RU158366U1 - INSTALLATION OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT FROM OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS USING A COALESCENT FILTER - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation of wastewater treatment from oil and oil products using a coalescent filter, characterized in that the vertical tank for collecting wastewater is equipped with a coalescent filter consisting of elements with holes of various diameters, and an intake pipe for pumping oil and oil products with an upper layer of wastewater is mounted in a vertical tank and is made with two flexible sleeves connected to the suction heads, while the heads are mounted on floats that are on the surface of the liquid.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment at gas stations, tank farms and oil collection points.

For the treatment of storm drains from the territory of gas stations, oil gathering stations, their structure should include underground treatment facilities that ensure the treatment of drains to the requirements of maximum permissible concentrations for sewage on the ground, in urban storm sewers or in fishery ponds. For these purposes, treatment facilities of both domestic and foreign production that meet the specified requirements can be used [Bondar V.A., Zorya E.I., Tsagareli D.V. Operations with petroleum products. M .: AOZT "Parity", 1999-338 s; V.G. Kovalenko V.G., Zorya E.I., Frolov Yu.N. Ecological safety in oil products supply systems and automobile transport. Tutorial. M. LLC "Center LitNefteGaz", 2004 - 176 s]. The main indicator of the operation of treatment facilities is the quality of treatment. Industrial and wastewater before being discharged from the territory of a gas station, tank farms into a city storm sewer or into a reservoir should be treated in accordance with existing regulatory requirements to a concentration of oil products of 0.05 mg / l. The concentration of suspended solids should not exceed 10.5 mg / l. [V.G. Kovalenko V.G., Zorya E.I., Frolov Yu.N. Ecological safety in oil products supply systems and automobile transport. Tutorial. M. LLC "Center LitNefteGaz", 2004 - 176 s]. At gas stations, oil depots and oil collection points, wastewater is polluted with gasoline, diesel fuel, motor oil and gear oils. All of the listed petroleum products and oil are fuels and lubricants.

materials. Oils fall into the wastewater from the crankcase of the engine, transmission units when parking cars during refueling at gas stations. Petroleum products and oil form water-fuel emulsions with water. The most durable emulsions form fuels and lubricants having a density close to the density of water (oil, oils). The research results show that when filling oil and high-viscosity oil products with a volume of 12-15 liters, the spreading area on the water surface can be up to 8000 m ² [Maksimov EA, Vasiliev IV. Study of the operation of installations for the treatment of oily and industrial wastewater. NTJ. Equipment and technologies for the oil and gas complex. M. VNIIOENG. No. 4, 2014.].

Known stationary wastewater treatment plant NPP ROSEKS [Cooper V.A., Zorya E.I., Tsagareli D.V. Operations with petroleum products. M .: AOZT "Parity", 1999-338 s]. This installation is designed for deep wastewater treatment at gas stations and tank farms. The installation consists of an oil trap, a coarse filter, a wastewater pump for treatment, a thin-layer unit, six pressure stages of purification, instrumentation, an automation and alarm unit, a tank for collecting oil products and mechanical impurities, a compressor and process pipelines.

The first stage is a thin-walled block filled with granular filter material. In the first stage, sand, solids and coarse oil are separated.

The second stage, three quarters of the volume, is filled with filter material and has a drainage layer. With the passage of wastewater through the filter and drainage layers, oil droplets coarsen and float.

The third and fourth stage are aerators. The diffusion of molecules of dissolved oil products and their flotation takes place in them.

The fifth and sixth steps are filled with sorbent material. Here the sorption of the remaining particles of petroleum products and their dissolved part occurs. The plant capacity is 5 m ³ / h.

The disadvantages of this installation when treating wastewater at gas stations and tank farms are:

1. A large number of loading consumables, which causes high operating costs and the unit cost of wastewater treatment;

2. Low cleaning efficiency of water-fuel emulsions;

3. The inability to collect petroleum products in a separate tank.

Also known installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional filtering of mechanical impurities and oil products [Matveev Yu.A. et al. Installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional filtering of mechanical impurities and oil products. Utility Model Patent No. 120963 of 10/10/2012.].

