RU143111U1 - INSTALLATION OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT AT FILLING STATIONS USING A COOLING SYSTEM TO SEPARATE OIL PRODUCTS FROM WATER - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations using a cooling system for separating oil products from water, characterized in that it contains a separate inclined device for collecting oil products, equipped with pipes, pipelines with valves and a cooling system with a heat exchanger and a refrigeration unit for separating oil products from water, wherein the wastewater tank has an intake pipe for pumping oil products with an upper layer of wastewater connected to two nozzles that are installed Mounted vertically and at various heights.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment at gas stations (complexes).

For the treatment of storm drains from the territory of gas stations (gas stations), their composition should include treatment facilities of an underground type of fire and explosion-proof design, ensuring the treatment of drains to the requirements of maximum permissible concentrations for ground drains, urban storm sewers or fishery ponds . For these purposes, treatment facilities of both domestic and foreign production that meet the specified requirements can be used [1, 2].

The main indicator of the operation of treatment facilities is the quality of treatment.

Industrial and waste water before being discharged from the territory of a gas station into a city storm sewer or into a water body must be treated in accordance with existing regulatory requirements to a concentration of oil products of 0.05 mg / l. The concentration of suspended solids should not exceed 10.5 mg / l. [2].

The pollution of the territories of gas stations is expressed mainly through the pollution of groundwater and soil. Oil products reaching the surface are filtered vertically through the thickness of the soil and reach the level of groundwater, where they accumulate and spread over the aquifer.

This not only leads to fuel losses and pollution of the hydrosphere, but also negatively affects public health.

Combating wastewater pollution is becoming an important environmental and economic challenge.

At gas stations, local treatment facilities are used (sand traps, oil traps, neutralization stations, flotation plants, etc.), which allow eliminating the discharge of contaminated wastewater, and pre-treated wastewater can be supplied to treatment facilities of other enterprises, including urban treatment facilities.

Installations and devices have been developed that allow sedimentation and filtering of mechanical impurities when receiving crude oil into the tank [3, 4]. These devices include cone-type sumps equipped with special inserts for filtering nets with cells of various diameters, pipelines with shutoff valves and valves to remove sludge. The use of these installations and devices as sand traps at the treatment plants of gas stations will significantly reduce the ingress of solid particles into the wastewater tank.

The simplest local facility for wastewater treatment at gas stations is an oil trap [1, 2]. It includes: a receiving device with a grate, a pipeline with a valve and a reservoir for collecting contaminated waste water. The principle of operation of the oil trap is based on the collection of contaminated sewage into the tank with the subsequent pumping of the settled water into a specialized automobile tank with the purpose of further removal to the city treatment facilities or to liquid waste collection points.

The disadvantages of the oil trap during wastewater treatment at gas stations are:

1. Lack of wastewater treatment directly at the gas station;

2. Lack of collection of oil products directly at the gas station;

3. The ingress of a large amount of mechanical impurities into the tank for contaminated wastewater;

4. The high costs associated with the operation of an automobile tank for the injection of contaminated wastewater, as well as the delivery and delivery of water to municipal wastewater treatment plants or to liquid waste collection points.

Known stationary wastewater treatment plant NPP ROSEKS [1]. This installation is designed for deep wastewater treatment at gas stations and tank farms.

The installation consists of an oil trap, a coarse filter, a wastewater pump for treatment, a thin-layer unit, six pressure stages of purification, instrumentation, an automation and alarm unit, a tank for collecting oil products and mechanical impurities, a compressor and process pipelines.

The first stage is a thin-walled block filled with granular filter material. In the first stage, sand, solids and coarse oil are separated.

The second stage, three quarters of the volume, is filled with filter material and has a drainage layer. With the passage of wastewater through the filter and drainage layers, oil droplets coarsen and float.

The third and fourth stage are aerators. The diffusion of molecules of dissolved oil products and their flotation takes place in them.

The fifth and sixth steps are filled with sorbent material. Here the sorption of the remaining particles of petroleum products and their dissolved part occurs. The plant capacity is 5 m ³ / h.

