RU120963U1 - INSTALLATION OF SEWAGE TREATMENT AT PETROL FILLING STATIONS WITH ADDITIONAL FILTRATION OF MECHANICAL IMPURITIES AND OIL PRODUCTS - Google Patents

Abstract

Wastewater treatment plant at filling stations with additional filtration of mechanical impurities and oil products, characterized in that the sand trap is made in the form of two cone-type settling filters equipped with pipelines with shut-off valves to change the direction of wastewater, in which filter nets with various cells are additionally installed. diameters, a pipeline with an intake pipe for pumping oil products with an upper layer of waste water into a filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants is diverted from the waste water tank, which makes it possible to increase the minimum pore size of the filter membrane baffle cells from 50 Å to 200 Å.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for wastewater treatment at gas stations (complexes) and liquid filling stations.

The utility model is most applicable when issuing petroleum products of various grades at gas stations (gas stations) equipped with recessed horizontal steel tanks.

For the treatment of storm drains from the territory of a gas station, their composition should include treatment facilities of an underground type of fire and explosion-proof performance, ensuring the treatment of drains to the requirements of maximum permissible concentrations for sewage on the ground, in urban storm sewers or in fishery reservoirs. For these purposes, treatment facilities of both domestic and foreign production that meet the specified requirements can be used [1, 2].

The main indicator of the operation of treatment facilities is the quality of treatment.

Industrial and waste water before being discharged from the territory of a gas station into a city storm sewer or into a water body must be treated in accordance with existing regulatory requirements to a concentration of oil products of 0.05 mg / l. The concentration of suspended solids should not exceed 10.5 mg / l. [2].

The pollution of the territories of gas stations is expressed mainly through the pollution of groundwater and soil. Oil products reaching the surface are filtered vertically through the thickness of the soil and reach the level of groundwater, where they accumulate and spread over the aquifer.

This not only leads to fuel losses and pollution of the hydrosphere, but also negatively affects public health.

Combating wastewater pollution is becoming an important environmental and economic challenge.

To achieve standardized indicators of wastewater treatment quality, the main technological solutions are accumulation or regulation of surface runoff, sedimentation, flotation, pressure or pressureless filtration and sorption.

At gas stations, local treatment facilities are used (sand traps, oil traps, neutralization stations, flotation plants, etc.), which allow eliminating the discharge of contaminated wastewater, and pre-treated wastewater can be supplied to treatment facilities of other enterprises, including urban treatment facilities.

Local treatment facilities at gas stations should provide for the treatment of surface wastewater during oil spills, emergencies, and general pollution of the territory of a gas station.

Installations and devices have been developed that allow sedimentation and filtering of mechanical impurities when receiving crude oil into the tank [3, 4]. These devices include cone-type sumps equipped with special inserts for filtering nets with cells of various diameters, pipelines with shutoff valves and valves to remove sludge. The use of these installations and devices as sand traps at the treatment plants of gas stations will significantly reduce the ingress of solid and suspended particles into the wastewater tank.

The simplest local facility for wastewater treatment at gas stations is an oil trap [1, 2]. It includes: a receiving device with a grate, a pipeline with a valve and a reservoir for collecting contaminated waste water. The principle of operation of the oil trap is based on the collection of contaminated wastewater in the tank, followed by pumping of the settled water into a specialized automobile tank for the purpose of further export to city treatment facilities or liquid waste collection points.

The disadvantages of the oil trap during wastewater treatment at gas stations are:

1. Lack of wastewater treatment directly at the gas station;

2. The ingress of a large amount of mechanical impurities into the reservoir for contaminated wastewater;

3. High costs associated with the operation of an automobile tank for the injection of contaminated wastewater, as well as the delivery and delivery of water to municipal wastewater treatment plants or liquid waste collection points.

4. The constant need to call a car tank for pumping wastewater from the tank.

Known stationary wastewater treatment plant NPP ROSEKS [1]. This installation is designed for deep wastewater treatment at gas stations and tank farms.

The installation consists of an oil trap, a coarse filter, a wastewater pump for treatment, a thin-layer unit, six pressure stages of purification, instrumentation, an automation and alarm unit, a tank for collecting oil products and mechanical impurities, a compressor and process pipelines.

The first stage is a thin-walled block filled with granular filter material. In the first stage, sand, solids and coarse oil are separated.

The second stage, three quarters of the volume, is filled with filter material and has a drainage layer. With the passage of wastewater through the filter and drainage layers, oil droplets coarsen and float.

The third and fourth stage are aerators. The diffusion of molecules of dissolved oil products and their flotation takes place in them.

The fifth and sixth steps are filled with sorbent material. Here the sorption of the remaining particles of petroleum products and their dissolved part occurs. The plant capacity is 5 m ³ / h.

