form of an electromagnetic valve connected to a control unit for supplying a liquid with a predetermined time duty cycle between inclusions.

The formulated technical result is also achieved due to the fact that, according to the method of steam overheating in the furnace described above, saturated steam is obtained in a pressurized vessel by contacting a liquid with a heated heat-exchange coarse material with increasing pressure before throttling, and further overheating of the throttled steam is carried out in the upper part of the throttle pipe passing through the furnace, and by recuperative heat exchange with coarse-grained heat-exchanging material in an open container.

In the throttle pipe there is a sharp increase in steam speed, which is accompanied by a sound effect at the outlet of the pipe into an additional container. There is an imitation of the natural geysers of Kamchatka, which are based on the frequency of repetition of dormancy, filling the basin with water, gushing of the steam-conducting mixture and intense steam emissions with the onset of dormancy. A similar state of the furnace continues in manual or automatic control mode.

Overheating of the throttled steam is carried out in the upper part of the throttle pipe passing through the furnace, and by recuperative heat exchange with coarse material in an additional container.

Thus, a three-stage superheating of steam in the furnace is carried out.

When throttling, the Joule-Thomson effect is manifested, which consists in a change in the temperature of the gas as a result of its slow flow under the action of a constant pressure drop through the throttle. For example, when the pressure drop across the throttle is 1 atm, the temperature drop at the outlet of the throttle is (-0.25) ° С for air. In the method we are considering, a decrease in the temperature of superheated steam will not exceed (1.0-1.5) ° C, which can be neglected.

The proposed invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a General view of the furnace for the bath “Geyser”.

The furnace contains a metal casing 1, inside of which there is a firebox 2 with burning wood 3. Heating can be done with solid fuel (firewood, peat, etc.), gaseous fuel or electric heaters with a slight change in the firebox. The furnace has a door 4 and a blown 5. In the upper part there is an open container 6 from the side of the heated room filled with coarse-grained heat-exchanging material 7, and a chimney 8 passing through a replaceable tank for hot water 9. A pressurized pressure vessel is welded on one side of the casing 10 with coarse coarse-dispersed material 7. Structurally, the container 10 can be welded on three sides of the casing, acting simultaneously as a heat-shielding casing. A throttle pipe 11 is inserted through the tank 10 from bottom to top, passing through the heat-exchange coarse material 7, the upper part of the furnace 2 and the open container 6. In the upper part of the tank 10 there is a moisture distribution device 12 connected by a pipe 13 and a throttle channel 14 with a tank 15 for vaporizing liquid 16 .

The proposed furnace for the bath "Geyser" works as follows.

In the furnace 2 of the metal casing 1 of the modification under consideration, fuel 3 is laid through the door 4 and ignited. Residues from combustible fuel wake up through the grate into the blower 5. The hot gas generated from the combustion of fuel rises up the furnace 2, heats the coarse-grained heat exchange material in the tank 9 and container 6, as well as the steam in the upper part of the throttle pipe 10. Then the hot gas, rising upwards in the through chimney 8, heats the water tank 9. Gradually, the coarse-grained material 7 is heated to (350-450) ° C, heating the air in the room to (60-100) ° C.

The method of steam overheating is as follows.

To obtain superheated steam, the vaporizing liquid 16 from the tank 15 through the throttle channel 14 with the nozzle 13 enters the moisture distribution device 12. Heating of the liquid occurs upon its contact with the coarse-grained material 7. The saturated vapor rises to the top of the vessel 10 and then, as it increases its volume, under its own pressure seeps through the material 7, heats up even more than 100 ° C and enters the inlet of the throttle pipe 11 in the lower part of the tank 10. Then it is superheated Ar is heated in the horizontal section of part of the throttle pipe 11 in the upper part of the furnace 2. throttled steam enters the open container 6 and during the regenerative heat exchange with the coarse material 7 is overheated above 110 ° C by heating the premises.

Claims (5)

1. A furnace for a bath containing a metal body with a firebox, a chimney and an open container with coarse-grained material, characterized in that said open container is placed in the upper part of the firebox from the side of the heated room, an increased pressure vessel with coarse-grained material and installed in its upper part a moisture distributing device connected to the tank for vaporizing liquid by means of a dispenser, a throttle is built in from the bottom of the tank in the indicated capacity a pipe passing through the heat exchanger coarse material and the upper part of the furnace in said open container, providing additional superheat formed in the pressure vessel of the superheated steam in the upper part of the furnace and due to the regenerative heat exchange with the coarse material. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid dispenser is made in the form of a throttle channel. 3. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid dispenser is made in the form of a valve with manual control. 4. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid dispenser is made in the form of an electromagnetic valve connected to a fluid supply control unit with a predetermined temporary duty cycle between inclusions. 5. A method of overheating steam in a furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that saturated steam is obtained in a pressurized vessel by contacting a liquid with a heated heat-exchange coarse material with increasing pressure before throttling, and further overheating of the throttled steam is carried out in the upper part throttle pipe passing through the furnace, and by recuperative heat exchange with heat-exchange coarse material in an open container.