The disadvantages of this installation during wastewater treatment at gas stations are:

1. A large number of loading consumables, which causes high operating costs and the unit cost of wastewater treatment;

2. Low life of the installation without replacing the boot consumables;

3. The inability to change the parameters of water purification without constructive changes to the installation.

4. The inability to collect petroleum products in a separate tank.

Also known is the treatment plant "Module-Eco" [2].

The principle of operation, which is based on the membrane method of separation of liquid media and suspended solids at the molecular level. As a standard filtering membrane element, a flat filter design based on nanofiltration membranes with pore sizes of the filter membrane septum cells from 15 Å to 500 Å (angstroms) is adopted.

The schematic diagram of the underground module-type treatment plant “Modul-Eco” for explosive and fire facilities includes a sand trap, a sludge tank, a contaminated water tank, a clean water tank, pipelines for water, pipelines for sludge, two electric pump units, and intermediate and fine filters .

The construction works as follows. Wastewater through a sand trap enters the tank with contaminated water. After settling, water with the help of an electric pump installation under a pressure of 1.5 kgf / cm ² enters the intermediate filter, then into the fine filter and then into the tank with clean water. From the tank with clean water using a second pump installation, the purified water is discharged into the city storm sewer or to the ground. The productivity of the water treatment plant at a pressure of 1.5 kgf / cm ² and pore sizes of the filter membrane partitions from 50 Å to 500 Å is 0.15 m ³ / h.

At the same time, the smallest pore sizes of the cells of the filter membrane septum 50 A are necessary for purifying water from oil products.

For self-cleaning the fine filter, water from the tank with clean water is supplied by an electric pump to the fine filter, from where the sludge is discharged through a separate pipeline with shut-off valves to the sludge tank. In a similar manner, the intermediate filter is self-cleaning.

The disadvantages of the treatment plant for wastewater treatment at gas stations are:

1. Low productivity of the structure associated with the operation of the fine filter, high working pressure of the wastewater supply and high energy intensity of the cleaning process;

2. The low efficiency of the sand trap due to which a large amount of mechanical impurities enters the tank with contaminated water;

3. The inability to collect petroleum products in a separate tank.

Closest to this problem is the installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional filtering of mechanical impurities and oil products [5].

In this installation, a cone-type filter-settler with valves and pipelines for removing mechanical impurities is equipped with a wastewater receiving grate having a receiving pipe with a valve. Also, additional sumps are equipped with two filter screens, with cells of different diameters. Sump filters are connected via a process pipe to a sewage collection tank into which two sampling pipes are mounted: an upper pipe for collecting oil products with an upper layer of wastewater and a lower pipe for pumping wastewater. The installation includes two electric pump installations. The first electric pump unit is designed for pumping oil with an upper layer of water into a filter for cleaning fuels and lubricants with a sorbing component. Then, the water purified from oil products is fed into a fine filter of the membrane type with increased minimum pore sizes of the cells of the filtering membrane partitions from 50 Å to 200 Å and into the tank for clean water. The same pumping unit is designed for pumping contaminated wastewater through a process pipeline into a coarse filter, a membrane-type fine filter, and into a clean water tank. The second electric pump installation is used to supply clean water through an intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to an urban storm sewer or to the ground. The second electric pump unit also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters. After self-cleaning the filters, the sludge with water is piped into the sludge tank.

Installation works as follows. Through a grate for receiving wastewater, a receiving pipe with an open gate, contaminated wastewater with mechanical impurities and oil products enters the first filter sump. In the sump, part of the mechanical impurities due to gravitational forces is deposited at the bottom of the sump filter. Mechanical impurities of a larger diameter are retained by the first mesh, and of a smaller diameter by a second mesh. When filling the first sump with special valves, the waste water is sent to the second filter sump. In this case, mechanical impurities from the first sump are removed through the pipeline by opening the valve. After passing the sump, water enters the wastewater collection tank, where it settles. During sedimentation, petroleum products rise to the upper liquid layer due to their lower density. After that, with the help of an electrical installation, through the upper intake pipe and the corresponding gate valve, the oil product with the upper layer of water enters the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component. Then, purified from oil products, water flows through a process pipeline into a fine filter of membrane type, and after filtration into a tank for clean water.

