RU189420U1 - COALESCENT FILTER WITH ELECTROLYZER FOR CLEANING WASTE WATER AT OIL ENTERPRISES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment and is applicable in the oil industry. The technical device includes a housing with pipelines, two grids with cells of different diameters, internal elements with openings of different diameters, a viewing tube, a hatch for cleaning from mechanical impurities and suspended substances, heating elements, and an electrolyzer to separate the oil from the water. equipped with an anode and cathode. The demulsifier supply pipeline with a dosing pump is excluded from the filter design. Lattices are designed for cleaning waste water from mechanical impurities and suspended substances, and a viewing tube for determining the levels of oil products and water. Internal elements are used for coalescence of oil droplets. The technical result is achieved by phased purification of waste water from mechanical impurities, suspended solids and oil. At the same time, the process of oil separation from water is accelerated using an electrolyzer, which is located before the coalescence filter, and heating elements in the filter itself. It should be noted that at the final stage the separation and removal of oil and water occurs through a viewing tube.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment at oil depots, oil gathering points and oil-producing enterprises.

For cleaning stormwater runoff from the territory of gas stations (petrol stations), oil gathering points, underground treating facilities should be provided for cleaning the effluent up to the requirements of maximum allowable concentrations imposed on groundwater, city storm sewers or fishery reservoirs. For these purposes, wastewater treatment facilities of both domestic and imported production that meet the specified requirements can be used [Bondar V.А., Zorya E.I., Tsagareli D.V. Operations with petroleum products. M .: Joint-Stock Company “Paritet”, 1999 - 338 p.]. The main indicator of wastewater treatment is the quality of cleaning. Before discharging from the territory of a gas station, oil depots into city storm sewers or into water bodies, industrial and waste waters should be treated in accordance with the existing regulatory requirements until the concentration of oil products in them is 0.05 mg / l. Suspended solids concentration should not exceed 10.5 mg / l. [V.G. Kovalenko V.G., Zorya E.I., Frolov Yu.N. Ecological safety in systems of petroleum products supply and automobile transport. Tutorial. M. LLC "Center LitnefteGaz", 2004 -176 p.].

At gas stations, tank farms and oil gathering points, sewage is polluted with gasoline, diesel fuel, motor oil and transmission oils. All of the listed petroleum products and petroleum belong to fuels and lubricants. Oil products and oil form water-fuel emulsions with water. The most durable emulsions form fuels and lubricants having a density close to the density of water (oil, oil).

Known stationary treatment plant NPP ROSEKS [[Bondar VA, Zorya E.I., Tsagareli D.V. Operations with petroleum products. M .: Joint-Stock Company “Paritet”, 1999 - 338 p.]. This unit is designed for deep wastewater treatment at gas stations and tank farms. The installation consists of an oil trap, a coarse filter, a sewage pump for purification, a thin-layer block, six pressure treatment degrees, instrumentation, an automation and alarm unit, a tank for collecting oil products and mechanical impurities, a compressor and process piping.

The first stage is a thin-walled unit filled with granular filter material. In the first stage, the separation of sand, mechanical impurities and coarse petroleum products.

The second stage is three-quarters of the volume filled with filter material and has a drainage layer. With the passage of wastewater through the filtering and drainage layers of the drop of oil enlarges and floats.

The third and fourth steps are aerators. In them there is a diffusion of molecules of dissolved petroleum products and their flotation.

The fifth and sixth stages are filled with sorbent material. Here is the sorption of the remaining particles of petroleum products and their dissolved parts. The plant capacity is 5 m ³ / h.

The disadvantages of this installation when cleaning wastewater at gas stations and tank farms are:

1. A large number of boot consumables, which causes high operating costs;

2. Low cleaning efficiency of water-fuel emulsions;

3. The impossibility of collecting petroleum products in a separate tank.

до 200

и в резервуар для чистой воды. Эта же электронасосная установка предназначена для откачки по технологическому трубопроводу загрязненной сточной воды в фильтр грубой очистки, фильтр тонкой очистки мембранного типа и в резервуар для чистой воды. Вторая электронасосная установка используется для подачи чистой воды через заборную трубу по трубопроводу чистой воды в городскую ливневую канализацию или на грунт. Вторая электронасосная установка также служит для самоочистки фильтров тонкой и грубой очистки.Also known installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional filtration of mechanical impurities and oil products [Matveev Y.A. and others. Patent for utility model No. 120963 from 10.10.2012]. In this installation, on a grating for receiving waste water, having a receiving pipeline with a valve, two conical filter-type settling tanks with valves and pipelines are installed to remove mechanical impurities. Additionally, the septic tanks are equipped with two filter nets, with cells of different diameters. The sump filters are connected via a process piping to a tank for collecting waste water in which two intake pipes are installed: an upper pipe for collecting oil products with an upper layer of waste water and a lower pipe for pumping waste water. The installation includes two electric pump installations. The first electropump unit is designed for pumping oil with the top layer of water into the filter cleaning from fuels and lubricants with sorbent component. Then the water purified from oil products is fed into a membrane-type fine filter with increased minimum pore sizes of the cells of filter membrane partitions with 50