In this installation, a cone-type filter-settler with valves and pipelines for removing mechanical impurities is equipped with a wastewater receiving grate having a receiving pipe with a valve. Also, additional sumps are equipped with two filter screens, with cells of different diameters. The settling filters are connected via a technological pipeline to a wastewater collection tank into which two intake pipes are mounted: an upper pipe for collecting oil products with an upper layer of wastewater and a lower pipe for pumping wastewater. The installation includes two electric pump installations. The first electric pump installation is designed to pump oil with an upper layer of water into the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component. Then, water purified from oil products is fed into a fine filter of membrane type with increased minimum pore sizes of cells

до 200

и в резервуар для чистой воды. Эта же электронасосная установка предназначена для откачки по технологическому трубопроводу загрязненной сточной воды в фильтр грубой очистки, фильтр тонкой очистки мембранного типа и в резервуар для чистой воды. Вторая электронасосная установка используется для подачи чистой воды через заборную трубу по трубопроводу чистой воды в городскую ливневую канализацию или на грунт. Вторая электронасосная установка также служит для самоочистки фильтров тонкой и грубой очистки. После самоочистки фильтров шлам с водой по трубопроводу поступает в резервуар для шлама.filter membrane septa with 50

up to 200

and into the tank for clean water. The same pumping unit is designed for pumping contaminated wastewater through a process pipeline into a coarse filter, a membrane-type fine filter, and into a clean water tank. The second electric pump installation is used to supply clean water through an intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to an urban storm sewer or to the ground. The second electric pump unit also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters. After self-cleaning the filters, the sludge with water is piped into the sludge tank.

Installation works as follows. Through a grate for receiving wastewater, a receiving pipe with an open gate, contaminated wastewater with mechanical impurities and oil products enters the first filter sump. In the sump, part of the mechanical impurities due to gravitational forces is deposited at the bottom of the sump filter. Mechanical impurities of a larger diameter are retained by the first mesh, and of a smaller diameter by a second mesh. After passing the sump, water enters the wastewater collection tank, where it settles. After that, with the help of an electrical installation, through the upper intake pipe and the corresponding gate valve, the oil product with the upper layer of water enters the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component. Then, purified from oil products, water flows through a process pipeline into a fine filter of membrane type, and after filtration into a tank for clean water. After pumping out the oil product with the upper layer of water by means of an electric pump installation, a contaminated wastewater is fed into the coarse filter through a pipe and process pipe with an appropriate corresponding valve, then into a fine filter of a membrane type and into a tank for clean water.

Pure water from the tank is pumped out by a second electric pump installation through an intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to the city storm sewer or to the ground.

до 200

. В связи с этим повышается производительность установки со 150 л/час до 300 л/час.Additional filtration of the oil product with the upper layer of water in the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component allows you to increase the minimum pore size of the cells of the filtering membrane partitions from 50

up to 200

. In this regard, the productivity of the installation increases from 150 l / h to 300 l / h.

The disadvantages of the installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional filtering of mechanical impurities and oil products are:

1. Low accuracy of the intake of petroleum products through the upper intake pipe.

2. The ingress of a large amount of water into the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component.

3. Low cleaning efficiency of water-fuel emulsions.

Also known installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional pumping of oil into a separate tank [Matveev Yu.A. et al. Wastewater treatment plant at gas stations with additional pumping of oil products into a separate tank. Utility Model Patent No. 143110 of 06/10/2014.].

