RU2603447C2 - Feringer steam generator for bath furnaces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: furnaces and ovens.

SUBSTANCE: steam generator for bath furnaces includes vertically oriented housing, formed by outer and inner shells, installed with radial clearance relative to each other with formation annular gap between them and connected to each other by ends. Steam generator housing bottom is made shaped with seat for chimney outlet connection. Steam generator housing upper part is made shaped for chimney inlet part connection. In annular gap between shells opens channel for water supply inside annular gap. Inside housing vessel is installed with radial clearance between its walls and inner shell walls, having channels for supply of water inside its cavity and steam discharge from said cavity. Said vessel cavity is connected to said gap cavity between outer and inner shells by means of said water supply channel, and steam discharge channel from said vessel passes through annular gap between shells and connects vessel cavity with ambient environment/steam consumer. In this embodiment annular gap area between vessel wall and inner shell wall is equal to or more than furnace pipe outlet part area in channel outlet part, which connects vessel cavity with annular gap between outer and inner shells, baffle plate is installed, channel for water supply into vessel is made inclined towards vessel, vessel surface is made wavy in form of alternating projections and recesses, vessel is made in form of hollow cylinder.

EFFECT: invention can be used during equipment of stationary and mobile types of baths, as well as for domestic and industrial premises heating.

7 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design of furnaces and a method for generating superheated steam and can be used in the equipment of stationary and mobile types of baths, as well as for heating domestic and industrial premises.

Known furnace for a bath containing a metal body, a furnace, a chamber with stones located in it and a chimney mounted above the chamber. During operation, clean steam is obtained by pouring hot water on the stones (Patent RU No. 2005263 C1, IPC: F24B 1/24, 03/07/1993).

The disadvantage of these furnaces is the possibility of flue gases entering the steam room and the presence of large drops of boiled water brought up to 70% in relative humidity. However, it is impossible to obtain superheated steam with a relative humidity of less than 25%.

Known methods for producing superheated steam from high-pressure wet steam by separating the liquid from the steam, throttling and overheating due to heat exchange with saturated steam and thereby increase efficiency (AS USSR 561048 A, IPC: F22G 1/10, 08/01/1977) .

The disadvantage of this method is the need for an additional steam generator and the difficulty of stabilizing the temperature of superheated steam.

Known furnace for a bath containing a metal body with a furnace, chimney and an open container with coarse heat transfer material, while the specified open container is placed in the upper part of the fire chamber from the side of the heated room, an increased pressure vessel is placed in the fire chamber with coarse heat transfer material and installed in its upper part of the moisture distribution device connected to the tank for vaporizing liquid by means of a dispenser, a throttle pipe is built in from the bottom of the tank in the indicated tank and passing through the heat-exchange coarse material and the upper part of the furnace into the specified open container, providing additional overheating of the superheated steam formed in the increased pressure vessel in the upper part of the furnace and due to regenerative heat exchange with coarse material (RF Patent No. 2250417, IPC: F24B 1/00 , 5/00).

The specified furnace operates as follows. Fuel is put into the furnace of the metal case through the door and ignited. Residues from combustible fuel wake up through the grate to the blower. Hot gas generated from the combustion of fuel rises up the furnace, heats the coarse heat-exchanging coarse material in the tank and container, as well as steam in the upper part of the throttle pipe. Then the hot gas, rising up through the through chimney, heats the water tank. Gradually, the coarse-grained material is heated to (350-450) ° C, heating the air in the room to (60-100) ° C.

The method of steam overheating, implemented using the specified furnace, is as follows. To obtain superheated steam, the vaporizing liquid from the tank through the throttle channel with the pipe enters the moisture distribution device. The heating of the liquid occurs when it comes in contact with a heat-exchange coarse-grained material. The resulting saturated steam rises to the top of the tank and then, as its volume increases, it seeps through coarse-grained material under its own pressure, heats more than 100 ° C and enters the inlet of the throttle pipe in the lower part of the tank. Next, superheated steam is heated in a horizontal section of the throttle pipe in the upper part of the furnace. The throttled steam enters an open container and, in the process of recuperative heat exchange with coarse material, overheats above 110 ° C, heating the room.

The disadvantages of this furnace are the need for an additional moisture distribution device and the difficulty of stabilizing the temperature of superheated steam.

Known chimney for a furnace mainly for heating bath rooms, containing a vertically oriented housing, preferably made of a material based on an alloy of iron with carbon, the lower inlet of which is connected to a source of hot gases, preferably the combustion products of the fuel in the furnace, the upper outlet to the surrounding atmosphere, while in the lower part of the pipe body a shell with a bottom is installed, forming with the pipe body a predominantly annular container for vaporizing liquid, predominantly water, preferably with flavoring agents, and heat exchange material, preferably stones, with the upper output part of the indicated container being closed with a lid mainly in the form of a truncated cone, and a gap, preferably annular, is made between the said lid and the pipe body, above In the immediate vicinity, coaxially with the pipe body, a cylindrical casing is installed, mainly a cylindrical casing, consisting of at least two shells, an inner and an outer shell mounted coaxially with an annular radial clearance with respect to the pipe body and to each other, the annular radial clearances between the pipe body and the inner shell and between the inner and outer shells of the casing are connected to the inner cavity of the annular water tank through the said annular gap between the cap and the pipe body while the casing from the ends is closed by profiled perforated bottoms (RF Patent No. 2490548, application: 2011109849/03 of 03.15.2011, IPC: F24B 1/00 - prototype).