The disadvantages of this installation during wastewater treatment at gas stations are:

1. A large number of loading consumables, which causes high operating costs and the unit cost of wastewater treatment;

2. Low life of the installation without replacing the boot consumables;

3. A large number of blocks and degrees of purification.

4. The inability to change the parameters of water purification without constructive changes to the installation.

5. Large overall dimensions of the installation.

Closest to this problem is the treatment plant "Module-Eco" [2].

The principle of operation, which is based on the membrane method of separation of liquid media and suspended solids at the molecular level. As a standard filtering membrane element, a flat filter design based on nanofiltration membranes with pore sizes of the filter membrane septum cells from 15 Å to 500 Å (angstroms) is adopted.

The flat-screen membrane apparatus, consisting of a calculated set of such elements, has a number of fundamental differences and advantages over conventional treatment plants. These include:

1. The complete absence of loading consumables, which ensures minimal operating costs and unit cost of wastewater treatment;

2. The relatively low price of the installation itself, its small dimensions;

3. Self-cleaning mode;

4. The ability to change the parameters of water purification without constructive changes in the apparatus by selecting the desired set of flat membrane elements. The schematic diagram of the underground module-type treatment plant “Modul-Eco” for explosive and fire facilities includes a sand trap, a sludge tank, a contaminated water tank, a clean water tank, pipelines for water, pipelines for sludge, two electric pump units, and intermediate and fine filters .

The construction works as follows. Wastewater through a sand trap enters the tank with contaminated water. After settling, water with the help of an electric pump installation under a pressure of 1.5 kgf / cm ² enters the intermediate filter, then into the fine filter and then into the tank with clean water. From the tank with clean water using a second pump installation, the purified water is discharged into the city storm sewer or to the ground. The productivity of the water treatment plant at a pressure of 1.5 kgf / cm ² and pore sizes of the filter membrane partitions from 50 Å to 500 Å is 0.15 m ³ / h.

In this case, the smallest pore sizes of the cells of the filtering membrane septum of 50 Å are necessary for purifying water from oil products.

For self-cleaning the fine filter, water from the tank with clean water is supplied by an electric pump to the fine filter, from where the sludge is discharged through a separate pipeline with shut-off valves to the sludge tank. In a similar manner, the intermediate filter is self-cleaning.

The disadvantages of the treatment plant for wastewater treatment at gas stations are:

1. Low productivity of the structure associated with the operation of the fine filter, high working pressure of the wastewater supply and high energy intensity of the cleaning process;

2. Lack of separation of water and oil products due to flotation;

3. The low efficiency of the sand trap, in connection with which a large amount of mechanical impurities and suspended solids enters the tank with contaminated water;

4. A large amount of sludge formed, after self-cleaning the filters, which causes additional routine maintenance and costs for the removal of sludge.

The inventive utility model allows to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of wastewater treatment at gas stations. This increases the productivity of the installation, reduces the energy consumption of the cleaning process, significantly reduces the content of mechanical impurities and suspended solids entering the wastewater tank, as well as the amount of sludge after self-cleaning the filters.

The solution of this problem is achieved by manufacturing a sand trap in the form of two cone-type filter traps equipped with pipelines with shut-off valves for changing the direction of wastewater, in which filter nets are additionally installed, with cells of various diameters, as well as by the fact that the pipeline is diverted from the wastewater tank with an intake pipe for pumping oil products with an upper layer of wastewater into the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants, which allows to increase the minimum pore size of the fi cells truyuschih membrane partitions 50 Å to 200 Å.

These signs are essential for solving the utility model problem, since the installation productivity increases due to an increase in the pore size of the filter membrane membrane cells, the energy consumption of the cleaning process decreases, the amount of contaminated mechanical impurities and suspended solids in the waste water tank decreases, and the amount of sludge after self-cleaning the filters decreases , and also the filtration of oil products is separated with the upper layer of water contaminated with oil products and the remaining wastewater.

The standard pore sizes of the cells of the filtering membrane partitions are 50Å, 200Å, 300Å, 500Å [2].