up to 200

and in the tank for clean water. The same electric pump unit is designed for pumping polluted waste water through the process pipeline into a coarse filter, a membrane-type fine filter and into a clean water tank. The second electric pump installation is used to supply clean water through the intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to the city storm sewer or to the ground. The second electropump installation also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters.

The installation works as follows. Through the lattice for receiving waste water, the receiving pipeline, with the open valve, contaminated waste water with mechanical impurities and oil products enters the first filter-sump. In the sump part of the mechanical impurities due to gravitational forces deposited at the bottom of the filter sump. Mechanical impurities of larger diameter are retained by the first grid, and smaller diameter by the second grid. After passing the sump, the water enters the tank for collecting wastewater, where it is settled. After that, with the help of electrical installation through the upper intake pipe and the corresponding valve of oil product with the upper layer of water enters the filter cleaning from fuel and lubricants with a sorbent component. Then, the purified water from the process water enters the membrane-type fine filter, and after filtration into the clean water tank. After pumping out the oil product with the upper layer of water using an electropump unit, it is fed through a pipe and a process pipeline with the corresponding valve opened with contaminated wastewater into a coarse filter, then into a membrane-type fine filter and into a clean water tank.

Clean water from the reservoir is pumped out by a second electric pump installation through the intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to the city storm sewer or to the ground.

до 200

. В связи с этим повышается производительность установки со 150 л/час до 300 л/час.Additional filtration of the oil product with the top layer of water in the filter of cleaning from fuel and lubricants with the sorbing component allows to increase the minimum pore sizes of the cells of the filter membrane partitions with 50

up to 200

. In connection with this, the plant capacity is increased from 150 l / h to 300 l / h.

Disadvantages installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional filtration of mechanical impurities and petroleum products are:

1. Low accuracy of intake of petroleum products through the upper intake pipe.

2. The ingress of a large amount of water in the filter cleaning of fuel and lubricants with sorbing component.

3. Low cleaning efficiency of water-fuel emulsions.

Also known installation of sewage treatment at gas stations with additional pumping of petroleum products in a separate tank [Matveev Yu.A. et al. Patent for utility model No. 143110 of 06/10/2014]. In this installation, on a grate for receiving waste water, having a receiving pipeline, with a valve, two conical type settling tanks with valves and pipelines are installed to remove mechanical impurities. Additionally, the septic tanks are equipped with two filter nets, with cells of different diameters. The sump filters are connected via a process piping to a tank for collecting waste water in which two intake pipes are installed: an upper pipe for collecting oil products with an upper layer of waste water and a lower pipe for pumping waste water. The wastewater treatment plant includes two electric pump installations. The first electric pump unit is designed for pumping oil with the upper layer of water into a separate tank for collecting oil products. The same electric pump unit is designed for pumping polluted waste water through the process pipeline into a coarse filter, a membrane-type fine filter and into a clean water tank. The second electric pump installation is used to supply clean water through the intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to the city storm sewer or to the ground. The electropump unit also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters.

A separate tank for the collection of petroleum products through a process pipeline is connected to a tank for collecting waste water. On the process pipeline below the tank mounted viewing device for separating petroleum products from water. Also, in order to collect oil products from the reservoir, the intake pipe is inserted into a hermetic swivel joint located in a pipe of a larger diameter. In this case, the length of the intake pipe is regulated by a hermetic swivel joint.

For pumping out of the reservoir filled with oil, the pipeline and the electropump unit are intended.

The installation works as follows. Through the grate and receiving pipeline polluted waste water with mechanical impurities, suspended solids and oil products enters the first filter-sump. In the sump of the mechanical impurities deposited at the bottom of the filter-sump. Mechanical impurities are delayed by filtering grids. After passing the sump, the water enters the tank for collecting wastewater, where it is settled. Then, using electrical installations through the upper intake pipe, the oil product with the upper layer of water flows into a separate tank for collecting oil products. After pumping out the oil product with the upper layer of water using an electropump unit, it is fed through a pipe and a process pipeline with the corresponding valve opened with contaminated wastewater into a coarse filter, then into a membrane-type fine filter and into a clean water tank. Clean water from the reservoir is pumped out by a second electric pump installation through the intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to the city storm sewer or to the ground.

