RU2549241C1 - Water treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: water treatment device includes settling tanks with thin synthetic nets for levelling of speeds of treated water, in the whole clear section of the settling tank, and also with the help of filtering chambers with substantially improved structure, with new filtering materials from polypropylene, with the possibility of performance of simple regeneration, disinfection.

EFFECT: device provides for improvement of main process characteristics ten and more times.

Description

The invention was created for many industries and relates to the field of purification of two liquids, not miscible, differing in density, with the formation in each of the two media of continuous films of different thicknesses.

There is a similar sump device with thin-layer elements of various designs and equipped with coalescing filters. The designs of these devices are numerous, and they are well presented on pages 138-174 (Roev G.Α., Yufin V.A. Wastewater treatment and recycling of oil products. - M .: Nedra, 1987. - 224 s). In this device, the main stream of purified water is divided into thin layers and passes through a coalescing filter built into the working area of the sump. However, this device has significant drawbacks: the efficiency of cleaning from oil products up to 10 mg / dm ³ , the regeneration of the fiber load is almost impossible, the complexity of the repair and maintenance work of the installation, etc.

There is a device for purifying water from oil products (a. From. USSR 1261240, 1986, chipboard, IPC B01D 25/06, C 02 F 1/40).

The device consists of installed one above the other open on top of the chambers with a layer of filter material, water seals and inlet and outlet nozzles, while the inlet pipe is installed under a layer of filter material, characterized in that they have settlers installed one above the other above the cameras, which differ in that it is equipped with thin-layer elements.

The purified water is supplied to the sumps, and then it flows by gravity through the communication pipelines, is supplied to the filter chambers selected for cleaning, tied in parallel, sequentially or in mixed modes. The quality of the purified water from petroleum products reaches up to 0.5 mg / dm ³ . However, this device has disadvantages: thin-layer elements in the sump create additional turbulence in the main working area, and also significantly increase the cost of the sump; no regeneration of the filter media in place.

The problem is solved in that in the settlers of the prototype instead of thin-layer elements, according to the invention, it is proposed to install thin synthetic mesh:

- with cell sizes of such a magnitude that, at normal operating capacity, they had hydraulic resistance h to the main flow within (0.002-0.1) m;

- set the angle t in the range from 20 to 160 degrees to the velocity vector V of water movement (coinciding with the horizon);

- work in the static - dynamic mode;

- the number of grids can be any, based on technical and economic feasibility.

According to the design, the grids can either be in a static mode or move in the plane of the installation for cleaning from sediment. The main goal of the nets is not the retention of impurities, but the alignment of the horizontal speed of the purified water over the entire cross section of the sump. The filter chambers have a different design - instead of solid grids, they used reliable multi-section frames of different designs to tightly hold filter materials such as polypropylene for pressure up to 1 MPa, infrasonic vibrators and ultrasonic emitters for regeneration of the filter material are offered. All this together significantly change the technological characteristics of this prototype.

The drawing shows a device, General view.

The device for cleaning liquid consists of sedimentation tanks 1, filter chambers 2 installed one above the other. Thin screens 3 are placed in the settling tanks horizontally, vertically and at an angle. In chambers 2 there are filter cells 4 with multilayer filter materials 5 according to TU U 16512587.002-2001, which are hermetically held by multi-section frames 6 of various designs, an infrasound vibrator 7, an ultrasound transducer 8, sampling tubes 9 and pressure gauges 10. Sumps, chambers are connected by pipelines communication 11, sewage 12. Sumps, rectangular chambers are mounted according to the calculated reliability of the steel structure 13.