In this installation, a cone-type filter-settler with valves and pipelines for removing mechanical impurities is equipped on a grate for wastewater reception, having a receiving pipe with a valve. Also, additional sumps are equipped with two filter screens, with cells of different diameters. The settling filters are connected via a technological pipeline to a wastewater collection tank into which two intake pipes are mounted: an upper pipe for collecting oil products with an upper layer of wastewater and a lower pipe for pumping wastewater. Sewage treatment plant

water includes two electric pump units. The first electric pump unit is designed for pumping oil with an upper layer of water into a separate tank for collecting oil products. The same pumping unit is designed for pumping contaminated wastewater through a process pipeline into a coarse filter, a membrane-type fine filter, and into a clean water tank. The second electric pump installation is used to supply clean water through an intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to an urban storm sewer or to the ground. The electric pump installation also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters.

A separate reservoir for collecting petroleum products using a process pipeline is connected to a reservoir for collecting wastewater. An observation device is mounted on the process pipeline below the tank to separate oil products from water. Also, for the purpose of taking petroleum products from the tank, the intake pipe is inserted into a sealed swivel located in a pipe of a larger diameter. The length of the intake pipe is regulated by a sealed swivel.

A pipeline and an electric pump unit are designed for pumping from a tank filled with oil.

Installation works as follows. Through the grate and the intake pipe, contaminated wastewater with mechanical impurities, suspended solids and oil products enters the first filter sump. In the sump, part of the mechanical impurities is deposited at the bottom of the sump. Mechanical impurities are retained by filter screens. After passing the sump, water enters the wastewater collection tank, where it settles. Then, with the help of an electrical installation, through the upper intake pipe, the oil product with the upper layer of water enters a separate tank for collecting oil products. After pumping oil with

the upper layer of water, using an electric pump installation, feeds through a pipe and a technological pipeline with an appropriate open valve of contaminated wastewater into a coarse filter, then into a fine filter of membrane type and into a tank for clean water. Pure water from the tank is pumped out by a second electric pump installation through an intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to the city storm sewer or to the ground.

From the reservoir for collecting oil products, the settled water through a pipeline enters an inspection device for separating oil products from water. When petroleum products appear in the sight glass, the operator closes the corresponding valve.

The disadvantages of a wastewater treatment plant at gas stations with additional pumping of oil products into a separate tank are:

1. The lack of accuracy of the intake of petroleum products through the upper intake pipe.

2. Low cleaning efficiency of water-fuel emulsions.

Closest to this problem is the coalescent filter element for the treatment of oily wastewater [Maksimov EA, Vasiliev V.I. Coalescent filter element for the treatment of oily wastewater. Utility Model Patent No. 117423 of June 27, 2012]. The coalescent filter element for purification of oily water is a profiled sheet with convex sections, having holes made in the upper part of each convexity. The element is additionally equipped with annular disks, each of which has a profile in the central part in the form of a similar convex section with an opening in the upper part of the convexity. The disks are arranged one above the other in the form of tiers under each of the convex sections of the profiled sheet (for example, at a distance of 50-100 mm from each other) with the direction of convexity in one direction. The diameter of the upper hole in the convexity of the sheet

made maximum, and the diameter of the holes in the bulge of the lower annular disk is made minimal, and the disks are fixed to each other and connected to the sheet by vertical fasteners. The coalescent filter element is used as follows. The filter is immersed in water with emulsified oil in the form of drops. With the horizontal direction of the water flow, drops of oil (oil products) enter the space under the lower annular disk, into the gap between the lower and intermediate annular disks, and also into the gap between the upper annular disk and the section of the profiled surface of the sheet. Due to the lower specific gravity compared to the specific gravity of water, oil droplets rise up and come into contact with the lower surface of the lower and intermediate annular disks, as well as the lower surface of the sheet portion.

Since the annular disks are convex and arranged one after another in the form of tiers under each section of the sheet with the direction of convexity in one direction, when a drop of oil (oil products) comes in contact, they slide upward along their surface and accumulate. Thus, their coalescence occurs. Then, through the holes in the upper part of the annular disks, oil droplets flow from the space under the lower disk into the gap between the lower and intermediate disks and coalesce there. Then they flow through the holes into the gap between the intermediate disk and the sheet area, and then through the hole they rise to the surface of the water in the form of large drops. Since the diameter of the hole of the lower annular disk is minimal, the intermediate disk is larger, and the leaf section is maximum, a gradual increase in the size of oil droplets, i.e., their additional coalescence, occurs. To create a tiered design, the annular disks are fastened together and are connected to the sheet by vertical fasteners. The design of the utility model additionally increases the efficiency of water purification from oil (oil products), as the area increases

contact of oily water and filter disks, which contributes to the coalescence of oil droplets. When using a filter with the inventive coalescent elements for wastewater treatment of gas stations from petroleum products, the degree of wastewater treatment is at least 96%.