After pumping out the oil product with the upper layer of water by means of an electric pump installation, a contaminated wastewater is fed into the coarse filter through a pipe and process pipe with an appropriate corresponding valve, then into a fine filter of a membrane type and into a tank for clean water.

Pure water from the tank is pumped out by a second electric pump installation through an intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to the city storm sewer or to the ground.

Self-cleaning of fine and coarse sludge filters is carried out in the sludge tank by an electropump installation using water from the tank through the process pipe and the sludge pipe.

The standard pore sizes of the cells of the filtering membrane partitions are 50 Å, 200 Å, 300 Å, 500 Å [2].

Additional filtration of the oil product with the upper layer of water in the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component allows you to increase the minimum pore sizes of the filter membrane walls from 50 Å to 200 Å., Since the smallest pore sizes of 50 Å cells are necessary for water purification from oil products. In this regard, the productivity of the installation increases from 150 l / h to 300 l / h and the energy intensity of the cleaning process decreases.

The disadvantages of a wastewater treatment plant at a gas station are:

1. Low accuracy of the intake of petroleum products through the upper intake pipe.

2. The ingress of a large amount of water into the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component.

3. Lack of collection of petroleum products in a separate tank.

The proposed utility model allows us to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of wastewater treatment at gas stations.

The solution to this problem is achieved by installing a separate inclined apparatus for collecting oil products, equipped with pipes, pipelines with shutoff valves and a cooling system with a heat exchanger and a cooling unit for separating oil products from water, as well as by the fact that an intake pipe is removed from the wastewater tank for pumping oil products with the top layer of wastewater connected to two nozzles that are installed vertically and are at different heights.

These signs are essential for solving the utility model problem, since oil products are collected in a separate inclined apparatus for the purpose of further delivery to the oil refinery, the energy intensity of the refining process is reduced, and the amount of water pumped through the intake pipe along with the oil product is reduced.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the figures, which show: a section of the proposed installation (Fig. 1), a top view of the filters of sedimentation tanks with pipelines and valves (Fig. 2), as well as a section of an inclined apparatus for collecting oil products (Fig. 3). On the grate for receiving wastewater 1, having a receiving pipe 2, with a valve 3, two cone-type filter sumps 4 are equipped with valves 5 and pipelines 6 to remove mechanical impurities 7. Also, additionally, the sumps are equipped with two filter screens with cells of various diameters 8 , 9. The settling filters are connected via a process pipeline 10 to a wastewater collection tank 11, which is equipped with two intake pipes: an upper pipe 12 for collecting oil products 13 with an upper layer of wastewater 14 and bottom pipe 15 for pumping wastewater. The wastewater treatment plant includes electric pump units 16, 17. The electric pump unit 16 is designed to pump oil with an upper layer of water into a separate inclined apparatus for collecting oil products 18 through pipeline 10.

The same pump installation 16 is designed for pumping contaminated sewage 14 through a process pipeline 10 into a coarse filter 19, a fine filter of membrane type 20 and into a clean water tank 21.

An electric pump installation 17 is used to supply clean water 22 through an intake pipe 23 through a clean water pipe 24 to an urban storm sewer or to the ground. Electric pump installation 17 also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters. After self-cleaning the filters, the sludge 25 with water through the pipeline 26 enters the tank for sludge 27. It should be noted that part of the equipment is located below the surface of the earth 28, and pumping and filtration equipment is installed on the earth's surface. A separate inclined apparatus for collecting oil products 18 is equipped with a cooling system and is connected to the waste water collecting tank 11 through a process pipe 10. The cooling system includes a heat exchanger 29, cooling lines 30 and a cooling unit 31. A heat exchanger 29 is installed at the bottom of a separate apparatus 18, which using cooling lines 30 connected to the cooling unit 31. In the lower part of the apparatus 18 vertically and at various distances from the bottom are mounted two pipes 32 with valves 3. The pipes 32 are connected to the pipe wire 33 and are intended for the intake of petroleum products 13 using an electric pump installation 34. Pumping is carried out in a car tank.