From the reservoir for the collection of petroleum products, the distilled water through the pipeline enters the viewing device for separating petroleum products from water. When petroleum products appear in the sight glass, the operator closes the corresponding valve.

Disadvantages installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional pumping of petroleum products in a separate tank are:

1. The lack of accuracy of the sampling of oil through the upper intake pipe.

2. Low cleaning efficiency of water-fuel emulsions.

Also known installation of wastewater treatment from oil and oil products using a coalescing filter [Matveev Yu.A. et al. Patent for utility model No. 158366 of December 27, 2015]. On the grid for the reception of waste water with a receiving pipeline, with a valve, equipped with two filter-sump. The sump filters are connected via a process piping with a vertical tank for collecting wastewater. The wastewater treatment plant includes electropump installations. The electropump unit is designed for pumping fuel with the upper layer of water into a separate tank for collecting oil products (oil). The same electric pump unit is designed for pumping polluted waste water through the process pipeline into a coarse filter, a membrane-type fine filter and into a clean water tank. The electropump unit is used to supply clean water through the intake pipe through a clean water pipeline to the urban storm sewer. The electropump unit also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters. After self-cleaning the filters, the sludge with water enters the sludge tank through the pipeline. A separate tank is connected to a tank for collecting waste water via a process piping. On the process piping below the tank is mounted a viewing device for separating petroleum products from water, which includes a housing, a viewing glass and flange connections. The wastewater collection tank is equipped with a coalescence filter. The coalescent filter consists of elements. Elements have holes of different diameters. The suction pipe is equipped with flexible hoses that are connected to the suction head. The suction head is mounted on the float and lowered to a depth of 2 to 5 mm. For pumping out of a vertical tank filled with oil or oil, an electric pump installation is intended.

The utility model works as follows. Through the lattice for receiving waste water, polluted waste water with mechanical impurities, suspended solids and oil products enters the first filter-sump. In the sump part of the mechanical impurities due to gravitational forces deposited at the bottom of the filter sump. After passing through the sump, water flows into the tank for collecting waste water, which is equipped with a coalescence filter. Water passes under the bottom element of the filter. Due to the lower specific weight of oil and petroleum products compared to the specific gravity of water, they rise up and come into contact with the surface of the element, while drops of oil and oil products slide along the surface of the element and accumulate. Then through the hole in the elements of the drop of oil (oil) flow into the gap between the lower, middle and upper element. There is a process of consolidation of oil droplets with a further flow of drops through the holes. After that, drops of petroleum products rise in the upper layer of liquid. After that, with the help of electrical installation through the intake pipe with flexible sleeves through the slots of the suction heads the oil product (oil) with the upper layer of water enters a separate tank.

After pumping out fuel and lubricants using an electropump unit, the polluted waste water is fed through a pipe and process pipe to a coarse filter, then to a membrane-type fine filter and to a clean water tank. Clean water from the reservoir is pumped out with a second electric pump installation into the city storm sewers or onto the ground. From the tank, the settled water enters the viewing device through the pipeline to separate the oil from the water. The operator through the viewing glass monitors the movement of water. With the appearance of fuel and lubricants in the sight glass, it closes the corresponding valve.

The disadvantages of the installation of wastewater treatment from oil and oil products using coalescence are:

