RU2558448C1 - Method for production of vegetable oil and protein product of mixture of sunflower, flax and holy thistle seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: method for production of vegetable oil and a protein product of a mixture of sunflower, flax and holy thistle seeds is characterised by the fact that for production of vegetable oil and a protein product one uses a mixture of sunflower, flax and holy thistle seeds taken at a ratio of 1:2:2; for this purpose, seeds are cleared from impurities, washed, mixed without preliminary shelling and dosaged into the press body with the shaft rotation rate being 50-60 rpm; then expressed oil is subjected to non-recurrent purification and filtration, with freshly produced oil peroxide value not to be in excess of 2.0 mmol of active oxygen/kg; the mixture components are selected based on content of fat in seeds (so that to satisfy the required ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-6 to omega-3 equal to 10:1) as well as based on physical-and-mechanical indices such as size and density; after expression of oil from oil crops one obtains press cake rich in proteins and fats that can be used as a protein product in the capacity of feedstuff additive.

EFFECT: invention allows to enhance the quality of vegetable oil and the protein product adapted for different groups of population, improve and balance oils fatty acid content in terms of the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-6 and omega-3 , extend storage life, decrease production facilities area due to usage of a press enabling simultaneous performance of the initial components milling and mixing operations, organise a nonwaste production and expand the range of ready products.

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Description

The invention relates to the food industry, in particular to oil and fat, and can be used in the manufacture of vegetable oil and protein product.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is the method "Special vegetable oil based on a mixture of flax seeds, sesame and milk thistle with a ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs (1: 3-1: 4) and the method for its preparation." [Pat. No. 2402913, IPC A23D 9/00, С11В 1/04. Special vegetable oil based on a mixture of flax, sesame seeds and milk thistle with a ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs (1: 3-1: 4) and the method for its production / Prozorovskaya NN, Guseva DA, Shironin A .V., Sanzhakov M.A., Tikhonova E.G., Ipatova O.M. - No. 2009120223/13; claimed May 28, 2009; publ. 10.11.2010], including a single cold pressing of a mixture of whole peeled flax seeds, light sesame and milk thistle in a percentage ratio by weight of 20:40:40 at a shaft rotation speed of 40-50 rpm.

The disadvantages of this method are the need for additional equipment for grinding and mixing of the starting components, the short duration of storage of vegetable oil and protein product, low oil yield, oil extraction at high temperature, which leads to the loss of valuable substances, limitation of the processed product by the amount of fat, and narrow range of products.

The technical task of the invention is the development of a method for producing vegetable oil and protein product from a mixture of sunflower seeds, flax and milk thistle, which allows to optimize the fatty acid composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) omega-3 and omega-6 in oils adapted for various population groups, to improve the composition of oils and protein product, increase their thermal stability and oxidation resistance, i.e. to increase the shelf life of the finished product, reduce the amount of equipment and floor space through the use of a press that allows simultaneous grinding and mixing of the starting components, expand the range of finished products, organize waste-free production, and improve the quality of protein products.

To solve the technical problem of the invention, a method for producing vegetable oil and protein product from a mixture of seeds of sunflower, flax and milk thistle, characterized in that to obtain vegetable oil and protein product using a mixture of seeds of sunflower, flax and milk thistle, taken in a ratio of 1: 2: 2 why the seeds are cleaned of impurities, washed and mixed without preliminary exfoliation, dosed into the press body at a shaft rotation speed of 50-60 rpm, then the pressed oil is subjected to a single cleaning, filtration , the peroxide value of the freshly produced oil should be no more than 2.0 mmol of active oxygen / kg, and the components of the mixture are selected according to the fat content in the seeds so that the required ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 PUFA is 10: 1, and according to physical and mechanical parameters, such as size, density, etc., after squeezing the oil from oilseeds, cake is obtained, rich in proteins, fats, which can be used as a protein product as an additive to animal feed.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of oil and protein product from a mixture of sunflower seeds, flax and milk thistle, to optimize the fatty acid composition of the oil by the ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs adapted for various population groups, to increase thermal stability and resistance to oxidation, which increases the shelf life of the finished product, in reducing units of equipment in the production line through the use of a press that allows simultaneous grinding and cm Shivani initial components and expanding the range of the finished product, in the organization of non-waste production.

Vegetable oils obtained from all considered crops have certain healing properties. So, milk thistle oil neutralizes the harm caused to the body by alcohol, toxic substances and free radicals, so it is simply necessary in our conditions of infected and poisoned water, which primarily destroys the liver, while vitamin E in the composition of milk thistle has an antioxidant effect. In turn, sunflower oil has a positive effect on fresh wounds and burns in the form of oil dressings as a healing agent, and is also used as choleretic for diseases of the liver and biliary tract. Modern studies have shown that eating flaxseed oil reduces the risk of stroke by more than 30%, as well as diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and many others.

Protein product is a wide range of product categories obtained from seeds of cereals, legumes or oilseeds as a result of any technological process (pressing, extrusion). Protein product can be used as an additive to animal feed for cattle, poultry, rabbits.

A method for the production of vegetable oil and protein product from a mixture of sunflower seeds, flax and milk thistle is as follows.