Also, for the purpose of taking petroleum products from the tank 11, the intake pipe 12 is connected to two pipes 35, which are mounted vertically and are at different heights. The nozzles are equipped with valves and are designed for a more accurate intake of oil products 13 with the upper layer of wastewater 14.

The utility model works as follows. Through a grate for receiving wastewater 1, a receiving pipe 2, with an open gate valve 3, contaminated wastewater with mechanical impurities, suspended solids and oil products enters the first filter settler 4. In the settler, part of the mechanical impurities 7 is deposited at the bottom of the filter-settler due to gravitational forces 4. Mechanical impurities of a larger diameter are retained by the grid 8, and a smaller diameter by the grid 9. After passing the sump, water enters the tank for collecting wastewater 11, where it settles. During sedimentation, petroleum products rise to the upper liquid layer due to their lower density. After that, using the electrical installation 16, through the upper intake pipe 12 and the corresponding pipe 35, the oil product 13 with the upper layer of water 14 enters a separate inclined apparatus for collecting oil products 18. At the same time, the operator determines the height of the oil level using a metering rod and water-sensitive paste and opens the valve on the corresponding pipe 35.

After pumping out the oil with the upper layer of water using an electric pump 16, it is supplied through a pipe 15 and a process pipe 10 with an open corresponding valve 3 of contaminated waste water 14 to a coarse filter 19, then to a fine filter of membrane type 20 and to a tank for clean water 21.

Pure water 22 from the tank 21 is pumped out by a second pump installation 17 through an intake pipe 23 through a clean water pipe 24 into an urban storm sewer or to the ground.

After the oil product 13 with the upper layer of wastewater 14 enters a separate inclined apparatus 18, the operator turns on the refrigeration unit 31, which sets the temperature in the heat exchanger 29 minus three degrees Celsius. Waste water 14 freezes and turns into ice, and the oil product 13 due to the tilt flows to the lower part of the device 18. Then the oil product 13 is pumped out of the device 18 using the corresponding nozzles 32, the pipe 33 and the pump unit 34. The tilt angle in the device is provided for a more complete pumping oil into a tanker truck. After pumping out the oil product, the refrigeration unit 31 is turned off, and the ice turns into waste water.

From a separate inclined apparatus 18, the wastewater 14 remaining after pumping out the oil through the pipeline 10 and the corresponding open valve 3 enters the wastewater collection tank 11.

Pumping oil products into a separate inclined apparatus reduces the load on the fine filter, reduces the energy consumption of the cleaning process and increases the productivity of the installation. Cooling the water to subzero temperature allows you to more accurately separate oil products from water and pump them completely out of the apparatus. Then, the collected oil products are delivered to the refinery for further processing, which causes an economic effect.

LITERATURE

1. Cooper V.A., Zorya E.I., Tsagareli D.V. Operations with petroleum products. M .: AOZT Paritet, 1999 - 338 p.

2. V.G. Kovalenko V.G., Zorya E.I., Frolov Yu.N. Ecological safety in oil products supply systems and automobile transport. Tutorial. M. LLC "Center LitNefteGaz", 2004 - 176 p.

3. Matveev Yu.A., Bogdanov A.Yu., Vyushin D.A. A reservoir for the reception, storage and delivery of crude oil containing mechanical impurities. Utility Model Patent No. 79535 dated January 10, 2009.

4. Matveev Yu.A., Bogdanov A.Yu., Kudashova E.A., Kundrotas K.R. Installation for receiving and dispensing crude oil and filtering solids. Utility Model Patent No. 84357 of June 10, 2009.

5. Matveev Yu.A., Kuznetsov VA, Butuzov AA, Mulgachev A.Yu. Installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional filtration of mechanical impurities and oil products. Utility Model Patent No. 120963 of 10/10/2012.

Claims (1)

A sewage treatment plant at gas stations using a cooling system for separating oil products from water, characterized in that it contains a separate inclined apparatus for collecting oil products, equipped with pipes, pipelines with valves and a cooling system with a heat exchanger and a refrigeration unit for separating oil products from water, wherein the wastewater tank has an intake pipe for pumping oil products with an upper layer of wastewater connected to two nozzles that are installed Mounted vertically and at various heights.