1. Insufficient cleaning efficiency of water-fuel emulsions coalescing filter.

2. Low plant capacity due to the use of membrane type filters.

3. The complexity and high cost of installation.

Also known coalescence filter for wastewater from oil products, mechanical impurities and suspended solids [Matveev Yu.A. et al. Patent for utility model No. 172536 dated July 11, 2017]. The coalescent filter, which has a wastewater receiving pipeline, with a valve, pipelines for the delivery of clean water and oil products, is equipped with two grids with cells of different diameters. At the same time, cells of a larger diameter are located on the lower lattice, and smaller ones on the upper one. Also, the coalescence filter is equipped with internal elements. Elements have holes of different diameters. In the upper part of the coalescent filter mounted viewing tube for the separation of oil from water. Also, the lower part of the filter is equipped with a hatch for cleaning from mechanical impurities and suspended solids.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline, with the open valve, the polluted waste water with mechanical impurities, suspended solids and oil products enters the coalescence filter. In the filter, part of the mechanical impurities due to gravitational forces is deposited on the bottom. Mechanical impurities of larger diameter are retained by the lower grid, and smaller diameter by the upper grid. Also suspended matter retained by gratings. Then the water with oil products passes under the bottom element of the coalescent filter. When moving, coalescence of oil droplets occurs. Then through the hole in the lower element drops of oil flow into the gap between the lower and middle element. There is a similar process of consolidation of oil droplets at the surface of the intermediate element with the further flow of droplets through the holes into the gap between the middle and upper element. After this, drops of petroleum products in a similar way through the opening of the upper element rise into the upper layer of liquid. After filling the filter closes the valve inlet pipe. With the help of a viewing tube, the operator establishes the levels of oil and water. Then, using the sight pipe, it drains the oil product into a separate container through the delivery pipeline. After that, through the pipeline issue, the operator begins to drain clean water.

The disadvantages of a coalescent filter for sewage treatment from oil products, mechanical impurities and suspended solids are:

1. Insufficient cleaning efficiency of water-fuel emulsions coalescing filter.

2. The low rate of separation of water from oil and oil products.

The closest to this problem is the coalescence filter for wastewater treatment in oil-producing enterprises [Bogdanov A.Yu., Matveev Yu.A. et al. Patent for utility model No. 180681 dated 06.21.2018].

The coalescent filter, having a wastewater receiving pipeline, with a valve, pipelines for the delivery of clean water and oil, is equipped with two grids with cells of different diameters. Also, the coalescence filter is equipped with internal elements. Elements have holes of different diameters. The elements are thin corrugated plates of polyvinyl chloride, which have the properties to attract particles of oil (petroleum products) and pull water away. In the upper part of the coalescent filter mounted viewing tube for separating oil from water.

The lower part of the filter is equipped with a hatch for cleaning from mechanical impurities and suspended substances.

Also, the filter is equipped with heating elements and a pipe for supplying a demulsifier with a valve. Introduction to the water-oil emulsion of the demulsifier allows you to increase the rate of separation of water from oil and oil products. The demulsifier is piped through a metering pump from a separate tank.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline, with the open valve, the polluted waste water with mechanical impurities, suspended solids and oil enters the coalescence filter. After receipt of waste water heating elements are included. Depending on the contamination of the waste water with oil, the operator makes a decision on the supply (lack of supply) of the demulsifier through the pipeline using a dosing pump from a separate tank. In the filter, part of the mechanical impurities due to gravitational forces is deposited on the bottom. Also suspended matter retained by gratings.

Then water with oil (oil products) passes under the bottom element of the coalescent filter. Due to the lower specific weight of oil compared to the specific gravity of water, oil rises and contacts the surface of the element, while the oil drops slide along the surface of the element and accumulate. Thus, their coalescence occurs. Then through the hole in the lower element drops of oil flow into the gap between the lower and middle element. There is a similar process of consolidation of oil droplets at the surface of the intermediate element with the further flow of droplets through the holes into the gap between the middle and upper element. After that, drops of oil through the hole of the upper element rise into the upper layer of liquid.

After filling the filter closes the valve inlet pipe. Using a viewing tube, the operator sets the oil and water levels. Then, using the sight pipe, it discharges oil (oil product) through a delivery pipeline into a separate container. After that, through the pipeline issue, the operator begins to drain clean water.

The disadvantages of a coalescent filter for wastewater treatment at oil producing enterprises are:

1. High consumption of demulsifiers.

2. The complexity of controlling the dosing pump.

3. Dependence of the effectiveness of the action of demulsifiers on the temperature of waste water.

The proposed utility model allows to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of wastewater treatment from oil. The solution of this problem is achieved by the fact that the coalescent filter is additionally equipped with an electrolyzer equipped with an anode and a cathode in order to separate the oil from the water, while the electrolyzer is installed in front of the coalescing filter in the course of the waste water.

Coalescence is the process of enlarging (merging) the droplets of the dispersed phase of an emulsion with a complete loss of the separating interfacial surface. The coalescent filter is a housing with elements in the upper part, which have holes of various diameters. Elements are made in the form of the upper part of the ellipsoid.

These features are essential for solving a problem of a utility model, the cost of equipment of a technical device is significantly reduced, the rate of separation of oil from water increases, and there is also no need for demulsifiers, sorbents and additional filters.