The specified pipe works as follows.

The flow of combustion products obtained in the furnace of the furnace and having a high temperature is directed to the lower inlet part of the pipe body and, due to traction, rises up to the output part, while heating the chimney body. A vapor-forming liquid, mainly water, is poured into the cavity of the tank formed by the shell with the bottom, with the coarse-dispersed heat-exchange material pre-laid.

Due to convective heat transfer between the hot wall of the lower part of the housing and the water poured into the annular tank, the water is heated to the vaporization temperature and steam is formed with simultaneous humidification of the air in the lid area. The resulting steam-air mixture, consisting of steam and humidified air and having a heat capacity higher than ordinary air, rises up to the annular gap.

Having passed the annular gap, the vapor-air mixture flow is divided into two parts. One, the first, part of the specified flow through the profiled perforated bottom enters the annular gap between the pipe and the inner shell, the other, the second part, into the annular gap between the inner shell and the outer shell, filled with coarse-grained heat-exchange material.

The first part of the flow, passing through the annular gap, removes heat from the hot wall of the pipe body, heats itself further and enters the heated room. Part of the heat during movement, the specified part of the flow gives the inner shell.

The second part of the stream, passing through the annular gap, gives off heat to the coarse-grained heat-exchanging material, heats it to the required temperature and also enters the heated room.

The furnace traction is controlled by blocking / opening the passage section of the chimney using a damper mounted in the upper part of the housing for rotation.

The use of humidified air with a heat capacity higher than ordinary dry air for heat transfer processes can significantly improve the conditions of heat transfer between the working fluid — the obtained steam-air mixture — and the working bodies of the furnace — the casing, the inner and outer shells with constant fuel consumption, which ultimately allows increase the efficiency of the furnace.

The disadvantages of this solution are the complexity of the design, the use of stones as heat-retaining elements, which leads to an increase in the mass of the pipe, not a high efficiency.

The objective of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages and create a steam generator for the furnace, the design of which will increase the heat transfer of the combustion products of fuel, simplify the design of the device for producing steam and significantly increase the operating time of the furnace with constant fuel consumption with the possibility of producing superheated steam with controlled temperature and humidity.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the proposed steam generator for bath furnaces, according to the invention, contains a vertically oriented housing formed by external and internal shells installed with a radial clearance in relation to each other with the formation of an annular gap between them and interconnected at the ends, and the lower part of the steam generator casing is made profiled with a seat for docking with the outlet of the chimney, while the upper part of the steam generator casing is made shaped to dock with the inlet of the chimney, and in the annular gap between the shells opens a channel for supplying water inside the annular gap, while inside the body is installed with a radial gap between its walls and the walls of the inner shell of a container having channels for supplying water into its cavity and outlet steam from said cavity, wherein the cavity of said container is connected to the cavity of said gap between the outer and inner shells using said channel for supplying water, and the channel for draining pa of said container passes through the annular gap between shells of the container and connects the cavity with the environment / steam consumer.

In an embodiment, the annular gap between the vessel wall and the wall of the inner shell is equal to or greater than the area of the outlet part of the chimney.

In an embodiment, a chipper is installed in the outlet of the channel connecting the cavity of the tank with the annular gap between the outer and inner shells.

In the embodiment, in the output part of the channel connecting the cavity of the tank with the annular gap between the outer and inner shells, perpendicular to the axis of the casing of the steam generator, a chipper is installed.

In an embodiment, the channel for supplying water into the cavity of the container is made inclined toward the container.

In an embodiment, the surface of the container is made wavy, in the form of alternating protrusions and depressions.

In an embodiment, the container is made in the form of a hollow cylinder.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the proposed steam generator, FIG. 2 is a top view of a steam generator, FIG. 3 is a top view of a steam generator in an embodiment of a container with a wavy surface, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a steam generator in an embodiment of a container in the form of a hollow cylinder.

The steam generator for bath furnaces contains a vertically oriented housing 1 formed by the outer 2 and inner shells 3, mounted with a radial clearance in relation to each other with the formation of an annular gap 4 between them and interconnected at the ends. The lower part 5 of the steam generator casing is made profiled with a seat for docking with the outlet of the chimney 6. The upper part 7 of the steam generator casing 1 is made profiled for docking with the inlet of the chimney 8. A channel 9 for water supply opens into the annular gap 4 between the shells 2 and 3 inside the annular gap. Inside the housing 1 is installed with a radial gap between its walls and the walls of the inner shell 3 of the tank 10, which has channels 11 for supplying water into its cavity and channels 12 for removing steam from its cavity. The cavity of said container 10 is connected to the cavity of said gap 4 between the outer 2 and inner 3 shells by means of a channel 11 for supplying water. The channel 12 for the removal of steam from the tank 10 passes through the annular gap 4 between the shells 2 and 3 and connects the cavity of the tank 10 with the environment / consumer of the steam.