Seeds of sunflower, flax and milk thistle from loading bins, taken, for example, in a ratio of 1: 2: 2, are subjected to high-quality cleaning from mechanical and other contaminants, then sent to batchers, from where they enter a vertical conical press mixer at a shaft rotation speed of 50-60 rpm In the mixer, the starting products are mixed using a combined mixer, then the resulting mixture enters the grinding chamber, where it is crushed using sickle-shaped knives, and furthermore it is mixed to obtain a homogeneous mixture from seeds. Due to the fact that the crescent-shaped knives made along the helix pass into continuous turns of the screw, the crushed mixture is pumped into the oil separation chamber. In it, the product gradually compacts and pressure begins to increase, as a result of which extraction occurs through openings in the grain housing, oil begins to exit.

At the beginning of the dynamic molding chamber, the product finally passes from the solid phase to the viscoplastic phase, the melt of the product is squeezed out by a shaft screw and enters a conical annular gap, where it is subjected to intense action of a rotating mandrel.

For the mixture, seeds are selected that, after preliminary purification from impurities, can be put into oil processing without preliminary exfoliation. The components of the mixture are selected according to the similarity of the physico-mechanical parameters of the seeds, such as size, density, etc., as well as the oil content in the seeds, and they are selected in such a way as to balance the fatty acid composition of the oils and the ratio of omega-3, omega-6 PUFA, optimize the protein product according to the content of essential amino acids (close to the ideal protein). The ratio of components may be different depending on the purpose of its use. So, according to the recommendations of the Institute of Nutrition RAMS, the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 in the diet of a healthy person should be 10/1.

A method for the production of vegetable oil and protein product from a mixture of sunflower seeds, flax and milk thistle is illustrated by the following example.

Example (prototype).

To obtain special vegetable oil containing omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA in a ratio of 1: 4, a three-component mixture of whole, peeled flax seeds, light sesame and milk thistle is used as raw material in a percentage ratio by weight (20 + 40 + 40)% . The moisture content of the seeds is not more than 9%. For oil extraction use a press (Screw oil expeller) CA 59G. The oil is pressed at a shaft rotation speed of 40 rpm at room temperature. The yield of oil is 38%. The oil is subjected to a single purification on a vacuum filter using a belting fabric with a layer of group A perlite applied. The peroxide value of the filtered oil is 1.8 mmol of active oxygen / kg. The complex of minor biologically active components includes: tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotenoids, phospholipids, sterols, phytosterols, flavolignans.

Example 2

The seeds of sunflower, flax and milk thistle from the loading bins, taken in the ratio of 1: 2: 2, are subjected to high-quality cleaning from mechanical and other contaminants, then sent to the dispensers, from where they enter the vertical conical press mixer at a shaft rotation speed of 55 rpm. In the mixer, the starting products are mixed using a combined mixer, then the resulting mixture enters the grinding chamber, where it is crushed using sickle-shaped knives, while additionally mixing to obtain a homogeneous mixture. Due to the fact that the crescent-shaped knives made along the helix go into continuous turns of the screw, the crushed mixture is pumped into the oil separation chamber. In it, the product gradually condenses and pressure begins to increase, as a result, an extraction occurs, where oil begins to escape through the holes in the grain housing.

At the beginning of the dynamic molding chamber, the product finally passes from the solid phase to the viscoplastic phase, the melt of the product is squeezed out by a shaft screw and enters a conical annular gap, where it is subjected to intense action of a rotating mandrel.

The finished product was analyzed, the analysis data are presented in table 1.

If you take the ratio of seeds to others, then the ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 can be very high, which will negatively affect human health and can lead to a number of diseases, such as cardiovascular, oncological, autoimmune.

As can be seen from table 1, in the proposed method, the oil content in the seed mixture is higher than in the prototype, which accordingly increases the oil yield. In the freshly worked state, the peroxide value of the oil in the proposed method is less, which positively affects the further shelf life of the oil.

The proposed method for producing vegetable oil and protein product from sunflower, flax and milk thistle allows you to:

- to improve the quality of vegetable oil and protein product from a mixture of sunflower seeds, flax and milk thistle, adapted for various population groups;

- to improve and balance the fatty acid composition of oils according to the ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs;

- increase the shelf life;

- reduce production space through the use of a press that allows simultaneous grinding and mixing of the starting components;

- organize non-waste production;

- expand the range of finished products.

Claims (1)

A method of producing vegetable oil and protein product from a mixture of sunflower seeds, flax and milk thistle, characterized in that to obtain vegetable oil and protein product using a mixture of sunflower seeds, flax and milk thistle, taken in a ratio of 1: 2: 2, for which the seeds are cleaned of impurities, washed and mixed without preliminary exfoliation, dosed into the press body at a shaft rotation speed of 50-60 rpm, then the pressed oil is subjected to a single cleaning, filtration, the peroxide number of the freshly produced oil should l not more than 2.0 mmol of active oxygen / kg, and the components of the mixture are selected according to the fat content in the seeds so that the required ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 PUFA is 10: 1, as well as physical and mechanical parameters, such as size, density, after squeezing the oil from oilseeds, cake is obtained, rich in proteins, fats, which can be used as a protein product as an additive to animal feed.