The disadvantages of the coalescent filter element for the treatment of oily wastewater are:

1. The insufficient degree of purification of water-fuel emulsions from oil and oil products.

2. The difficulty of using directly in tanks for collecting wastewater at gas stations (tank farms), with the pumping of oil and oil products with an upper layer of wastewater for further filtration.

3. Low efficiency of wastewater treatment from suspended solids.

The proposed utility model allows us to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of wastewater treatment from oil and oil products.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the vertical wastewater collection tank is equipped with a coalescent filter consisting of elements with holes of various diameters, and the intake pipe for pumping oil and oil products with an upper layer of wastewater is mounted in a vertical tank and made with two flexible hoses connected with suction heads, while the heads are mounted on floats that are on the surface of the liquid.

Coalescence is the process of enlargement (fusion) of the droplets of the dispersed phase of the emulsion with the complete loss of the separating interface. A coalescence filter is a housing with elements in the upper part of which holes of various diameters are made. Elements are made in the form of the upper part of an ellipsoid.

These signs are essential for solving the problem of the utility model, since the amount of water pumped through the intake pipe with flexible hoses connected to the suction is reduced

heads together with the oil product (oil), the amount of water-fuel emulsion in the wastewater tank is reduced due to the use of a coalescent filter, the productivity is increased, and the energy intensity of the cleaning process is also reduced.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, which depict: a section of the proposed installation and the wastewater tank with a coalescent filter, a front view of the device for separating fuel from water.

On the grate for receiving wastewater 1, having a receiving pipe 2, with a valve 3, two cone-type filter sumps 4 are equipped with valves 5 and pipelines 6 to remove mechanical impurities 7. Also, additionally, the sumps are equipped with two filter screens with cells of various diameters 8 ,9. The settling filters are connected by a technological pipeline 10 to a vertical tank for collecting wastewater 11 into which two pipes are mounted: an intake pipe 12 for pumping oil and oil products 13 with an upper layer of wastewater 14 and a lower pipe 15 for pumping wastewater.

The wastewater treatment plant includes electric pump units 16, 17. The electric pump unit 16 is designed to pump oil and oil products with a top layer of water into a separate tank for collecting oil products (oil) 18.

The same pump installation 16 is designed for pumping contaminated sewage 14 through a process pipeline 10 into a coarse filter 19, a fine filter of membrane type 20 and into a clean water tank 21.

An electric pump installation 17 is used to supply clean water 22 through an intake pipe 23 through a clean water pipe 24 to an urban storm sewer or to the ground. Electric pump installation 17 also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters. After

self-cleaning filters, sludge 25 with water through a pipe 26 enters the tank for sludge 27. It should be noted that part of the installation equipment is located below the surface of the earth 28, and pumping and filtration equipment is installed on the earth's surface. A separate tank 18 is connected via a process pipeline 10 to a vertical tank for collecting wastewater 11. An observation device for separating oil products from water 29 is mounted on the process pipe below the tank 18, which includes a housing 30, a sight glass 31, and flange connections 32.

The vertical tank for collecting wastewater 11 is equipped with a coalescence filter 33. The coalescence filter 33 consists of elements 34. The elements have openings 35 of various diameters. In this case, the smallest diameter of the hole on the bottom element, and the largest on the top.

The intake pipe 12 for pumping oil and oil products with an upper layer of wastewater is equipped with flexible hoses 36, which are connected to the suction head 37. The suction head is mounted on the float 38 and lowers to a depth of 2 to 5 mm. The suction head has slots for collecting oil products (oil), and the float is on the surface of the liquid.