In the embodiment, in the output part of the channel 11 connecting the cavity of the tank 10 with the annular gap 4 between the outer 2 and the inner 3 shells, a chipper 13 is installed.

In an embodiment, the surface of the container 10 is made wavy, in the form of alternating protrusions 14 and depressions 15.

In an embodiment, the container 10 is made in the form of a hollow cylinder 16.

The proposed steam generator operates as follows.

The steam generator is installed on the output part of the chimney 6 with the lower profiled part 5. On top, on the profiled output part 7 of the casing, the inlet part of the chimney 8 is installed.

Through the channel 9 for supplying water into the annular gap 4, water is supplied to the installation level of the channel 11 or slightly lower.

Furnace hot gases enter the body 1 of the steam generator, into the cavity formed by the inner shell 3, and wash the body of the tank 10. Due to the fact that the tank 10 is installed inside the body 1, the flow of hot gases from a solid turns into a hollow annular. An annular flow of gases washes the container 10 from all sides and gives heat to the body of the container 10 and, through the inner shell 3, the water in the annular gap 4.

Due to the fact that the area of the annular gap between the vessel wall and the wall of the inner shell is made equal to or greater than the area of the outlet part of the chimney, the flow of hot gases slows down its flow rate and more intensively transfers heat to the corresponding elements of the steam generator.

The water in the annular gap 4 begins to heat up intensively and form steam. The resulting vapor through the channel 11 enters the tank 10 and is heated there further, while large droplets of steam turn into smaller ones. The resulting dry steam, without coarse droplets of water, is supplied to the steam room or to the consumer via the steam removal channel 12. Used furnace gases through the chimney 8 are discharged to the outside.

In an embodiment, a chipper 13 is installed on the output part of the channel 11, which makes it possible to distribute steam over the volume of the tank 10 more evenly.

In an embodiment, the surface of the vessel 10 is made wavy, in the form of alternating protrusions 14 and depressions 15. This embodiment of the walls of the vessel allows to increase the contact perimeter of the hot furnace gases and the heated vessel 10 by about 1.4-1.8 times with a constant passage area. In addition, profiling allows you to more intensively warm the body of the tank 10 due to the fact that the Central part of the tank is reduced compared with a solid whole.

In an embodiment, the container 10 is made in the form of a hollow cylinder 16. This design allows, with a slight increase in the overall radial or long dimensions of the container, to significantly reduce the thickness of the heated volume. In addition, a stream of hot furnace gases will wash the tank 10 not only outside but also inside, which will lead to an increase in heat transfer efficiency.

The tests by the author and applicant of a full-sized furnace sample with the proposed steam generator confirmed the correctness of the design and technological solutions.

Using the proposed technical solution will make it possible to create a steam generator for the furnace, the design of which will increase the heat transfer of the products of fuel combustion, simplify the design of the device for producing steam and significantly increase the operating time of the furnace with constant fuel consumption with the possibility of producing superheated steam with controlled temperature and humidity.

Claims (7)

1. A steam generator for bath furnaces, characterized in that it contains a vertically oriented housing formed by outer and inner shells installed with a radial clearance in relation to each other with the formation of an annular gap between them and interconnected at the ends, the lower part of the steam generator housing shaped with a seat for docking with the outlet of the chimney, while the upper part of the body of the steam generator is made profiled for docking with the inlet smoke bypassing, and in the annular gap between the shells opens a channel for supplying water inside the annular gap, while inside the body is installed with a radial gap between its walls and the walls of the inner shell of a container having channels for supplying water into its cavity and venting steam from the cavity, the cavity of said container is connected to the cavity of said gap between the outer and inner shells by means of said channel for supplying water, and the channel for draining steam from said container passes through an annular the gap between the shells and connects the cavity of the tank with the environment / consumer of steam. 2. The steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the area of the annular gap between the wall of the tank and the wall of the inner shell is equal to or greater than the area of the outlet of the chimney. 3. The steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that a chipper is installed in the outlet of the channel connecting the cavity of the tank with an annular gap between the outer and inner shells. 4. The steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that a fender is installed in the outlet of the channel connecting the cavity of the vessel with an annular gap between the outer and inner shells, perpendicular to the axis of the steam generator housing. 5. The steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel for supplying water into the cavity of the tank is made inclined towards the tank. 6. The steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the container is made wavy, in the form of alternating protrusions and depressions. 7. The steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the container is made in the form of a hollow cylinder.

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