The device operates as follows. The liquid to be cleaned is supplied to the sumps 1, tied up by communication pipelines 11 sequentially, in parallel and in mixed versions. The figure shows two sedimentation tanks, but in practice their number may be different, depending on production conditions. A significant advantage of these sumps is the presence in the working area of grids 3, which create a hydraulic resistance of 0.002 m or more. The nets completely block the flow of purified water, and thus equalize the speed over the entire living section of the working zone of the sump. This significantly improves the hydraulic mode of operation of the sump, and, consequently, its effectiveness. In the sedimentation tanks, a film with a lighter liquid remains, and heavy dispersed impurities sink to the bottom. Purified water by gravity will go through communication pipelines 11 to the filtration chambers, where dispersed impurities of the required size will be separated. When filtering in the chambers, an increased pressure will necessarily occur, which will be monitored by pressure gauges 8. If the pressure between the sump and the filter chamber is insufficient, then the pump located on the communication pipeline 11 will be used. When the maximum working pressure is reached, it will be necessary either to reduce the filtration rate or to regenerate filter material. To do this, the camera is disconnected from the main process, the infrasound vibrator 7 is turned on and all water is drained to the sewer 12. After several such regenerations, the chamber is filled with liquid and the liquid is simultaneously treated with ultrasonic and infrasonic vibrations with backwashing into the sewer. According to the technical conditions, it is necessary to calculate the minimum power N _min , and the maximum frequency f _{max of the} infrasound vibrator for the effective operation of the installation according to the formulas given:

- объем вибратора.where ρ is the sediment density; g is the acceleration of the force of weight, η is the dynamic viscosity of the sediment, Π is the length of the perimeter of the sediment. S _f - the area of the filter material,

- the volume of the vibrator.

With this regeneration, it is possible to turn on the filter chamber again and monitor the filtration pressure and the quality of liquid purification, since after that the chamber will again be ready for connection to the main process. Since there will be several such cameras, depending on the need, the installation will work continuously. After several regeneration cycles, a powerful ultrasonic treatment of the filter material with subsequent regeneration is assumed, which will allow disinfection and cavitation destruction of large impurities in the filter. This installation can work in an automated mode. This installation allows you to significantly simplify the design of sedimentation tanks by eliminating thin-layer elements with replacing them with cheap synthetic nets, reduce the filter layer by 10 times, and thereby reduce costs, the possibility of regeneration of filter material, increase the filtration rate by 5-10 times, and this is an order of magnitude to improve the quality of purification from oil products - up to 0.05 mg / DM ³ . By increasing the filtration rate several times, we proportionally reduce the dimensions of the device in the same amount, at the same performance. The listed advantages of the device can be called significant. This device will bring significant economic benefits when implemented, and will solve problems that have not previously been feasible.

Claims (12)

1. A device for water purification, containing installed one on top of the sumps, open on top of the chamber with a layer of filter material, water seals and inlet and outlet pipes, while the inlet pipe is installed under a layer of filter material, characterized in that the chambers are divided into filter cells with multisection frames and with multilayer filtering materials, under the layer of which one or several vibrators are installed at the infrasonic frequency, while they are selected for maximum efficiency and economy ohmicity according to the formulas of frequency and power:
f _max = (S _f · ρ · g) :( η · П),
N _min = (ΔVin ² · ρ ² · g ² ) / (η · П),
where _fmax is the maximum frequency of the vibrator; N _min - the minimum power of the vibrator; ρ is the sediment density; g is the acceleration of gravity; η is the dynamic viscosity of the precipitate; P is the length of the perimeter of the sediment; S _f - the area of the filter material; ΔVв - the volume of the vibrator, and the emitter to the ultrasonic frequency for disinfection of the exposure power of at least 2 W / cm ² . 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that filter materials are installed in the filter chambers according to TU U 311321-16512587.001-2000. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the filter material consists of one to ten filter plastics, differing in pore size and thickness, various multisection frames installed hermetically in the filter housing. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that instead of a monolayer filter, various multilayer filter materials are used, separated by intermediate frames with a thickness ranging from 0.005 to 0.04 m. 5. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that structurally the thickness of the layer of purified water above any layer of filter material is not less than 0.01 m 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that between the layers of the filter material are tubes with manometers for measuring fluid pressure and sampling. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter chambers consist of a plurality of filter cells, the number and geometric dimensions of which are limited only by technological feasibility. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the working part of the sump there are nets for a minimum hydraulic resistance of at least 0.002 m. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the settlers and / or filter chambers are located in horizontal or offset planes relative to the horizon. 10. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the nets in the sumps can have an angle of 20 to 160 degrees to the horizontal velocity vector of the treated water. 11. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the grid design in the planes of the installation allows you to move it for prevention, repair like a conveyor, without stopping the operation of the sump. 12. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the number of networks can be any, based on technical and economic feasibility.

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