At oil-producing enterprises, oil, mixing with water, forms a stable water-oil emulsion, for the destruction of which it is necessary to use electrolyzers, demulsifiers (special reagents for separating water from oil). Also increases the rate of separation of water from oil heating process. Water mixes most strongly with oil with the appearance of an emulsion in case of accidents and leaks, as well as during the spring flood.

The essence of the utility model is explained in FIG. 1, which shows a section of the proposed coalescent filter with electrolyzer.

The coalescent filter 1, which has a wastewater receiving pipe 2, with a valve 3, pipes for the delivery of clean water 4 and oil 5, is equipped with two 6.7 grids with cells of different diameters 8. At the same time, larger diameters are located on the lower grid diameter. Lattices are intended for purification of waste water from mechanical impurities and suspended substances.

Also, the coalescence filter is equipped with internal elements 9. The elements have holes 10 of different diameters. In this case, the smallest diameter of the hole on the bottom element, and the largest on the top. The elements are thin corrugated plates of polyvinyl chloride, which have the properties to attract oil particles and pull water away. Corrugated plates are self-cleaning. When water flows through them, the plates vibrate. Thus, conditions are created for the ascent of the enlarged particles of oil and sedimentation from the plates of the attached substances.

A viewing tube 11 is mounted at the top of the coalescent filter to separate the oil from the water.

The lower part of the filter is equipped with a hatch 12 for cleaning from mechanical impurities and suspended solids.

The filter is equipped with heating elements 13. Heating elements are designed to heat waste water 14. Heating waste water increases the rate of separation of water from oil.

Also, the wastewater receiving pipe 2 in front of the coalescent filter is equipped with an electrolyzer 15. An anode 16 and a cathode 17 are located inside the electrolyzer. The electrolyzer is installed to a coalescent filter in the direction of the wastewater.

The passage of the water-oil emulsion through the electrolyzer allows to destroy the water-oil emulsion, increase the rate of separation of water from oil and oil products, as well as improve the quality of the process of consolidation of oil droplets. Also, the operation of the cell is practically independent of the temperature of the waste water.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline 2, with the open valve 3, polluted waste water 14 with mechanical impurities 18, suspended solids 19 and oil 20 enters the electrolyzer 15. In the electrolyzer, the process of water separation from oil begins due to the influence of an electric field. Then the waste water enters the coalescence filter 1. After the waste water enters, the heating elements 13 are turned on. In the filter, part of the mechanical impurities 18 is deposited at the bottom due to gravitational forces. Mechanical impurities of larger diameter are retained by the grating 6, and smaller diameter by the grating 7. Also suspended substances 19 are retained by the gratings.

Next, the water with oil passes under the bottom element 9 of the coalescent filter. The rate of water entering the filter is regulated by the corresponding valve 3 of the inlet pipeline 2. Due to the lower specific weight of oil 20 compared to the specific weight of water, oil rises and contacts the surface of the element, while the oil drops slide along the surface of the element, then accumulate and increase in size. Thus, their coalescence occurs.

Then through the hole in the lower element 10 drops of oil flow into the gap between the lower and middle element. There is a similar process of consolidation of oil droplets at the surface of the intermediate element with the further flow of droplets through the holes into the gap between the middle and upper element. After that, the drops of oil in a similar way through the hole 10 of the upper element 9 rise in the upper layer of liquid. Since the hole diameter of the lower element is minimal, the average is average, and the upper element is maximum, there is a gradual increase in the size of oil droplets, i.e. their additional coalescence.

After filling the filter, the valves 3 of the inlet pipeline 2 are closed. With the help of a viewing tube 11, the operator sets the levels of oil and water. Then, using a sight pipe, it discharges oil into a separate container through a delivery pipeline 5. After that, through the pipeline issue 4, the operator begins to drain clean water 21: When filling the lower part of the filter with mechanical impurities and suspended solids, the operator opens the hatch 12 and cleans the filter from sediment.

Wastewater treatment through a coalescent filter with an electrolyzer allows to increase plant capacity, to abandon expensive demulsifiers, sorbents and filters for water purification from oil and oil products, and the delivery of oil for processing can also bring an economic effect.

Claims (1)

A coalescent filter with an electrolyzer for wastewater treatment at oil companies, including a housing and corrugated plates with holes of different diameters located in it, a hatch for cleaning from mechanical impurities, a grating with cells of different diameters, a viewing tube, heating elements, characterized in that the coalescence filter additionally equipped with an electrolyzer equipped with an anode and cathode in order to separate the oil from the water, while the electrolyzer is installed in front of the coalescing filter waste water.

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