RU2553844C2 - Method of outdoor transplanting stevia - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to crop production. For outdoor transplanting stevia the plants are treated with fertilisers and biological products. The seedlings are enveloped with zeolite-containing clay Bekulit saturated with 0.25% aqueous solution of magnesium hydroxide for 10-15 hours. Then the seedlings are soaked in 5-6% aqueous solution of potato starch.

EFFECT: invention enables to reduce costs and to increase the survival rate of planted seedlings.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to crop production, and may find application in planting seedlings in open ground.

There is a method in which mineral fertilizers are used in mixture with growth stimulants (Podporinova G.K., Zhuzhzhalova T.P., Zimin M.V. ., p. 33-35).

However, to obtain high-quality and environmentally friendly products, the Retardant-577 stimulator is used, which increases the cost of implementing the method.

There is also known a method in which a moist chamber is created with prepared soil substrate (patent No. 2289908 dated 12/27/2006, IPC A01G / 00, A01G 9/02).

In the known method, the survival rate of plants is not high enough, which reduces its effectiveness.

The closest technical solution is a method in which against the background of organic fertilizers use the microbiological preparation Biofit 1 by sequential spraying with a 0.01% aqueous solution of potassium Lignohumate (patent No. 2402193 dated 10.27.2010, IPC A01G 7/00, A01G 1/00 )

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that as organic matter, potassium lignohumate and Darina are used with the addition of a biological product, which increase the cost of implementing the method. In addition, there are no trace elements in the substrate that increase plant metabolism and survival due to the good development of the root system, and the process of growing seedlings is lengthy. This complicates the method and increases the cost of its implementation.

The technical result is a simplification of the method, cost reduction. The technical solution consists in the fact that seedlings before planting in open ground are enveloped with Beculit clay saturated with magnesium oxide in a concentration of 0.25% aqueous solution for 10-15 hours and immediately before planting with an aqueous solution of potato starch in a concentration of 5-6%.

The method is as follows. With a deficiency of magnesium in the soil, the root system first suffers. Therefore, the saturation with magnesium of the zeolite-containing clay Bekulit provides a high survival rate of seedling plants. If not enough magnesium is slowed down by the absorption of roots of nutrients from the soil. A weak root system limits the possibility of moisture from the deeper layers of the soil, which is of particular importance during a drought.

The zeolite-containing clay Bekulit (floodplain of the Terek River) contains a number of macro- and microelements (iron, aluminum, silicon, calcium and other elements). The main advantage of Bekulit is its alkaline reaction (pH - 9.2), which provides high survival rate of seedlings on slightly acidic soils (occurring in the foothills of the North Caucasus).

Like all zeolite-containing clays, Bekulit has sorption properties, water-holding ability, low heat transfer, prolonging ability, clay saturated with magnesium, retains moisture and heat in the root-inhabited layer, gradually saturated with magnesium solution and carbohydrates necessary for high survival.

The rationale for the selected parameters is 10-15 hours that magnesium saturation of clay Bekulit is based on experimental data obtained by soaking the clay in a 0.25% aqueous MgO solution during this time. The amount of magnesium is justified necessary for the normal development of stevia plants.

Additional soaking in potato starch (5-6% solution) is based on the need to preserve the clay solution and to feed carbohydrates in the planted seedlings with a simultaneous sticking property. Potato starch was selected because of its maximum content in agricultural products and as more affordable (starch content more than 20%). With a sufficient amount of magnesium, carbohydrates accumulated in the leaves - the main building blocks of plants, are necessary for the development of the root system. Therefore, the compounds of starch and magnesium provide a high synergistic effect on the survival rate of seedling plants.

Example. MgO was added to the crushed clay Bekulit at the rate of 25 g per 10 kg of clay. In this case, MgO was dissolved in water at the rate of 25 g per 10 liters. After 10-15 hours, stevia seedlings were enveloped in this solution, followed by soaking in starch water at a concentration of 5-6%.

The results of the experiments are summarized in table.

Table 1 Experience Options Plant height, cm Survival rate,% Dry weight, t / ha Control (without treatment of plants before planting) 56.2 82.5 3,1 Wrapping seedlings with Beculite clay (without MgO saturation) 58.6 88.3 3.8 Wrapping seedlings with Beculite clay saturated with MgO 0.1% 60.8 92.6 4.0 Wrapping seedlings with Beculite clay saturated with MgO 0.25% 61.1 93.2 4.1 Coating seedlings in starch solution 7-8% 57.9 90.1 4.0 Covering seedlings with Bekulit, on starch solution - 5-6% 58.8 91.8 4.2 Proposed 63.1 98.4 4.8

From the above data it follows that in the proposed embodiment, the survival rate of plants reaches 98.4%, which is 5-16% higher than the rest of the options. At the same time, the dry weight yield reaches 4.8 t / ha, which significantly exceeds the control.

Therefore, due to natural resources, the cost of implementing the method is reduced, its effectiveness is increased.

Claims (1)

The method of planting stevia seedlings in open ground, including the treatment of plants with fertilizers and biological products, characterized in that the seedlings are enveloped with zeolite-containing clay Bekulit, saturated with 0.25% aqueous solution of magnesium oxide for 10-15 hours, followed by soaking in aqueous 5-6% potato starch solution.