Pre-filtration of oil products with the top layer of wastewater in the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component allows you to remove the membrane wall with cell pores of 50 Å in the fine filter of the membrane type, since the smallest pore sizes of 50 Å cells are necessary for water purification from oil products.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1, Fig. 2.) which shows: a section of the proposed installation and a top view of the filters of sedimentation tanks with pipelines and valves. On the grate for receiving wastewater 1, having a receiving pipe 2, with a valve 3, two cone-type filter sumps 4 are equipped with valves 5 and pipelines 6 to remove mechanical impurities 7. Also, additionally, the sumps are equipped with two filter screens with cells of various diameters 8 , 9. The settling filters are connected by a technological pipeline 10 to a wastewater collection tank 11 into which two intake pipes are mounted: an upper pipe 12 for collecting oil products 13 with an upper layer of wastewater 14 and Bottom pipe 15 for pumping waste water. The installation includes 2 electric pumping units 16, 17. The first electric pumping unit 16 is designed for pumping oil with an upper layer of water into the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbing component 18, followed by the supply of purified water from oil products to a fine filter of membrane type 19 with enlarged minimum pore sizes of the cells of the filtering membrane partitions from 50 Å to 200 Å and into the tank for clean water 20. This same pump 16 is designed for Tanks through the process pipeline 10 of contaminated wastewater 14 to a coarse filter 21, a fine filter of membrane type 19 and to a clean water tank 20. The second pump installation 17 is used to supply clean water 22 through an intake pipe 23 through a clean water pipe 24 to the city storm sewer or on the ground. The second pump installation 17 also serves for self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters. After self-cleaning the filters, the sludge 25 with water through the pipeline 26 enters the tank for sludge 27. It should be noted that part of the equipment is located below the surface of the earth 28, and pumping and filtration equipment is installed on the earth's surface.

The utility model works as follows. Through a grate for receiving wastewater 1, a receiving pipe 2, with an open valve 3, contaminated wastewater with mechanical impurities and oil products enters the first filter sump 4, which is equipped with filter screens 8, 9 with cells of different diameters. In the sump, part of the mechanical impurities 7 due to gravitational forces is deposited on the bottom of the filter sump 4. The mechanical impurities of a larger diameter are retained by the mesh 8, and the smaller diameter by the mesh 9. When filling the first sump using special valves 3, the wastewater is sent to the second filter sump . In this case, mechanical impurities from the first settler are removed through the pipe 6 by opening the valve 5. Filled filtered mesh from the first settler is removed and replaced with new ones.

After passing the sump, water enters the wastewater collection tank 11, where it settles. During sedimentation, petroleum products rise to the upper liquid layer due to their lower density. After that, with the help of electrical installation 16, through the upper intake pipe 12 and the corresponding valve 3, the oil product 13 with the upper layer of water 14 enters the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbing component 18. Then, the water purified from oil products through the process pipe 10 enters the fine filter membrane type 19, and after filtration in a tank for clean water 20.

After pumping out the oil product with the upper water layer by means of an electric pump installation 16, the pipe 15 and the process pipe 10 with the corresponding corresponding valve 3 open for contaminated waste water 14 to the coarse filter 21, then to the fine filter of membrane type 19 and to the clean water tank twenty.

Pure water 22 from the reservoir 20 is pumped out by a second pump installation 17 through an intake pipe 23 through a clean water pipe 24 to an urban storm sewer or to the ground.

Self-cleaning of fine and coarse filters from sludge 25 is carried out in the tank for sludge 27 by an electropump installation 17 with water 22 from the tank 20 through a process pipe 10 and a pipe for sludge 26.

Preliminary removal of mechanical impurities in the sump filters can significantly reduce the amount of contaminated mechanical impurities and suspended solids in the wastewater tank, as well as reduce the amount of sludge after self-cleaning the filters.

Additional filtration of the oil product with the upper layer of water in the filter for cleaning from fuels and lubricants with a sorbent component allows you to increase the minimum pore sizes of the cells of the filtering membrane walls from 50 Å to 200 Å, thereby increasing the productivity of the installation from 150 l / h to 300 l / h and reducing energy consumption the cleaning process.

LITERATURE

1. Cooper V.A., Zorya E.I., Tsagareli D.V. Operations with petroleum products. M .: AOZT Paritet, 1999 - 338 p.

2. V.G. Kovalenko V.G., Zorya E.I., Frolov Yu.N. Ecological safety in oil products supply systems and automobile transport. Tutorial. M. LLC "Center LitNefteGaz", 2004 - 176 p.

3. Matveev Yu.A., Bogdanov A.Yu., Vyushin D.A. A reservoir for the reception, storage and delivery of crude oil containing mechanical impurities. Utility Model Patent No. 79535 dated January 10, 2009.

4. Matveev Yu.A., Bogdanov A.Yu., Kudashova E.A., Kundrotas K.R. Installation for receiving and dispensing crude oil and filtering solids. Utility Model Patent No. 84357 of June 10, 2009.

5. Anferov VV, Kovalenko VG, Rementsov A.N. Technical equipment and personnel in oil products supply systems. Tutorial. Ch .: Metranpazh, 2006 - 448 p.

Claims (1)

Installation of wastewater treatment at gas stations with additional filtration of mechanical impurities and oil products, characterized in that the sand trap is made in the form of two cone-type filter traps equipped with pipelines with shut-off valves for changing the direction of wastewater, in which filter nets with cells of various diameters, from the reservoir with wastewater a pipeline is diverted with an intake pipe for pumping oil products with an upper layer of wastewater into the filter stki of fuels and lubricants, which allows to increase the minimum size of the pores of the filter membrane cell walls from 50 Å to 200 Å.