For pumping from a separate tank 18 filled with oil or oil, an electric pump unit 39 is intended. Pumping is carried out in a car tank.

The utility model works as follows. Through a grate for receiving wastewater 1, a receiving pipe 2, with an open gate valve 3, contaminated wastewater with mechanical impurities, suspended solids and oil products enters the first filter settler 4. In the settler, part of the mechanical impurities 7 is deposited at the bottom of the filter-settler due to gravitational forces 4. Mechanical impurities of a larger diameter are retained by the grid 8, and a smaller diameter by the grid 9.

After the passage of the sump, water enters a vertical tank for collecting wastewater 11, which is equipped with a coalescence filter 33. Water passes under the bottom element 34 of the filter 33. The rate of flow of water into the tank 11 is controlled by the corresponding valve 3 of the pipeline 10. Due to the lower specific gravity of oil and oil products Compared to the specific gravity of water, they rise up and come into contact with the surface of the element, while drops of oil and oil products glide along the surface of the element and accumulate. Thus, their coalescence occurs. Then, through the hole in the lower element 35, drops of oil products (oil) flow into the gap between the lower and middle element. There, a similar process of enlargement of droplets of oil products (oil) at the surface of the intermediate element takes place, with further flow of the droplets through the holes into the gap between the middle and upper element. After this, drops of oil products (oil) in a similar manner through the hole 35 of the upper element 34 rise into the upper layer of liquid. Since the diameter of the hole of the lower element is minimal, the average is larger, and the upper element is maximum, a gradual increase in the size of the droplets of oil products (oil) occurs, i.e. their additional coalescence.

After that, using the electrical installation 16 through the intake pipe 12 for pumping oil and oil products with an upper layer of wastewater with flexible hoses 36 through the slots of the suction heads 37, the oil product (oil) 13 with the upper layer of water 14 enters a separate tank 18.

After pumping out oil products (oil) with the upper layer of water using an electric pump installation 16, the pipe 15 and the process pipe 10 are opened with the corresponding corresponding valve 3 of contaminated waste water 14 open to the coarse filter 19, then to the fine filter of membrane type 20 and to the tank for clean water 21. In these filters, water is purified from suspended solids and the remaining small portion of oil products (oil).

до 200

и более, что повышает производительность установки.A more efficient pumping of oil products (oil) into a separate tank 18 allows you to increase the minimum pore sizes of the cells of the filtering membrane partitions from 50

up to 200

and more, which increases the productivity of the installation.

Pure water 22 from the tank 21 is pumped out by a second pump installation 17 through an intake pipe 23 through a clean water pipe 24 into an urban storm sewer or to the ground.

From the reservoir 18, the settled water through the pipeline 10 and the corresponding open valve 3 enters the inspection device for separating oil products (oil) from the water 29. The operator through the inspection glass 31 monitors the movement of water. When petroleum products appear in the sight glass, it closes the corresponding valve 3. To determine the level of water and petroleum products in the vertical tank for collecting wastewater 11, the operator uses a metering rod and water-sensitive paste. Pumping out of a separate tank 18 filled with oil (oil) is carried out using an electric pump unit 39 in a car tank.

Pumping oil products (oil) into a separate tank reduces the load on the fine filter, reduces the energy consumption of the cleaning process and increases the productivity of the installation. Also, the collected oil products or oil is pumped from a separate tank into a car tank and delivered to an oil refinery for further processing, which causes an economic effect.

Claims (1)

Installation of wastewater treatment from oil and oil products using a coalescent filter, characterized in that the vertical tank for collecting wastewater is equipped with a coalescent filter consisting of elements with holes of various diameters, and an intake pipe for pumping oil and oil products with an upper layer of wastewater is mounted in vertical tank and is made with two flexible sleeves connected to the suction heads, while the heads are mounted on floats that are on the surface of the liquid.

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